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Short-tail stingray

Bathytoshia brevicaudata

Om navnet: The scientific name Bathytoshia brevicaudata comes from the Latin words brevis (short) and cauda (tail), which refer to its short tail.1

Kan dræbeKan slå dig ihjel uden behandling. Hvis det stikker dig, så få hurtigt hjælp.

Giftige fisk

StikSpiser: Kød

Fare for mennesker: Meget farligDet kan dræbe et menneske, der ikke får behandling.

The short-tail stingray is one of the largest stingrays in the world. It lives in temperate seas off southern Africa, southern Australia and New Zealand, mostly on or near the sea floor. It is not aggressive, but its long venomous sting can cause a serious wound if the ray is startled.1

Lever i

Temperate waters of the Southern Hemisphere: southern Africa, southern Australia, including Tasmania, and New Zealand1

Det Indiske Ocean, Stillehavet, Koralhavet

Forside

It lives on the bottom in estuaries, sheltered bays, sandy flats, rocky reefs and the outer continental shelf, and sometimes swims up into open water. Off southern Africa it is usually found offshore, at depths of 180 to 480 m. Off Australia and New Zealand it can be found from the intertidal zone down to 156 m. At Hamelin Bay in Western Australia, many rays gather where visitors hand-feed them fish scraps.1

Længde

4,3 m (14 ft)1

Vægt

350 kg (772 lb)1

Tophastighed

cirka 30 km/t (19 mph)

Svømmende, groft gæt

Hvad spiser det?

It eats bony fishes and invertebrates such as molluscs and crustaceans, including burrowing species. It finds buried bivalves and spoon worms by detecting the tiny water jets they produce, then sucks them out of the sediment. It also eats open-water animals such as salps and hyperiid amphipods.1

Foto af Short-tail stingray — Short-tail stingray. Foto: Alpha from Melbourne, Australia. CC BY-SA 2.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Sådan genkender du det

Diamond-shaped, heavy disc that is smooth, with no scales (dermal denticles) on the disc even in adults1
Plain grey-brown back, darkening towards the tail and above the eyes, with a line of white pores on either side of the head1
Whitish underside, darkening towards the edges of the fins1
Tail usually shorter than the disc, thick at the base, with one or two serrated stinging spines about halfway along it1
Adults have a row of large, spear-like thorns in front of the sting1

Forveksles ofte med: The pitted stingray (Dasyatis matsubarai) of the northwestern Pacific looks similar but is smaller. Records of this species from northern Australia and Thailand are thought to be other rays that were misidentified.1

Giftkraft

Stik

Giften kommer ud gennem en brod.

Hvad gør dets gift, når det bider eller stikker?

Its sting is venomous. The mucous sheath covering the sting contains a toxin that causes necrosis, which means the death of body tissue. The most dangerous injuries involve damage to a vital organ, heavy blood loss, or secondary infection (sepsis) or tetanus.1

Hvor farligt er det for mennesker?

Fare for mennesker: Meget farligDet kan dræbe et menneske, der ikke får behandling.

The short-tail stingray is not aggressive, but if startled or harassed it can inflict a serious and even fatal wound. Its sting can be over 30 cm long and can penetrate most footwear, including kevlar bootees. It is responsible for most stingray injuries off New Zealand, including the death of Australian naturalist Steve Irwin, who was pierced in the chest by its barbed tail.1

Hvad gør det, når det er bange?

When threatened, it raises its tail over its back like a scorpion, and a startled ray can leap through the water and strike with its tail.1

Hvis det stikker

Kom såret i varmt vand, så varmt som personen kan tåle uden at blive forbrændt (prøv det med din egen hånd), i 30 til 90 minutter. Få lægehjælp, især ved stenfisk og pilrokker.

Ring altid først til dit alarmnummer (112, 000, 911). Dette er generel førstehjælpsvejledning, ikke lægelig rådgivning. Grundlæggende førstehjælp

Pas på dig selv

Rør aldrig ved, fang eller dril et vildt dyr, heller ikke et lille et, og heller ikke hvis det ser ud til at sove eller være dødt.
Giv det plads. Hvis du møder et, så bliv rolig, træd langsomt tilbage, og lad det gå sin egen vej.
Hvis et stikker dig: Bevar roen, hold dig i ro, ring til dit alarmnummer (112, 000, 911), eller kom hurtigt på hospitalet. Husk, hvordan det så ud, et billede hjælper.

Det er ikke ude efter dig. Det bruger sin gift til at fange føde eller beskytte sig selv, og det gemmer sig meget hellere. Mere om sikkerhed

Hvor i verden?

Afrika Asien Europa Nordamerika Sydamerika Australien & Oceanien Stillehavet Det Indiske Ocean Koralhavet

Hvor stort er det?

Hvor langt er det?

Hvor tungt er det?

lige så tung som 18 hunde

lige så lang som 4 hunde fra snude til halelige så lang som 24 bananer på rækkekunne svømme længden af et stort svømmebassin (50 m) på 6 sekunder

Hvor stor er Short-tail stingray i forhold til DIG?

Bare matematik i din browser. Intet bliver gemt eller sendt nogen steder hen.

Hvor hurtigt er det?

En olympisk svømmer cirka 8 km/t (5 mph)

Short-tail stingray cirka 30 km/t (19 mph)

En delfin i fuld fart cirka 35 km/t (22 mph)

værd at vide

Fakta

It can flap its pectoral fins with enough force to make a loud audible 'bang' in the water, although it is usually slow-moving.1

It is one of the largest stingrays in the world, and reliable observers off New Zealand have reported individuals almost 3 m across.1

Captive experiments suggest it can detect magnetic fields, which may help it navigate.1

Every summer, large groups gather under the rocky archways of the Poor Knights Islands off New Zealand, where both mating and birthing have been seen.1

Captive females have been observed mating with up to three different males in succession.1

For gifteksperter

Videnskabeligt navn: Bathytoshia brevicaudata
Gruppe: Giftige fisk
Familie: Dasyatidae2
Orden: Myliobatiformes
Kontinenter: Det Indiske Ocean, Stillehavet, Koralhavet, Oceanerne
Unger: It gives birth to live young. Females usually have litters of 6 to 10 pups in summer, and newborns measure 32 to 36 cm across.1
Hvordan det klarer sig i naturen: Least Concern (IUCN)1
Fare for mennesker: 4 / 5: Meget farlig3

Hvor fakta kommer fra

Short-tail stingray (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Bathytoshia brevicaudata (iNaturalist): navne og klassifikation.
Venom Wiki: fareniveauet, den typiske størrelse og hastighedsgættet er vores egne. Se, hvordan vi regner dem ud: Sådan vurderer vi faren.

Hvert faktum på denne side har et nummer, der peger på kilden. Hvis vi har taget fejl, så undskyld, vi er dyrefans, ikke et videnskabeligt tidsskrift. Skriv til os på [email protected], så retter vi det.

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