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Nose-horned viper

Vipera ammodytes
Tentang namanya: The scientific name ammodytes comes from Greek words meaning 'sand' and 'burrower' or 'diver', even though it prefers rocky places rather than sand.1
Bisa membunuhBisa membunuhmu tanpa pengobatan. Jika ia menggigitmu, segera cari bantuan.
Ular viper dan adder GigitanMakan: Daging
Bahaya bagi manusia: Sangat berbahayaBisa membunuh orang yang tidak diobati.

The nose-horned viper is a venomous snake with a small, soft horn on the tip of its snout. It lives on dry, rocky hillsides in northern Italy, the Balkans and parts of Asia Minor. It is often described as the most dangerous snake in Europe, so it is worth knowing what it looks like.1

Hidup di
Northern Italy, the Balkans, Greece, Turkey, Georgia and Syria, with records in southern Austria, Romania and Bulgaria.1
Eropa, Asia
Beranda
It mainly lives on dry, rocky hillsides with sparse plants. It is sometimes found in woodland edges and clearings, and near people on railway embankments, farmland and vineyards where rubble piles and stone walls are present. At lower latitudes it may be found above 2000 m.1
Panjang
14 cm sampai 85 cm (5,5 in sampai 2,8 ft)1
Kecepatan tertinggi
sekitar 3,5 km/jam (2,2 mph)
Di darat, perkiraan kasar
Apa makanannya?
Adults mainly eat small mammals and birds, and juveniles mostly eat lizards. Larger prey is struck, released, tracked and then swallowed, while smaller prey is swallowed without using the venom.1
Beneran!Foto Nose-horned viper
Nose-horned viper. Foto: Holger Krisp. CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Cara mengenalinya

  • A single small, soft and flexible horn on the snout, about 5 mm long.1
  • Males have a dark blotch or V-shaped marking on the back of the head and a thick black stripe running from behind the eye to the jaw.1
  • Males usually have a black tongue and a golden or coppery iris.1
  • Females are browner, with a less contrasting pattern and no dark blotch on the head.1
  • Both sexes have a dark zigzag stripe along the back, and the tail tip may be yellow, orange, red or green.1

Kekuatan bisa

Gigitan

Bisanya keluar lewat taring atau gigi saat menggigit.

Apa efek bisanya?

The venom has both proteolytic (breaks down tissue) and neurotoxic (attacks the nerves) parts, and it contains blood-clotting agents. Bites cause pain, swelling and discolouration, which may start straight away, and there are also reports of dizziness and tingling. Humans respond rapidly to this venom.1

Seberapa berbahaya bagi manusia?

Bahaya bagi manusia: Sangat berbahayaBisa membunuh orang yang tidak diobati.

It is likely the most dangerous snake found in Europe, and in some areas it is a significant medical risk. The venom is rarely deadly when hospital care is available. It is generally lethargic and not aggressive, and it tends not to bite without considerable provocation.1

Kabar baik: dokter punya obat (antibisa) atau pengobatan untuk ini.1

Apa yang dilakukannya saat takut?

When surprised, some individuals stay still and hiss loudly, some hiss and then flee, and others try to bite immediately.1

Jika ia menggigit

  • Get to a hospital: the venom is rarely deadly when hospital care is available.1
  • Jaga orangnya tetap diam dan tenang, posisikan anggota tubuh yang digigit setinggi jantung, lepaskan cincin dan benda yang ketat, lalu segera ke rumah sakit.

Selalu hubungi nomor darurat dulu (112, 000, 911). Ini panduan pertolongan pertama umum, bukan nasihat medis. Dasar-dasar pertolongan pertama

Tetap aman

  • Jangan pernah menyentuh, menangkap, atau mengganggu hewan liar, walaupun kecil, dan walaupun tampak tidur atau mati.
  • Beri ia ruang. Jika bertemu, tetap tenang, mundur perlahan, dan biarkan ia pergi.
  • Jika ia menggigitmu: tetap tenang, jangan bergerak, hubungi nomor darurat (112, 000, 911) atau segera ke rumah sakit. Ingat seperti apa rupanya, foto sangat membantu.

Ia tidak mengincarmu. Ia memakai bisanya untuk menangkap makanan atau melindungi diri, dan ia jauh lebih suka bersembunyi. Lebih lanjut tentang tetap aman

Di mana di dunia?

AfrikaAsiaEropaAmerika UtaraAmerika SelatanAustralia dan Oseania

Seberapa besar dia?

Seberapa panjang dia?

Nose-horned viper panjangnya sekitar 85 cm (2,8 ft)Kucing peliharaan sekitar 50 cm (1,6 ft)Anjing sekitar 1 m (3,3 ft)
sepanjang 1,5 kucing peliharaan dari hidung ke ekorsepanjang 5 pisang yang dijajarkanbisa menempuh 100 meter dalam 100 detik (manusia tercepat butuh 9,6)

Seberapa besar Nose-horned viper dibandingkan KAMU?

Hanya hitungan di browsermu. Tidak ada yang disimpan atau dikirim ke mana pun.

Seberapa cepat dia?

layak diketahui

Fakta

1

Its venom is used to make antivenin for the bites of other European vipers, and the snake is farmed for this purpose.1

2

Its horn is soft and flexible, not hard like a true horn.1

3

Before mating, males perform a combat dance, similar to that of adders.1

4

On one island, snakes were smaller than elsewhere, which suggests regional or island dwarfism.1

5

It hibernates for two to six months each year, depending on conditions.1

6

It is ovoviviparous, meaning the eggs hatch inside the mother, so the young are born alive.1

Pembongkar mitos

Mitos: Because of its reputation, it is an aggressive snake that bites readily.

Faktanya: It is generally lethargic and not at all aggressive. It tends not to bite without considerable provocation.1

Untuk ahli bisa

Nama ilmiah
Vipera ammodytes
Kelompok
Ular viper dan adder
Keluarga
Viperidae2
Urutan
Squamata
Benua
Eropa, Asia
Anak
It gives birth to live young, with one to twenty born in late summer or autumn (August to October). The young are 14 to 24 cm long at birth.1
Bagaimana keadaannya di alam liar
Strictly protected (Appendix II) under the Berne Convention1
Bahaya bagi manusia
4 / 5: Sangat berbahaya3

Dari mana faktanya berasal

  1. Vipera ammodytes (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Vipera ammodytes (iNaturalist): nama dan klasifikasi.
  3. Venom Wiki: tingkat bahaya, ukuran umum, dan perkiraan kecepatan adalah buatan kami. Lihat cara kami menghitungnya: Cara kami menilai bahaya.

Setiap fakta di halaman ini punya nomor yang menunjuk ke sumbernya. Kalau kami salah, maaf ya, kami penggemar hewan, bukan jurnal ilmiah. Beri tahu kami di [email protected] dan kami akan memperbaikinya.

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