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Oak processionary

Thaumetopoea processionea
Sobre o nome: The name comes from the caterpillars' habit of moving in nose-to-tail lines called processions.1
Só doeNon tocarDoe, pero non che fará un dano grave.
Eirugas e bichos Pelos urticantesCome: Plantas
Perigo para as persoas: DolorosoPode doer moito, pero case nunca é grave.

The oak processionary is a moth whose caterpillars feed on oak leaves and can strip trees bare. The caterpillars travel in long, nose-to-tail lines, which is how they got their name. Their fine, hair-like bristles can irritate skin and breathing, so they matter a lot to people.1

Vive en
Central and southern Europe, occasionally as far north as Sweden; now established in the UK and Belgium1
Europa
Inicio
Oak forests and oak trees, where the caterpillars feed and build silk nests on trunks and branches. People can meet them in oak woodland, on the ground under oaks, and in gardens and parks with oak trees. Their hairs can also reach lawns and garden ponds.1
Lonxitude
2,5 cm a 3,5 cm (1 in a 1,4 in)1
Velocidade máxima
uns 0,03 km/h (0,02 mph)
En terra, estimación aproximada
Que come?
Caterpillars eat oak leaves, feeding in the tree crowns at night and returning to their nests. They also eat the leaves of hazel, hornbeam, sweet chestnut, birch and beech, though oak is preferred.1
De verdade!Foto de Oak processionary
Oak processionary. Foto: Kleuske. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Como recoñecelo

  • Adult moths have a wingspan of 25 to 35 mm and are tan, brown and white, which makes them hard to see against oak bark.1
  • Caterpillars have very long, white hairs that contrast with shorter hairs.1
  • Caterpillars march in lines, often arrow-shaped, with a leader and rows of several caterpillars side by side.1
  • Nests are white and silk-like when new, and become discoloured and hard to see over time.1
  • Nests can be round, teardrop-shaped, bag-like or blanket-like, and can be found at any height on an oak tree.1

Adoita confundirse con: Caterpillars of several other species may be mistaken for the oak processionary. Unlike other caterpillars, the oak processionary does not live on fences or walls, so it is mostly found in oak trees or on the ground beneath them in late spring and early summer.1

Poder da pezoña

Pelos urticantes

Pelos ou cerdas pequeniñas rompen dentro da pel e pican.

Que fai a súa pezoña?

The caterpillars' back bristles contain a urticating toxin called thaumetopoein, a protein that irritates the skin. Contact can cause a papular rash and itching, and the hairs can also cause eye inflammation (conjunctivitis). If the hairs are breathed in, they can cause sore throat (pharyngitis), breathing problems, asthma, or in rare cases anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction.1

Que perigoso é para as persoas?

Perigo para as persoas: DolorosoPode doer moito, pero case nunca é grave.

The moths are an increasing nuisance to people as their range grows, and the hairs can cause a skin condition called epidemic caterpillar dermatitis. The hairs break off easily, float in the air, and can stay harmful for several seasons. Mowing a lawn can bring people into contact with them.1

Boas novas: os médicos teñen un medicamento (antiveleno) ou un tratamento para isto.1

Que fai cando ten medo?

The caterpillars defend themselves with thousands of pointed, easily broken bristles on their backs that float in the air and irritate the skin.1

Se lle tocas os pelos

  • The skin irritation and itching can be largely relieved by cetirizine-based antihistamine tablets. Anyone with breathing problems or a severe reaction needs urgent medical help.1
  • Para os pelos urticantes das eirugas: quítaos con cinta adhesiva e despois lava a pel. Non esfregues.
  • Para as mordeduras: lava e arrefría. Busca axuda médica se a persoa se sente mal ou sangra con facilidade.

Chama sempre primeiro ao teu número de emerxencias (112, 000, 911). Isto son consellos xerais de primeiros auxilios, non consello médico. Primeiros auxilios básicos

Mantente a salvo

  • Nunca toques, collas nin molestes un animal salvaxe, aínda que sexa pequeno e aínda que pareza durmido ou morto.
  • Déixalle espazo. Se atopas un, mantén a calma, recúa amodo e déixao ir polo seu camiño.
  • Se lle tocas os pelos: mantén a calma, non te movas, chama ao teu número de emerxencias (112, 000, 911) ou vai rápido a un hospital. Lembra como era, unha foto axuda.

Non vai a por ti. Usa a súa pezoña para cazar comida ou para defenderse, e prefire con moito agocharse. Máis sobre como estar a salvo

En que lugar do mundo?

ÁfricaAsiaEuropaAmérica do NorteAmérica do SurAustralia e Oceanía

Que tamaño ten?

Canto mide?

Oak processionary mide uns 3,5 cm (1,4 in)Un clip uns 3 cm (1,2 in)Un móbil uns 15 cm (5,9 in)
mide máis ou menos coma un clipmáis lento ca un caracol de xardín

Que tamaño ten Oak processionary comparado CONTIGO?

Só son contas no teu navegador. Non se garda nin se envía nada a ningures.

Que rápido é?

paga a pena sabelo

Datos

1

Older caterpillars can have up to 63,000 pointed defensive bristles on their backs.1

2

In 2007, soldiers were deployed to burn infestations in the Belgian province of Limburg.1

3

The UK government spent £37 million trying to control the caterpillars, which had spread to all 33 London boroughs by 2019.1

4

In the Netherlands, great tits have been observed eating the young caterpillars before their hairs develop in April.1

5

In 2023, an outbreak in Ireland was successfully eradicated.1

Para expertos en pezoñas

Nome científico
Thaumetopoea processionea
Grupo
Eirugas e bichos
Familia
Notodontidae2
Orde
Lepidoptera
Continentes
Europa
Crías
Eggs hatch into caterpillars that build communal silk nests in oak trees, and the caterpillars later pupate into adult moths in these nests.1
Perigo para as persoas
2 / 5: Doloroso3

De onde veñen os datos

  1. Oak processionary (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Thaumetopoea processionea (iNaturalist): nomes e clasificación.
  3. Venom Wiki: o nivel de perigo, o tamaño típico e a velocidade estimada son nosos. Mira como os calculamos: Como valoramos o perigo.

Cada dato desta páxina ten un número que leva á súa fonte. Se nos equivocamos nalgo, sentímolo, somos fans dos animais, non unha revista científica. Dínolo en [email protected] e arranxarémolo.

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