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Spider-tailed horned viper
BidThe spider-tailed horned viper is a venomous snake with a tail tip that looks like a spider. It lives only in the mountains of western Iran and the nearby eastern part of Iraq. It wiggles its tail to lure birds close enough to catch.1
Sådan genkender du det
- The scales above each eye rise up into small horns.1
- About 16 to 17 scales sit between the horns.1
- The bulb-shaped tail tip is bordered by long, drooping scales that look like spider legs.1
- The scales on the body are rougher than those of other species in its genus.1
- It has 15 pairs of subcaudal scales (the scales on the underside of the tail).1
Forveksles ofte med: It looks very similar to other Pseudocerastes vipers in the region, especially around the head. The unusual, spider-like tail tip is the feature that sets it apart.1
Giftkraft
Giften kommer ud gennem gifttænderne eller tænderne, når det bider.
Hvad gør dets gift, når det bider eller stikker?
Its venom mainly acts as a cytotoxin, which destroys cells across a wide variety of cell types, and it has minor neurotoxic effects, which attack the nerves. It is a procoagulant, meaning it makes blood clot, and reports describe clotting in about 13 seconds. The venom affects birds most strongly, and also affects mammals and amphibians. A 2021 study by Brouw found it has a coagulant effect on humans and affects Factor X, a protein needed for blood clotting.1
Hvor farligt er det for mennesker?
Fare for mennesker: AlvorligEt bid skal ses af en læge. Dødsfald er meget sjældne.No human bite has ever been recorded in the wild. How severe its effects would be on people is not known.1
Hvis det bider
- Hold personen i ro og rolig, hold den bidte arm eller det bidte ben i hjertehøjde, tag ringe og stramme ting af, og kom hurtigt på hospitalet.
Ring altid først til dit alarmnummer (112, 000, 911). Dette er generel førstehjælpsvejledning, ikke lægelig rådgivning. Grundlæggende førstehjælp
Pas på dig selv
- Rør aldrig ved, fang eller dril et vildt dyr, heller ikke et lille et, og heller ikke hvis det ser ud til at sove eller være dødt.
- Giv det plads. Hvis du møder et, så bliv rolig, træd langsomt tilbage, og lad det gå sin egen vej.
- Hvis et bider dig: Bevar roen, hold dig i ro, ring til dit alarmnummer (112, 000, 911), eller kom hurtigt på hospitalet. Husk, hvordan det så ud, et billede hjælper.
Det er ikke ude efter dig. Det bruger sin gift til at fange føde eller beskytte sig selv, og det gemmer sig meget hellere. Mere om sikkerhed
Hvor stort er det?
Hvor langt er det?
lige så lang som 3 bananer på række
kunne løbe 100 meter på 110 sekunder (det hurtigste menneske skal bruge 9,6)Hvor stor er Spider-tailed horned viper i forhold til DIG?
Bare matematik i din browser. Intet bliver gemt eller sendt nogen steder hen.
Hvor hurtigt er det?
Fakta
Its tail is moved in a figure-of-eight pattern, and it moves faster when birds are nearby. Field studies have confirmed that this is a lure and not random movement.1
Footage of it luring migrating birds appears in the Asia episode of the BBC series Seven Worlds, One Planet, narrated by David Attenborough.1
A digested lark was found in the stomach of one of the specimens used to describe the species, supporting the idea that the tail lures birds.1
Its tail tip is a form of aggressive mimicry, where a predator looks like something else to attract its prey.1
Several other snakes, such as the sidewinder and the green tree python, also use the tip of their tail as a lure, but none has the elongated scales that look like arthropod legs.1
A specimen collected in 1968 was first identified as a Persian horned viper. It was only recognised as a separate species and described in 2006.1
Myteknuser
Myte: The strange tail tip was caused by a parasite, a deformity or a tumour.
Sandhed: Early specimens were thought to have a damaged tail tip. In fact, the spider-like tail is a natural feature that the snake uses to lure birds.1
Hvor fakta kommer fra
- Spider-tailed horned viper (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
- Pseudocerastes urarachnoides (iNaturalist): navne og klassifikation.
- Venom Wiki: fareniveauet, den typiske størrelse og hastighedsgættet er vores egne. Se, hvordan vi regner dem ud: Sådan vurderer vi faren.
Hvert faktum på denne side har et nummer, der peger på kilden. Hvis vi har taget fejl, så undskyld, vi er dyrefans, ikke et videnskabeligt tidsskrift. Skriv til os på [email protected], så retter vi det.
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