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N.º 1298 de 1 402

Hispaniolan solenodon

Solenodon paradoxus

Sobre o nome: The genus name Solenodon means "grooved teeth", which refers to the groove in its lower incisor that carries venom.1

Só doeDoe, pero non che fará un dano grave.

Mamíferos pezoñentos

MordeCome: Insectos

Perigo para as persoas: DolorosoPode doer moito, pero case nunca é grave.

The Hispaniolan solenodon is a small, furry, shrew-like mammal that lives only on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola, in the Dominican Republic and Haiti. It is one of the few venomous mammals in the world. It is shy and hard to see, because it is active at night and hides in burrows during the day.1

Vive en

Hispaniola (the Dominican Republic and southern Haiti), Caribbean1

América do Norte

Inicio

It lives in undisturbed moist forest below 1,000 m, although it is sometimes found higher up or near farmland. It shelters by day in burrows, trees, hollow logs or caves.1

Lonxitude

49 cm a 72 cm (1,6 ft a 2,4 ft)1

Velocidade máxima

uns 8 km/h (5 mph)

En terra, estimación aproximada

Que come?

It feeds mainly on arthropods such as millipedes, ground beetles, crickets, katydids and cockroaches. It also eats worms, snails, mice and small reptiles, and a little fruit, grain and leaf litter. It probes the earth with its snout and digs or rips open rotten logs with its claws.1

Foto de Hispaniolan solenodon — Hispaniolan solenodon. Foto: Solenodon joe. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Como recoñecelo

Dusky brown fur over most of the body, with a paler underside1
Reddish fur on the sides of the head, throat and upper chest1
Hairless tail, legs, snout and eyelids1
A long snout with about a dozen long whiskers, up to 7 cm1
Runs on the soles of its feet in an erratic, zigzag course, and is active only at night1

Adoita confundirse con: It resembles an oversized shrew. Adults are the largest living members of the shrew-like group (Soricomorpha), so they are much bigger than ordinary shrews.1

Poder da pezoña

Morde

A pezoña sae polos seus cairos ou dentes cando morde.

Que fai a súa pezoña?

Its venom flows from saliva through a nearly closed channel in the second lower incisor. The exact chemical make-up of the venom is not known. In laboratory tests, a dose of 0.38 to 0.55 mg of venom per gram of body mass killed mice in two to six minutes.1

Que perigoso é para as persoas?

Perigo para as persoas: DolorosoPode doer moito, pero case nunca é grave.

Its venom is strong enough to kill mice in minutes in lab tests. The animal is shy, nocturnal and hard to find, so encounters are uncommon.1

Que fai cando ten medo?

It has not evolved strong defences, as it has no natural land predators, and it is a slow, clumsy runner. When threatened, it makes a loud defensive "chirp" and an aggressive "squeal".1

Se morde

Lava ben a ferida e busca axuda médica.

Chama sempre primeiro ao teu número de emerxencias (112, 000, 911). Isto son consellos xerais de primeiros auxilios, non consello médico. Primeiros auxilios básicos

Mantente a salvo

Nunca toques, collas nin molestes un animal salvaxe, aínda que sexa pequeno e aínda que pareza durmido ou morto.
Déixalle espazo. Se atopas un, mantén a calma, recúa amodo e déixao ir polo seu camiño.
Se un te morde: mantén a calma, non te movas, chama ao teu número de emerxencias (112, 000, 911) ou vai rápido a un hospital. Lembra como era, unha foto axuda.

Non vai a por ti. Usa a súa pezoña para cazar comida ou para defenderse, e prefire con moito agocharse. Máis sobre como estar a salvo

En que lugar do mundo?

África Asia Europa América do Norte América do Sur Australia e Oceanía

Que tamaño ten?

Canto mide?

mide coma 4 bananas postas en filapodería percorrer 100 metros en 45 segundos (o humano máis rápido precisa 9,6)

Que tamaño ten Hispaniolan solenodon comparado CONTIGO?

Só son contas no teu navegador. Non se garda nin se envía nada a ningures.

Que rápido é?

Unha persoa camiñando uns 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

Hispaniolan solenodon uns 8 km/h (5 mph)

Un neno en bicicleta uns 12 km/h (7,5 mph)

paga a pena sabelo

Datos

It is one of the few venomous placental mammals. Its venom is delivered through grooves in its lower incisors.1

Genetic studies estimate that solenodons split from other living mammals about 78 million years ago.1

It was first described in 1833. It was rediscovered in 1907, but was again believed extinct by 1964.1

It has a bone called the os proboscidis that extends forward from the nostril to support the snout. This bone is not found even in other solenodons.1

It has no natural land predators, so it never evolved strong defences. Owls, feral dogs and cats, and small Asian mongooses can all prey on it.1

Individuals in captivity have lived for over eleven years.1

Para expertos en pezoñas

Nome científico: Solenodon paradoxus
Grupo: Mamíferos pezoñentos
Familia: Solenodontidae2
Orde: Eulipotyphla
Continentes: América do Norte
Crías: Litters have one to three young after a gestation of over 84 days. The young are born blind and hairless, and usually only two survive because the female has two teats.1
Esperanza de vida: uns 11 anos1
Como lle vai na natureza: Endangered1
Perigo para as persoas: 2 / 5: Doloroso3

De onde veñen os datos

Hispaniolan solenodon (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Solenodon paradoxus (iNaturalist): nomes e clasificación.
Venom Wiki: o nivel de perigo, o tamaño típico e a velocidade estimada son nosos. Mira como os calculamos: Como valoramos o perigo.

Cada dato desta páxina ten un número que leva á súa fonte. Se nos equivocamos nalgo, sentímolo, somos fans dos animais, non unha revista científica. Dínolo en [email protected] e arranxarémolo.

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