Giant leaf frog

Its skin secretion is known as Vacina do sapo, or frog vaccine, and is used in a ritual called kambo or sapo.1

Up to 61% of the eggs of the giant leaf frog are eaten by predators.1

Males fight rivals for mating rights by using their heads to separate a rival male from a female, and by pushing with their hind legs.1

Males are more likely to be targeted by predators during mating season, because their loud fights can be heard easily.1

Eggs are eaten by rove beetles, phorid flies, possibly tufted capuchins and banded cat-eyed snakes, because they are a source of protein.1