Br. 0653 od 1 402

Brown recluse

Loxosceles reclusa

O imenu: The scientific name reclusa means 'recluse', which refers to the spider's shy, hidden way of life.1

Treba liječnikaRijetko smrtonosno, ali ugriz treba pokazati liječniku.

Pauci

UgriziJede: Meso

Opasnost za ljude: OzbiljnoUgriz treba pokazati liječniku. Smrtni slučajevi su vrlo rijetki.

The brown recluse is a small spider with a violin-shaped mark on its back. It lives mainly in the central and southern United States, where it hides in dark, quiet places such as woodpiles and sheds. It is one of only two North American spiders with dangerous venom, the other being the black widow.1

Živi u

Southern and central United States, from southeastern Nebraska south to central Texas and western Georgia1

Sjeverna Amerika

Početna

Brown recluses build irregular webs in dry, undisturbed places such as woodpiles, sheds, closets, garages, plenum spaces and cellars. In homes they seem to favour cardboard. People are usually bitten when the spider is trapped against the skin, for example inside clothes, shoes, towels, bedding or work gloves.1

Duljina

od 6 mm do 2 cm (od 0,2 in do 0,8 in)1

Najveća brzina

oko 0,8 km/h (0,5 mph)

Na kopnu, gruba procjena

Što jede?

Brown recluses leave their lairs at night to hunt, unlike most web-weaving spiders. If food becomes scarce, they will occasionally, though not habitually, eat other brown recluses.1

Fotografija: Brown recluse — Brown recluse. Fotografija: Rosa Pineda. CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Kako ga prepoznati

A dark violin-shaped marking on the top of the front body, with the neck of the violin pointing towards the rear of the spider1
Typically light to medium brown, though colours range from whitish to dark brown or blackish grey1
Six eyes arranged in three pairs, while most spiders have eight1
No obvious patterns on the abdomen or legs, and no spines on the legs1
Usually 6 to 20 millimetres in body length, but may grow larger1

Često se miješa s: The violin marking is not a reliable identifier, because cellar spiders and pirate spiders can have similar markings. The Mediterranean recluse, an introduced species, is almost indistinguishable from the brown recluse, so many reports of recluses are misidentifications. A spider in the genus Titiotus is the most common spider mistaken for a brown recluse in California, and its bite is considered harmless.1

Otrovna snaga

Ugrizi

Otrov izlazi kroz očnjake ili zube kad ugrize.

Što radi njegov otrov kad ugrize ili ubode?

The venom is necrotic, meaning it destroys tissue. It contains a dermonecrotic agent called sphingomyelinase D, which kills the skin around the bite. In some cases the venom spreads through the body within minutes, causing nausea, vomiting, fever, rashes and muscle and joint pain. Rarely, it can burst red blood cells (hemolysis).1

Koliko je opasno za ljude?

Opasnost za ljude: OzbiljnoUgriz treba pokazati liječniku. Smrtni slučajevi su vrlo rijetki.

Most bites cause no skin damage, and the spider is rarely aggressive. In one clinical study, skin necrosis occurred in 37% of diagnosed bites and systemic illness in 14%. Rarely, bites can cause organ damage or death. Most fatalities have been in children under seven or in people with weak immune systems. Children, the elderly and seriously ill people may be more susceptible to systemic effects.1

Što radi kad se uplaši?

When alarmed, it lowers its body, raises its pedipalps and stands still in a defensive pose. It usually flees, and if caught it may play dead.1

Ako ugrize

Operi ugriz i stavi na njega vrećicu leda protiv boli. Potraži liječničku pomoć ako je bol jaka, širi se ili se osoba osjeća loše.

Uvijek prvo nazovi broj za hitne slučajeve (112, 000, 911). Ovo su opće upute za prvu pomoć, a ne liječnički savjet. Osnove prve pomoći

Ostani na sigurnom

Nikad ne diraj, ne hvataj i ne zadirkuj divlju životinju, čak ni malu, i čak ni ako izgleda kao da spava ili je mrtva.
Ostavi joj prostora. Ako je sretneš, ne paniči, polako se odmakni i pusti je da ode svojim putem.
Ako te neka ugrize: ne paniči, miruj, nazovi broj za hitne slučajeve (112, 000, 911) ili brzo idi u bolnicu. Zapamti kako je izgledala, fotografija pomaže.

Ne želi ti ništa loše. Otrov koristi za lov hrane ili za obranu i mnogo bi se radije sakrilo. Više o sigurnosti

Gdje u svijetu?

Afrika Azija Europa Sjeverna Amerika Južna Amerika Australija i Oceanija

Koliko je veliko?

Koliko je dugo?

otprilike dugo kao spajalica

Koliko je Brown recluse velika životinja u usporedbi s TOBOM?

Samo matematika u tvom pregledniku. Ništa se ne sprema niti šalje nikamo.

Koliko je brzo?

Kornjača oko 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Brown recluse oko 0,8 km/h (0,5 mph)

Osoba koja hoda oko 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

vrijedi znati

Činjenice

One brown recluse survived for over five seasons in captivity without any food at all.1

In 2001, more than 2,000 brown recluses were removed from a heavily infested home in Kansas, yet the four residents who had lived there for years were never harmed.1

When a leg is lost, the brown recluse does not grow a new one in later moults, unlike the huntsman spider.1

Brown recluses do not balloon, which limits how far they can spread across the landscape.1

Males move around more when hunting than females, which tend to stay near their webs.1

Razbijač mitova

Mit: Brown recluses are common in California and the western United States, where they cause many bites.

Istina: The brown recluse has not established itself in California or anywhere outside its native range. Many reported bites there are misdiagnosed, and other spiders are often wrongly identified as brown recluses.1

Za stručnjake za otrove

Znanstveni naziv: Loxosceles reclusa
Skupina: Pauci
Obitelj: Sicariidae2
Redoslijed: Araneae
Kontinenti: Sjeverna Amerika
Mladunci: Each female produces several egg sacs between May and July, with about 50 eggs in each sac. The eggs hatch in about one month, and the young take about a year to reach adulthood.1
Opasnost za ljude: 3 / 5: Ozbiljno3

Odakle su činjenice

Brown recluse spider (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Loxosceles reclusa (iNaturalist): imena i klasifikacija.
Venom Wiki: razina opasnosti, tipična veličina i procijenjena brzina naše su. Pogledaj kako ih izračunavamo: Kako ocjenjujemo opasnost.

Svaka činjenica na ovoj stranici ima broj koji upućuje na njezin izvor. Ako smo nešto pogriješili, oprosti, mi smo ljubitelji životinja, a ne znanstveni časopis. Javi nam na [email protected] i ispravit ćemo to.

Škorpion je gladan! Venom Wiki je projekt jednog čovjeka: besplatan, bez oglasa i bez praćenja. Mala napojnica pomaže da ostane na internetu.Nahrani škorpiona