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Mediterranean recluse

Loxosceles rufescens

O imenu: The specific name rufescens means "reddish", referring to the colour of the species.1

Samo boliBoli, ali ti neće ozbiljno naštetiti.

Pauci

UgriziJede: Kukci

Opasnost za ljude: BolnoMože jako boljeti, ali gotovo nikad nije ozbiljno.

The Mediterranean recluse spider is a small spider that comes from the Mediterranean region. It has spread to many parts of the world through human travel and trade, and it is listed as one of the most invasive spiders in the world. Its bite can cause skin damage, so it is worth knowing what it looks like.1

Živi u

Mediterranean and western Asia; now also Madagascar, south-east Asia, Australia, islands and North America1

Europa, Azija, Afrika

Početna

It usually lives in caves, basements and tunnels, and prefers warm, generally dry weather. Where it is not native, it is often found in damp places such as basements, where it hunts cockroaches and silverfish. In 2021, spiders of this species were found in a university library basement, which led to the library closing for two days.1

Duljina

od 7 mm do 7,5 mm (od 0,3 in do 0,3 in)1

Najveća brzina

oko 0,8 km/h (0,5 mph)

Na kopnu, gruba procjena

Što jede?

It is an active hunter that goes out at night to catch and kill insects, rather than waiting in a web. It mainly targets smaller insects, such as silverfish and cockroaches, because their soft bodies are easier to overcome.1

Fotografija: Mediterranean recluse — Mediterranean recluse. Fotografija: Ludivine Lamare. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Kako ga prepoznati

A medium-sized spider with three pairs of two eyes arranged in a triangle, instead of the usual eight eyes1
A violin-shaped pattern on the front part of the body (cephalothorax)1
Adults of both sexes grow to about 7 to 7.5 cm... no, 7 to 7.5 mm long1
Its web is very thin and fragile, made of silk strands laid in a disorganised way1

Često se miješa s: It is nearly indistinguishable in appearance from the brown recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa). Pest control for one can often be adapted for the other.1

Otrovna snaga

Ugrizi

Otrov izlazi kroz očnjake ili zube kad ugrize.

Što radi njegov otrov kad ugrize ili ubode?

Its venom contains an enzyme called sphingomyelinase D, which causes necrosis, meaning the death of skin and other tissue around the bite. Most cases are medically insignificant. In some cases, penetrating pain starts 2 to 8 hours after the bite, followed by burning, and the area becomes red and painful. A blister may form that turns dark blue with a sunken centre over several days. In rare cases, the blood and kidneys can be damaged, which can lead to kidney failure.1

Koliko je opasno za ljude?

Opasnost za ljude: BolnoMože jako boljeti, ali gotovo nikad nije ozbiljno.

Most bites are medically insignificant, but some people are affected much more seriously. In 2024, the species was blamed for the deaths of two people in Italy.1

Ako ugrize

Operi ugriz i stavi na njega vrećicu leda protiv boli. Potraži liječničku pomoć ako je bol jaka, širi se ili se osoba osjeća loše.

Uvijek prvo nazovi broj za hitne slučajeve (112, 000, 911). Ovo su opće upute za prvu pomoć, a ne liječnički savjet. Osnove prve pomoći

Ostani na sigurnom

Nikad ne diraj, ne hvataj i ne zadirkuj divlju životinju, čak ni malu, i čak ni ako izgleda kao da spava ili je mrtva.
Ostavi joj prostora. Ako je sretneš, ne paniči, polako se odmakni i pusti je da ode svojim putem.
Ako te neka ugrize: ne paniči, miruj, nazovi broj za hitne slučajeve (112, 000, 911) ili brzo idi u bolnicu. Zapamti kako je izgledala, fotografija pomaže.

Ne želi ti ništa loše. Otrov koristi za lov hrane ili za obranu i mnogo bi se radije sakrilo. Više o sigurnosti

Gdje u svijetu?

Afrika Azija Europa Sjeverna Amerika Južna Amerika Australija i Oceanija

Koliko je veliko?

Koliko je dugo?

dovoljno malo da stane na tvoj nokat

Koliko je Mediterranean recluse velika životinja u usporedbi s TOBOM?

Samo matematika u tvom pregledniku. Ništa se ne sprema niti šalje nikamo.

Koliko je brzo?

Kornjača oko 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Mediterranean recluse oko 0,8 km/h (0,5 mph)

Osoba koja hoda oko 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

vrijedi znati

Činjenice

It is listed as one of the most invasive spiders in the world.1

It can survive for long periods without food and water, which makes it hard to control in homes.1

Young spiders shed their skins several times as they grow, and these skins often look pale and ghostly.1

Males hunt more actively than females, partly because they are also searching for a mate.1

Za stručnjake za otrove

Znanstveni naziv: Loxosceles rufescens
Skupina: Pauci
Obitelj: Sicariidae2
Redoslijed: Araneae
Kontinenti: Europa, Azija, Afrika
Mladunci: Egg sacs contain about 40 eggs, which take a few weeks to hatch, depending on the temperature.1
Kako mu ide u divljini: Least Concern (South African National Biodiversity Institute)1
Opasnost za ljude: 2 / 5: Bolno3

Odakle su činjenice

Mediterranean recluse spider (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Loxosceles rufescens (iNaturalist): imena i klasifikacija.
Venom Wiki: razina opasnosti, tipična veličina i procijenjena brzina naše su. Pogledaj kako ih izračunavamo: Kako ocjenjujemo opasnost.

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