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Southern black widow

Latrodectus mactans

Perlu ke dokterJarang mematikan, tetapi gigitan perlu ke dokter.

GigitanMakan: Daging

Bahaya bagi manusia: SeriusGigitan perlu ke dokter. Kematian sangat jarang.

The southern black widow is a venomous spider that lives in North America. Mature females are shiny black with a red hourglass mark on their underside. Its bite can cause pain and other symptoms, but it is rarely fatal to healthy people.1

Hidup di

Native to North America, mainly the southeastern United States. Also found in Mexico and the Dominican Republic, and established in Hawaii (USA).1

Amerika Utara

Beranda

It builds tangled, three-dimensional cobwebs and waits in a retreat near them. One way it has reached Hawaii is through imported produce.1

Panjang

8 mm sampai 1,3 cm (0,3 in sampai 0,5 in)1

Kecepatan tertinggi

sekitar 0,98 km/jam (0,61 mph)

Di darat, perkiraan kasar

Apa makanannya?

It eats a variety of insects, and also woodlice, millipedes, centipedes and other spiders. When prey is caught in its web, it rushes out, wraps the prey tightly in silk, and bites it. It then releases digestive enzymes into the wound and carries the prey back to its retreat to feed.1

Foto Southern black widow — Southern black widow. Foto: unknown. CC BY 2.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Cara mengenalinya

Mature females are shiny black, with a red hourglass-shaped mark on the underside of a very rounded abdomen.1
Many females have an orange or red patch on the top of the abdomen, just above the spinnerets.1
Mature females have a body length of 8–13 mm, not counting the legs. Males are 3–6 mm.1
Juveniles look very different. They have a grey to black abdomen with white stripes across it, spotted with yellow and orange.1
Males are either purple, or look more like the juveniles.1

Sering tertukar dengan: It is often confused with the false widows (genus Steatoda) and with the closely related northern (L. variolus) and western (L. hesperus) black widows.1

Kekuatan bisa

Gigitan

Bisanya keluar lewat taring atau gigi saat menggigit.

Apa efek bisanya?

The venom contains alpha-latrotoxin, a neurotoxic venom that attacks the nerves. It causes pain and other symptoms, which are collectively called latrodectism.1

Seberapa berbahaya bagi manusia?

Bahaya bagi manusia: SeriusGigitan perlu ke dokter. Kematian sangat jarang.

Deaths in healthy adults are exceedingly rare. No deaths were reported among 23,409 documented Latrodectus bites in the US from 2000 to 2008, though about 2,000 bites happen each year. Only mature females can bite people.1

Kabar baik: dokter punya obat (antibisa) atau pengobatan untuk ini.1

Jika ia menggigit

Cuci gigitan dan kompres dengan es untuk meredakan nyeri. Cari bantuan medis jika nyerinya kuat, menyebar, atau orangnya merasa tidak enak badan.

Selalu hubungi nomor darurat dulu (112, 000, 911). Ini panduan pertolongan pertama umum, bukan nasihat medis. Dasar-dasar pertolongan pertama

Tetap aman

Jangan pernah menyentuh, menangkap, atau mengganggu hewan liar, walaupun kecil, dan walaupun tampak tidur atau mati.
Beri ia ruang. Jika bertemu, tetap tenang, mundur perlahan, dan biarkan ia pergi.
Jika ia menggigitmu: tetap tenang, jangan bergerak, hubungi nomor darurat (112, 000, 911) atau segera ke rumah sakit. Ingat seperti apa rupanya, foto sangat membantu.

Ia tidak mengincarmu. Ia memakai bisanya untuk menangkap makanan atau melindungi diri, dan ia jauh lebih suka bersembunyi. Lebih lanjut tentang tetap aman

Di mana di dunia?

Afrika Asia Eropa Amerika Utara Amerika Selatan Australia dan Oseania

Seberapa besar dia?

Seberapa panjang dia?

cukup kecil untuk duduk di kukumu

Seberapa besar Southern black widow dibandingkan KAMU?

Hanya hitungan di browsermu. Tidak ada yang disimpan atau dikirim ke mana pun.

Seberapa cepat dia?

Kura-kura darat sekitar 0,3 km/jam (0,19 mph)

Southern black widow sekitar 0,98 km/jam (0,61 mph)

Orang yang berjalan sekitar 5 km/jam (3,1 mph)

layak diketahui

Fakta

In 1933, Allan Blair let himself be bitten by one of these spiders to study its venom in humans and to convince sceptics that it could be dangerous.1

Females will occasionally eat their mates after reproduction.1

Only mature females can bite people. Their hollow, needle-like mouthparts are about 1 mm long, which is long enough to inject venom into people.1

The brown widow (Latrodectus geometricus) competes with black widows for territory. In areas where they share space, it can displace them.1

Males live only about three to four months, while females can live for up to three years.1

Pembongkar mitos

Mitos: A black widow bite is usually fatal.

Faktanya: Black widow bites are rarely fatal to healthy people. No deaths from the US species were reported among 23,409 documented bites from 2000 to 2008.1

Untuk ahli bisa

Nama ilmiah: Latrodectus mactans
Kelompok: Laba-laba
Keluarga: Theridiidae2
Urutan: Araneae
Benua: Amerika Utara
Anak: A female can produce four to nine egg sacs in one summer, each holding about 100–400 eggs, which she guards in a silken container.1
Umur: sekitar 3 tahun1
Bahaya bagi manusia: 3 / 5: Serius3

Dari mana faktanya berasal

Latrodectus mactans (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Latrodectus mactans (iNaturalist): nama dan klasifikasi.
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