Venom Wiki / Alle diere / Kobras, mambas & kraits

Nr. 0004 van 1 402

Caspian cobra

Naja oxiana

Oor die naam: Naja is a Latin form of the Sanskrit word for cobra, and oxiana comes from Oxus, the ancient name of the Amu Darya river.1

DodelikEen van die dodelikste diere op aarde. As dit jou byt, roep dadelik hulp.Vinnige hulp en teengif red die meeste mense. Bel dadelik jou noodnommer.

Kobras, mambas & kraits

ByteEet: Vleis

Gevaar vir mense: DodelikEen van die gevaarlikste diere in die wêreld.

The Caspian cobra is a highly venomous snake that lives in Central Asia, Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan. Many scientists consider it the most venomous cobra in the world. It is also a strong swimmer and a good climber.1

Leef in

Central Asia, Afghanistan, northeastern Iran, Pakistan and far northern India1

Asië

Tuis

It lives in dry, rocky or stony foothills covered with shrubs or scrub, up to about 3,000 m above sea level. It is often found near water and rarely far from it, and it lives in holes in embankments or in trees.1

Lengte

1 m tot 1,7 m (3,3 ft tot 5,6 ft)1

Topspoed

omtrent 7,5 km/h (4,7 mph)

Op land, rowwe skatting

Wat eet dit?

It feeds mostly on small mammals and amphibians, and sometimes on fish, birds and their eggs. It also reportedly eats other snakes.1

Foto van Caspian cobra — Caspian cobra. Foto: Omid Mozaffari. CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Hoe om dit te herken

Adults are light to chocolate brown or yellowish, with no hood marks and no spots on the throat.1
Juveniles are pale and faded, with dark and light cross-bands of about equal width around the body.1
The hood is long and tapers gradually, unlike the rounder hood of some other cobras.1
It has several dark bands under the throat.1
It is never fully black, although some individuals can be quite dark.1

Word dikwels verwar met: The Caspian cobra is often confused with the Indian cobra, and the two live side by side in Pakistan and northern India. Indian cobras without a hood mark look similar. In the black form of the Indian cobra from Pakistan, almost the whole throat is black, while the Caspian cobra has several dark throat bands and is never fully black.1

Gifkrag

Byte

Gif kom deur sy giftande of tande uit wanneer dit byt.

Wat doen sy gif as dit byt of steek?

Its venom is mainly neurotoxic, meaning it attacks the nerves, and most of the venom is made of short neurotoxins. It also contains cytotoxins, which can kill cells, and enzymes called nucleases, which damage tissue at the bite. Severe pain and swelling appear quickly, and weakness, drowsiness and paralysis of the throat and limbs can appear within an hour. The venom can also affect the heart during the first few hours, and at least one heart attack after a bite has been recorded.1

Hoe gevaarlik is dit vir mense?

Gevaar vir mense: DodelikEen van die gevaarlikste diere in die wêreld.

It is regarded as the most dangerous snake in Central Asia and has a high death rate. Between 1979 and 1987, 136 confirmed bites were attributed to it in the former Soviet Union. Of these, 8 people died after receiving antivenom, and 11 of the 15 who did not receive antivenom died. In Iran, it causes more deaths from snakebite than any other snake in the country. Without treatment, death can come in as little as 45 minutes or be delayed for up to 24 hours.1

Goeie nuus: dokters het 'n medisyne (teengif) of 'n behandeling hiervoor.1

Wat doen dit as dit bang is?

It tends to avoid people, but when cornered or provoked it spreads its hood, hisses, sways from side to side and strikes repeatedly.1

As dit byt

Medical treatment with antivenom is essential, because untreated bites are often fatal. Symptoms can worsen rapidly without treatment, so urgent medical care is needed.1
Hou die persoon stil en kalm, haal ringe en stywe goed af, en kom vinnig by 'n hospitaal uit: teengif is die behandeling.

Bel altyd eers jou noodnommer (112, 000, 911). Dit is algemene noodhulpraad, nie mediese advies nie. Noodhulp-basiese beginsels

Bly veilig

Moet nooit aan 'n wilde dier raak, dit vang of terg nie, selfs nie 'n kleintjie nie, en selfs nie as dit lyk of dit slaap of dood is nie.
Gee dit spasie. As jy een raakloop, bly kalm, stap stadig terug en laat dit sy eie pad gaan.
As een jou byt: bly kalm, bly stil, bel jou noodnommer (112, 000, 911) of kom vinnig by 'n hospitaal uit. Onthou hoe dit gelyk het, 'n foto help.

Dit is nie uit om jou te kry nie. Dit gebruik sy gif om kos te vang of om homself te beskerm, en kruip baie eerder weg. Meer oor veilig bly

Waar in die wêreld?

Afrika Asië Europa Noord-Amerika Suid-Amerika Australië & Oseanië

Hoe groot is dit?

Hoe lank is dit?

so lank soos 3 huiskatte neus tot stertso lank soos 9 piesangs punt aan puntkan 100 meter in 48 sekondes aflê (die vinnigste mens het 9,6 nodig)

Hoe groot is Caspian cobra in vergelyking met JOU?

Net wiskunde in jou blaaier. Niks word gestoor of enige plek heen gestuur nie.

Hoe vinnig is dit?

'n Mens wat loop omtrent 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

Caspian cobra omtrent 7,5 km/h (4,7 mph)

'n Kind op 'n fiets omtrent 12 km/h (7,5 mph)

die moeite werd om te weet

Feite

Many toxinological studies suggest that the Caspian cobra is the most venomous cobra in the world.1

A ribonuclease called ribonuclease V1, purified from its venom, is used as a laboratory reagent in molecular biology because it can break down structured RNA.1

It cannot spit venom, but it is a good climber and an able swimmer.1

It is the westernmost species of Asiatic cobra, and it can be found at heights of up to about 3,000 m.1

For most of the twentieth century it was treated as a subspecies of the Indian cobra, until genetic analysis showed it was a separate species.1

Mite-breker

Mite: Caspian cobras are always black, like some Indian cobras.

Waarheid: The Caspian cobra is never fully black. Adults are light to chocolate brown or yellowish, and it has several dark bands under the throat.1

Vir gifkenners

Wetenskaplike naam: Naja oxiana
Groep: Kobras, mambas & kraits
Familie: Elapidae2
Orde: Squamata
Kontinente: Asië
Gevaar vir mense: 5 / 5: Dodelik3

Waar die feite vandaan kom

Caspian cobra (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Naja oxiana (iNaturalist): name en klassifikasie.
Venom Wiki: die gevaarvlak, die tipiese grootte en die spoedskatting is ons eie. Kyk hoe ons dit uitwerk: Hoe ons gevaar gradeer.

Elke feit op hierdie bladsy het 'n nommer wat na sy bron wys. As ons iets verkeerd het, jammer, ons is dierfanatici, nie 'n wetenskaplike joernaal nie. Laat weet ons by [email protected] en ons maak dit reg.

Die skerpioen is honger! Venom Wiki is 'n eenmanprojek: gratis, sonder advertensies en sonder spoorsnyers. 'n Klein fooitjie help om dit aanlyn te hou.Voer die skerpioen