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Eastern brown snake

Pseudonaja textilis

名前について： The species name textilis was inspired by the fine-meshed pattern on the snake's body, which reminded its first describer of fine stockings.1

命にかかわる地球でいちばん命にかかわる動物のひとつ。かまれたら、すぐに助けを呼ぼう。すぐの手当てと抗毒素で、ほとんどの人は助かるよ。すぐに救急番号に電話しよう。

オーストラリアのヘビ

かむ食べもの：肉

人への危険: 命にかかわる世界でいちばん危険な動物のひとつ。

The eastern brown snake is a slender snake that lives across eastern and central Australia and in southern New Guinea. It is one of the most venomous land snakes in the world, so it is important to know what it looks like. It often lives near farms and the edges of towns, where it hunts house mice.1

すんでいる場所

Eastern and central Australia, and southern New Guinea1

オーストラリアとオセアニア

ホーム

It lives in most habitats except dense forests, including dry forests, grasslands, scrub, farmland and the outskirts of cities. It is often found near houses and farms, where it uses rubbish, sheets of corrugated iron, buildings, rocks, burrows and cracks in the ground for shelter.1

長さ

2.4 m (7.9 ft)1

最高速度

時速約7.8 km（時速4.8マイル）

陸で, おおまかな予想

何を食べるの？

Its diet is mainly rodents, and its main prey is the house mouse. This is one reason it is often found near houses and farms.1

Eastern brown snakeの写真 — Eastern brown snake。写真：Matt。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

見分け方

Slender build, with no clear line between the head and neck.1
Upper parts range from pale brown to black, and sometimes orange or russet.1
Underside is pale cream or yellow, often with orange, brown or dark grey blotches.1
Young snakes usually have a black head and may have dark bands or a pattern across the body. These markings fade as the snake grows.1
Inside of the mouth is flesh-pink.1

よくまちがえられるのは： Large eastern brown snakes are often confused with mulga snakes, which share their habitat in many areas; they can be told apart by head size. Its yellowish underparts separate it from the dugite and peninsula brown snake, which are entirely brown or have grey underparts. Young eastern brown snakes have head markings similar to red-naped snakes, grey snakes, Dwyer's snakes and curl snakes.1

毒パワー

かむ

かむときに、毒が牙や歯から出るよ。

その毒（かむ・刺す毒）はどうなるの？

Its venom mainly affects the circulatory system, which carries blood around the body. The main effects are coagulopathy (a problem with blood clotting), haemorrhage (bleeding), cardiovascular collapse (the heart and blood vessels failing) and cardiac arrest (the heart stopping). One of the main components is pseutarin-C, a prothrombinase complex that breaks down prothrombin, a substance needed for blood to clot.1

人にとってどれくらい危険？

人への危険: 命にかかわる世界でいちばん危険な動物のひとつ。

It is considered the world's second-most venomous land snake after the inland taipan, based on laboratory tests in mice.1

かまれたら

圧迫固定法：かまれたところの上から、しっかりした伸びる包帯をまき、そのまま手足全体にまき上げ、添え木で固定して、助けが来るまでその人をまったく動かさないようにしよう。
かまれたところを洗わないで。皮ふに残った毒を病院で調べて、合った抗毒素をえらべるから。

まず必ず救急番号（112、000、911）に電話しよう。これは一般的な応急手当の案内で、医療のアドバイスではないよ。応急手当の基本

安全に過ごそう

野生の動物には、小さくても、ねているように見えても、死んでいるように見えても、ぜったいにさわったり、つかまえたり、からかったりしないこと。
近づかないで。出会ったら落ちついて、ゆっくりあとずさりして、そのまま行かせてあげよう。
かまれたら：落ちついて、じっとして、救急番号（112、000、911）に電話するか、急いで病院へ行こう。見た目をおぼえておいてね。写真があると役に立つよ。

きみをねらっているわけじゃないよ。毒はエサをとったり身を守ったりするために使うだけで、本当はかくれていたいんだ。安全に過ごすためにもっと知ろう

世界のどこ？

アフリカアジアヨーロッパ北アメリカ南アメリカオーストラリアとオセアニア

どれくらい大きい？

どれくらい長い？

飼いネコ5匹を鼻からしっぽまでならべた長さバナナ13本をたてにならべた長さ100 mを46秒で走れる（いちばん速い人間は9.6秒）

Eastern brown snakeは、きみとくらべてどれくらい大きい？

ブラウザで計算しているだけ。何も保存されないし、どこにも送られないよ。

どれくらい速い？

歩いている人 時速約5 km (3.1 mph)

Eastern brown snake 時速約7.8 km (4.8 mph)

自転車に乗った子ども 時速約12 km (7.5 mph)

知っておく価値あり

データ

In December 2023, an eastern brown snake paused a match at the Brisbane International tennis tournament for 40 minutes until a professional snake catcher removed it.1

In winter, it brumates (goes into a state of rest like hibernation). Groups have been found sheltering under concrete slabs of houses in Sydney.1

Its fangs are small compared with other Australian venomous snakes, averaging 2.8 mm and reaching up to 4 mm in larger specimens.1

Within its genus, it has the largest number of chromosomes, at 38 in its cells.1

Local Aboriginal peoples in Sydney, the Illawarra and the Wiradjuri region had their own names for it, and the Dharawal and Awabakal held ceremonies for it.1

うそ・ほんとう

うそ： Young and adult brown snakes are different species.

ほんとう： Early scientists thought they were different because their markings differ. Later research showed that the markings of young snakes fade as they grow, and all these forms are the same species.1