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Urutu

Bothrops alternatus

Oor die naam: The scientific name alternatus is Latin for "alternating", apparently because of the staggered markings along its body. The common name urutu refers to the crescent markings on its body.1

Kan doodmaakKan jou doodmaak sonder behandeling. As dit jou byt, kry vinnig hulp.

Groefkopadders

Byte

Gevaar vir mense: Baie gevaarlikDit kan 'n mens doodmaak wat geen behandeling kry nie.

The urutu is a large, stout pit viper from South America. It is highly venomous and is an important cause of snakebites in the areas where it lives. Its body has a striking pattern of dark crescent-shaped markings.1

Leef in

Southeastern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina1

Suid-Amerika

Tuis

It lives in tropical and semitropical forests, temperate deciduous forests, marshes, swamps, riverbanks, grasslands and cerrado. It is also common in sugarcane plantations, and it is usually absent from dry environments.1

Lengte

80 cm tot 1,7 m (2,6 ft tot 5,5 ft)1

Topspoed

omtrent 3,8 km/h (2,4 mph)

Op land, rowwe skatting

Foto van Urutu — Urutu. Foto: K. Zyskowski & Y. Bereshpolova. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Hoe om dit te herken

Large and stout, most adults are 80 to 120 cm long.1
The top of the head is usually chocolate brown to almost black, with tan to white markings.1
The body has 22 to 28 dark brown to black markings, each bordered in cream or white. Some look like a cross, and some look like a headphone shape.1
The pattern on the tail forms a zigzag.1
A dark brown to black stripe runs along the underside from the neck to the tail tip.1

Gifkrag

Byte

Gif kom deur sy giftande of tande uit wanneer dit byt.

Wat doen sy gif as dit byt of steek?

The urutu is highly venomous. Its venom mainly contains phospholipase A2, snake venom metalloproteinases, snake venom serine proteases and C-type lectins. In one study of 32 patients, all had local pain and swelling, 97% had prolonged blood clotting, 41% had bleeding (usually from the gums), 32% had blistering and 9% had necrosis (death of tissue).1

Hoe gevaarlik is dit vir mense?

Gevaar vir mense: Baie gevaarlikDit kan 'n mens doodmaak wat geen behandeling kry nie.

Bites are an important cause of snakebite in its range and often cause severe local tissue damage, but they are rarely fatal. In a survey of 6,601 snakebite cases in Central and South America, 384 were attributed to this species, and 8 of those (2%) were fatal. Some bites have caused gangrene that required amputation, and in 2004 a 44-year-old woman died of a brain bleed after being bitten at home.1

Goeie nuus: dokters het 'n medisyne (teengif) of 'n behandeling hiervoor.1

As dit byt

In one Brazilian hospital study, all 32 bitten patients were treated with specific antivenin (antivenom), and none of them died.1
Hou die persoon stil en kalm, hou die gebyte arm of been op hartvlak, haal ringe en stywe goed af, en kom vinnig by 'n hospitaal uit.

Bel altyd eers jou noodnommer (112, 000, 911). Dit is algemene noodhulpraad, nie mediese advies nie. Noodhulp-basiese beginsels

Bly veilig

Moet nooit aan 'n wilde dier raak, dit vang of terg nie, selfs nie 'n kleintjie nie, en selfs nie as dit lyk of dit slaap of dood is nie.
Gee dit spasie. As jy een raakloop, bly kalm, stap stadig terug en laat dit sy eie pad gaan.
As een jou byt: bly kalm, bly stil, bel jou noodnommer (112, 000, 911) of kom vinnig by 'n hospitaal uit. Onthou hoe dit gelyk het, 'n foto help.

Dit is nie uit om jou te kry nie. Dit gebruik sy gif om kos te vang of om homself te beskerm, en kruip baie eerder weg. Meer oor veilig bly

Waar in die wêreld?

Afrika Asië Europa Noord-Amerika Suid-Amerika Australië & Oseanië

Hoe groot is dit?

Hoe lank is dit?

so lank soos 3 huiskatte neus tot stertso lank soos 9 piesangs punt aan puntkan 100 meter in 95 sekondes aflê (die vinnigste mens het 9,6 nodig)

Hoe groot is Urutu in vergelyking met JOU?

Net wiskunde in jou blaaier. Niks word gestoor of enige plek heen gestuur nie.

Hoe vinnig is dit?

'n Skilpad omtrent 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Urutu omtrent 3,8 km/h (2,4 mph)

'n Mens wat loop omtrent 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

die moeite werd om te weet

Feite

Genome sequencing found 59 toxin genes from 16 toxin families.1

Its verified maximum length is 169 cm, although reports of over 2 m exist.1

Some unusual individuals have dark stripes running the full length of the body.1

In some specimens the pattern is so concentrated that the markings and the gaps between them are the same colour.1

Females are significantly longer and heavier than males.1

Mite-breker

Mite: The bite of this snake is almost always deadly.

Waarheid: Bites are rarely fatal, although they often cause severe local tissue damage. In one survey, only 2% of cases attributed to this species were fatal.1

Vir gifkenners

Wetenskaplike naam: Bothrops alternatus
Groep: Groefkopadders
Familie: Viperidae2
Orde: Squamata
Kontinente: Suid-Amerika
Babas: It gives birth to live young, with captive females producing 3 to 12 young and some females producing up to 24. The newborns look like adults but are more brightly coloured, and they can strike venomously from birth.1
Gevaar vir mense: 4 / 5: Baie gevaarlik3

Waar die feite vandaan kom

Bothrops alternatus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Bothrops alternatus (iNaturalist): name en klassifikasie.
Venom Wiki: die gevaarvlak, die tipiese grootte en die spoedskatting is ons eie. Kyk hoe ons dit uitwerk: Hoe ons gevaar gradeer.

Elke feit op hierdie bladsy het 'n nommer wat na sy bron wys. As ons iets verkeerd het, jammer, ons is dierfanatici, nie 'n wetenskaplike joernaal nie. Laat weet ons by [email protected] en ons maak dit reg.

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