Venom Wiki / Alle diere / Adders & vipers

Nr. 0290 van 1 402

Nose-horned viper

Vipera ammodytes

Oor die naam: The scientific name ammodytes comes from Greek words meaning 'sand' and 'burrower' or 'diver', even though it prefers rocky places rather than sand.1

Kan doodmaakKan jou doodmaak sonder behandeling. As dit jou byt, kry vinnig hulp.

Adders & vipers

ByteEet: Vleis

Gevaar vir mense: Baie gevaarlikDit kan 'n mens doodmaak wat geen behandeling kry nie.

The nose-horned viper is a venomous snake with a small, soft horn on the tip of its snout. It lives on dry, rocky hillsides in northern Italy, the Balkans and parts of Asia Minor. It is often described as the most dangerous snake in Europe, so it is worth knowing what it looks like.1

Leef in

Northern Italy, the Balkans, Greece, Turkey, Georgia and Syria, with records in southern Austria, Romania and Bulgaria.1

Europa, Asië

Tuis

It mainly lives on dry, rocky hillsides with sparse plants. It is sometimes found in woodland edges and clearings, and near people on railway embankments, farmland and vineyards where rubble piles and stone walls are present. At lower latitudes it may be found above 2000 m.1

Lengte

14 cm tot 85 cm (5,5 in tot 2,8 ft)1

Topspoed

omtrent 3,5 km/h (2,2 mph)

Op land, rowwe skatting

Wat eet dit?

Adults mainly eat small mammals and birds, and juveniles mostly eat lizards. Larger prey is struck, released, tracked and then swallowed, while smaller prey is swallowed without using the venom.1

Foto van Nose-horned viper — Nose-horned viper. Foto: Holger Krisp. CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Hoe om dit te herken

A single small, soft and flexible horn on the snout, about 5 mm long.1
Males have a dark blotch or V-shaped marking on the back of the head and a thick black stripe running from behind the eye to the jaw.1
Males usually have a black tongue and a golden or coppery iris.1
Females are browner, with a less contrasting pattern and no dark blotch on the head.1
Both sexes have a dark zigzag stripe along the back, and the tail tip may be yellow, orange, red or green.1

Gifkrag

Byte

Gif kom deur sy giftande of tande uit wanneer dit byt.

Wat doen sy gif as dit byt of steek?

The venom has both proteolytic (breaks down tissue) and neurotoxic (attacks the nerves) parts, and it contains blood-clotting agents. Bites cause pain, swelling and discolouration, which may start straight away, and there are also reports of dizziness and tingling. Humans respond rapidly to this venom.1

Hoe gevaarlik is dit vir mense?

Gevaar vir mense: Baie gevaarlikDit kan 'n mens doodmaak wat geen behandeling kry nie.

It is likely the most dangerous snake found in Europe, and in some areas it is a significant medical risk. The venom is rarely deadly when hospital care is available. It is generally lethargic and not aggressive, and it tends not to bite without considerable provocation.1

Goeie nuus: dokters het 'n medisyne (teengif) of 'n behandeling hiervoor.1

Wat doen dit as dit bang is?

When surprised, some individuals stay still and hiss loudly, some hiss and then flee, and others try to bite immediately.1

As dit byt

Get to a hospital: the venom is rarely deadly when hospital care is available.1
Hou die persoon stil en kalm, hou die gebyte arm of been op hartvlak, haal ringe en stywe goed af, en kom vinnig by 'n hospitaal uit.

Bel altyd eers jou noodnommer (112, 000, 911). Dit is algemene noodhulpraad, nie mediese advies nie. Noodhulp-basiese beginsels

Bly veilig

Moet nooit aan 'n wilde dier raak, dit vang of terg nie, selfs nie 'n kleintjie nie, en selfs nie as dit lyk of dit slaap of dood is nie.
Gee dit spasie. As jy een raakloop, bly kalm, stap stadig terug en laat dit sy eie pad gaan.
As een jou byt: bly kalm, bly stil, bel jou noodnommer (112, 000, 911) of kom vinnig by 'n hospitaal uit. Onthou hoe dit gelyk het, 'n foto help.

Dit is nie uit om jou te kry nie. Dit gebruik sy gif om kos te vang of om homself te beskerm, en kruip baie eerder weg. Meer oor veilig bly

Waar in die wêreld?

Afrika Asië Europa Noord-Amerika Suid-Amerika Australië & Oseanië

Hoe groot is dit?

Hoe lank is dit?

so lank soos 1,5 huiskatte neus tot stertso lank soos 5 piesangs punt aan puntkan 100 meter in 100 sekondes aflê (die vinnigste mens het 9,6 nodig)

Hoe groot is Nose-horned viper in vergelyking met JOU?

Net wiskunde in jou blaaier. Niks word gestoor of enige plek heen gestuur nie.

Hoe vinnig is dit?

'n Skilpad omtrent 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Nose-horned viper omtrent 3,5 km/h (2,2 mph)

'n Mens wat loop omtrent 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

die moeite werd om te weet

Feite

Its venom is used to make antivenin for the bites of other European vipers, and the snake is farmed for this purpose.1

Its horn is soft and flexible, not hard like a true horn.1

Before mating, males perform a combat dance, similar to that of adders.1

On one island, snakes were smaller than elsewhere, which suggests regional or island dwarfism.1

It hibernates for two to six months each year, depending on conditions.1

It is ovoviviparous, meaning the eggs hatch inside the mother, so the young are born alive.1

Mite-breker

Mite: Because of its reputation, it is an aggressive snake that bites readily.

Waarheid: It is generally lethargic and not at all aggressive. It tends not to bite without considerable provocation.1

Vir gifkenners

Wetenskaplike naam: Vipera ammodytes
Groep: Adders & vipers
Familie: Viperidae2
Orde: Squamata
Kontinente: Europa, Asië
Babas: It gives birth to live young, with one to twenty born in late summer or autumn (August to October). The young are 14 to 24 cm long at birth.1
Hoe dit in die natuur gaan: Strictly protected (Appendix II) under the Berne Convention1
Gevaar vir mense: 4 / 5: Baie gevaarlik3

Waar die feite vandaan kom

Vipera ammodytes (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Vipera ammodytes (iNaturalist): name en klassifikasie.
Venom Wiki: die gevaarvlak, die tipiese grootte en die spoedskatting is ons eie. Kyk hoe ons dit uitwerk: Hoe ons gevaar gradeer.

Elke feit op hierdie bladsy het 'n nommer wat na sy bron wys. As ons iets verkeerd het, jammer, ons is dierfanatici, nie 'n wetenskaplike joernaal nie. Laat weet ons by [email protected] en ons maak dit reg.

Die skerpioen is honger! Venom Wiki is 'n eenmanprojek: gratis, sonder advertensies en sonder spoorsnyers. 'n Klein fooitjie help om dit aanlyn te hou.Voer die skerpioen