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Rhinoceros viper

Bitis nasicornis

Oor die naam: The common name refers to the horn-like scales on the end of its nose.1

Kan doodmaakKan jou doodmaak sonder behandeling. As dit jou byt, kry vinnig hulp.

Adders & vipers

ByteEet: Vleis

Gevaar vir mense: Baie gevaarlikDit kan 'n mens doodmaak wat geen behandeling kry nie.

The rhinoceros viper is a large, stout snake with bright colours and two or three horn-like scales on its nose. It lives in forests across West and Central Africa. It is venomous, and its venom is mainly hemotoxic, meaning it attacks the blood and circulation.1

Leef in

Forests of West and Central Africa, from Guinea and Liberia to Ghana, and from Central African Republic to Uganda and western Kenya1

Afrika

Tuis

It mainly lives in forested areas and rarely goes into woodland. It hides by day in leaf litter, holes, around fallen trees or tangled tree roots. It is mainly on the ground but can climb into trees and thickets up to 3 m high, and is sometimes found in shallow pools.1

Lengte

72 cm tot 1,1 m (2,4 ft tot 3,5 ft)1

Topspoed

omtrent 3,6 km/h (2,2 mph)

Op land, rowwe skatting

Wat eet dit?

It mainly eats small mammals, and in wetland habitats it also takes toads, frogs and fish. It hunts by ambush, often staying still for long periods while waiting for prey to pass by.1

Foto van Rhinoceros viper — Rhinoceros viper. Foto: Holger Krisp. CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Hoe om dit te herken

Large and stout, with rough, heavily keeled scales1
Two or three horn-like scales on the end of the nose, the front pair often long1
Series of blue or blue-green oblong markings, each with a lemon-yellow line down the centre, set within black blotches1
Dark crimson triangles down the flanks, bordered with green or blue1
Top of the head blue or green, with a black arrow mark1

Word dikwels verwar met: The name horned puff adder is also used for Bitis caudalis (horned adder), which is a different species. Because of this, names can cause confusion, so the name butterfly viper is preferred.1

Gifkrag

Byte

Gif kom deur sy giftande of tande uit wanneer dit byt.

Wat doen sy gif as dit byt of steek?

Its venom is mainly hemotoxic, which attacks the circulatory system, destroying tissue and blood vessels and causing internal bleeding. It also has a neurotoxic component, which attacks the nerves. Small doses of the venom can be deadly. In the few detailed reports of human bites, massive swelling was described, which may lead to necrosis (death of tissue).1

Hoe gevaarlik is dit vir mense?

Gevaar vir mense: Baie gevaarlikDit kan 'n mens doodmaak wat geen behandeling kry nie.

Because its range is restricted, few bites have been reported and no statistics are available. In 2003 a man in Dayton, Ohio, who kept one as a pet, was bitten and died.1

Goeie nuus: dokters het 'n medisyne (teengif) of 'n behandeling hiervoor.1

Wat doen dit as dit bang is?

When approached it often reveals its presence with a very loud hiss, almost a shriek, and it can strike quickly forwards or sideways without coiling first or giving a warning.1

As dit byt

Hou die persoon stil en kalm, hou die gebyte arm of been op hartvlak, haal ringe en stywe goed af, en kom vinnig by 'n hospitaal uit.

Bel altyd eers jou noodnommer (112, 000, 911). Dit is algemene noodhulpraad, nie mediese advies nie. Noodhulp-basiese beginsels

Bly veilig

Moet nooit aan 'n wilde dier raak, dit vang of terg nie, selfs nie 'n kleintjie nie, en selfs nie as dit lyk of dit slaap of dood is nie.
Gee dit spasie. As jy een raakloop, bly kalm, stap stadig terug en laat dit sy eie pad gaan.
As een jou byt: bly kalm, bly stil, bel jou noodnommer (112, 000, 911) of kom vinnig by 'n hospitaal uit. Onthou hoe dit gelyk het, 'n foto help.

Dit is nie uit om jou te kry nie. Dit gebruik sy gif om kos te vang of om homself te beskerm, en kruip baie eerder weg. Meer oor veilig bly

Waar in die wêreld?

Afrika Asië Europa Noord-Amerika Suid-Amerika Australië & Oseanië

Hoe groot is dit?

Hoe lank is dit?

so lank soos 2 huiskatte neus tot stertso lank soos 6 piesangs punt aan puntkan 100 meter in 100 sekondes aflê (die vinnigste mens het 9,6 nodig)

Hoe groot is Rhinoceros viper in vergelyking met JOU?

Net wiskunde in jou blaaier. Niks word gestoor of enige plek heen gestuur nie.

Hoe vinnig is dit?

'n Skilpad omtrent 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Rhinoceros viper omtrent 3,6 km/h (2,2 mph)

'n Mens wat loop omtrent 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

die moeite werd om te weet

Feite

Its scales are so rough that they can cut people who handle a snake that is struggling.1

Its vivid colours break up its outline in the dappled light of the forest floor, so it is very hard to see.1

Its fangs are not large, rarely more than 1.5 cm long, and when not in use they fold up into the roof of its mouth.1

Its bright colours fade quickly after it sheds its skin, as silt from its moist habitat builds up on its rough scales.1

At least one antivenom, called India Antiserum Africa Polyvalent, protects specifically against bites from this species.1

Mite-breker

Mite: Its bright colours make it easy to spot in the forest.

Waarheid: Its colours give it excellent camouflage in the dappled light of the forest floor, which can make it almost invisible.1

Vir gifkenners

Wetenskaplike naam: Bitis nasicornis
Groep: Adders & vipers
Familie: Viperidae2
Orde: Squamata
Kontinente: Afrika
Babas: It gives birth to live young, between six and 38 in West Africa, in March and April at the start of the rainy season.1
Gevaar vir mense: 4 / 5: Baie gevaarlik3

Waar die feite vandaan kom

Bitis nasicornis (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Bitis nasicornis (iNaturalist): name en klassifikasie.
Venom Wiki: die gevaarvlak, die tipiese grootte en die spoedskatting is ons eie. Kyk hoe ons dit uitwerk: Hoe ons gevaar gradeer.

Elke feit op hierdie bladsy het 'n nommer wat na sy bron wys. As ons iets verkeerd het, jammer, ons is dierfanatici, nie 'n wetenskaplike joernaal nie. Laat weet ons by [email protected] en ons maak dit reg.

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