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Gila monster

Heloderma suspectum

O imenu: "Gila" comes from the Gila River Basin in Arizona and New Mexico, where the lizard was once common. "Heloderma" is Greek for "studded skin".1

Treba liječnikaRijetko smrtonosno, ali ugriz treba pokazati liječniku.

Otrovni gušteri

UgriziJede: Meso

Opasnost za ljude: OzbiljnoUgriz treba pokazati liječniku. Smrtni slučajevi su vrlo rijetki.

The Gila monster is a heavy, slow-moving lizard with a venomous bite. It lives in the south-western United States and the Mexican state of Sonora. It is the only venomous lizard native to the United States, but it rarely poses a real threat to people.1

Živi u

South-western United States and Sonora, Mexico, including Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah and New Mexico1

Sjeverna Amerika

Početna

It lives in scrubland, succulent desert and oak woodland, and shelters in burrows, thickets and under rocks. It spends about 90% of its life underground. It can be seen in puddles after a summer rain.1

Duljina

od 26 cm do 56 cm (od 10,2 in do 1,8 ft)1

Težina

od 550 g do 800 g (od 1,2 lb do 1,8 lb)1

Najveća brzina

oko 2,4 km/h (1,5 mph)

Na kopnu: osoba koja sporo hoda

Što jede?

It eats small mammals, small birds, snakes, lizards, frogs, insects, eggs and carrion. It finds prey by smell, using its forked, black-blue tongue, and it hunts by day or night.1

Fotografija: Gila monster — Gila monster. Fotografija: H. van der Ploeg. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Kako ga prepoznati

Adults are yellow to pink on a black background.1
Hatchlings have a simple, uniform pattern that is less colourful, and it changes over their first 6 months.1
It has a heavy body, a stout snout and a massive head.1
Adults can reach 56 cm in total length.1
Males often have larger, more triangular heads than females.1

Često se miješa s: Its closest relatives are beaded lizards, which live in Mexico and Guatemala. In the United States, the Gila monster is the only venomous lizard.1

Otrovna snaga

Ugrizi

Otrov izlazi kroz očnjake ili zube kad ugrize.

Što radi njegov otrov kad ugrize ili ubode?

The venom is made in glands in the lower jaw and flows along grooves in the lower teeth into the bite. It contains more than a dozen peptides and other substances, which cause pain and swelling. Four potentially lethal toxins have been found, which can cause bleeding inside the organs.1

Koliko je opasno za ljude?

Opasnost za ljude: OzbiljnoUgriz treba pokazati liječniku. Smrtni slučajevi su vrlo rijetki.

The venom is usually not fatal to healthy adults. One death has been confirmed since 1930, on 16 February 2024. Earlier deaths involved adults who were drunk or whose bite was treated badly. Bites are painful and can cause shock, but the lizard is sluggish and rarely a real threat.1

Što radi kad se uplaši?

Its bright colours may warn predators to keep away, because it can inflict pain.1

Ako ugrize

Bites are painful and need emergency medical care, because the venom may cause shock. Get medical help as quickly as possible.1
Operi ranu, smiri osobu i potraži liječničku pomoć.

Uvijek prvo nazovi broj za hitne slučajeve (112, 000, 911). Ovo su opće upute za prvu pomoć, a ne liječnički savjet. Osnove prve pomoći

Ostani na sigurnom

Nikad ne diraj, ne hvataj i ne zadirkuj divlju životinju, čak ni malu, i čak ni ako izgleda kao da spava ili je mrtva.
Ostavi joj prostora. Ako je sretneš, ne paniči, polako se odmakni i pusti je da ode svojim putem.
Ako te neka ugrize: ne paniči, miruj, nazovi broj za hitne slučajeve (112, 000, 911) ili brzo idi u bolnicu. Zapamti kako je izgledala, fotografija pomaže.

Ne želi ti ništa loše. Otrov koristi za lov hrane ili za obranu i mnogo bi se radije sakrilo. Više o sigurnosti

Gdje u svijetu?

Afrika Azija Europa Sjeverna Amerika Južna Amerika Australija i Oceanija

Koliko je veliko?

Koliko je dugo?

Koliko je teško?

teško kao 7 banana

dugo kao 3 banana poredanih u nizudugo kao 18 kockica za slaganje u nizumoglo bi pretrčati 100 metara za 150 sekundi (najbržem čovjeku treba 9,6)

Koliko je Gila monster velika životinja u usporedbi s TOBOM?

Samo matematika u tvom pregledniku. Ništa se ne sprema niti šalje nikamo.

Koliko je brzo?

Kornjača oko 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Gila monster oko 2,4 km/h (1,5 mph)

Osoba koja hoda oko 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

vrijedi znati

Činjenice

Exendin-4, one of the venom's peptides, led to the development of GLP-1 receptor agonists, which treat type 2 diabetes and obesity.1

Young Gila monsters can swallow up to half of their body weight in a single meal.1

It can store fat in its tail and survive a whole season on three to four large meals in spring.1

Its venom is thought to have evolved mainly for defence, because its prey is mostly eggs, small animals and other helpless prey.1

It can climb trees, cacti and fairly straight, rough-surfaced walls.1

Its teeth are replaced throughout its life, and broken teeth are replaced by the teeth behind them.1

Razbijač mitova

Mit: Its bite is always fatal, and its breath is poisonous.

Istina: The venom is usually not fatal to healthy adult humans. One death has been confirmed since 1930.1

Za stručnjake za otrove

Znanstveni naziv: Heloderma suspectum
Skupina: Otrovni gušteri
Obitelj: Helodermatidae2
Redoslijed: Squamata
Kontinenti: Sjeverna Amerika
Mladunci: Females lay eggs after a shed lasting about 2 weeks. Eggs and young are more vulnerable to predators than adults.1
Opasnost za ljude: 3 / 5: Ozbiljno3

Odakle su činjenice

Gila monster (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Heloderma suspectum (iNaturalist): imena i klasifikacija.
Venom Wiki: razina opasnosti, tipična veličina i procijenjena brzina naše su. Pogledaj kako ih izračunavamo: Kako ocjenjujemo opasnost.

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