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Common lancehead

Bothrops atrox

이름에 대해: The name fer-de-lance comes from French and means 'head of a lance' or 'spearhead'. The Spanish name barba amarilla means 'yellow beard', after the pale-yellow chin.1

치명적지구에서 가장 치명적인 동물 중 하나야. 물리면 당장 도움을 불러.빠른 도움과 항독소로 대부분의 사람은 살아. 당장 응급 번호에 전화해.

살무사류(구멍뱀)

물어먹이: 고기

사람에게 위험한 정도: 치명적세계에서 가장 위험한 동물 중 하나야.

The common lancehead is a highly venomous pit viper that lives in the tropical lowlands of northern South America and on the Caribbean island of Trinidad. It is one of the most common pit vipers in its range and is not endangered. Its venom disrupts blood clotting, which makes its bite especially serious.1

사는 곳

Tropical lowlands of northern South America east of the Andes, and the Caribbean island of Trinidad1

남아메리카

홈

It is mostly found on the ground and prefers wet forests. In Trinidad it lives from sea level up to 940 m. It is also met in coffee and banana plantations, where it hunts rodents and where workers are often bitten.1

길이

75 cm~1.6 m (2.5 ft~5.3 ft)1

최고 속도

약 3.9 km/h (2.4 mph)

땅에서, 대략적인 추측

뭘 먹을까?

It mainly eats small mammals such as rodents and opossums, and birds, but also takes frogs, lizards, smaller snakes, fish, crayfish, centipedes and tarantulas. Larger prey is struck and released, then tracked down by its scent trail.1

Common lancehead 사진 — Common lancehead. 사진: Alexandre S. Michelotto. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

알아보는 법

Ground colour is olive, brown, tan, grey or yellow, and rarely rusty.1
The body pattern is a series of blotches that often fuse into bands. The markings are X-like, which is why some local names refer to the letter X.1
The chin is pale yellow, and a dark stripe runs from behind the eye to the corner of the mouth.1
The irises are gold or bronze, and the tongue is black.1
Adults usually measure 75 to 125 cm in total length and are moderately heavy-bodied.1

자주 헷갈리는 동물: It is often confused with Bothrops asper, which was once included in this species. Most authorities now consider B. asper to be a separate species. This confusion also makes reports of its maximum size unclear.1

독의 힘

물어

물 때 독니나 이빨로 독이 나와.

이 독(물거나 쏘는 독)은 어떤 작용을 할까?

Its venom is haemorrhagic, meaning it damages the lining of blood vessels and uses up the substances that allow blood to clot. Symptoms can include severe bleeding, kidney failure, abnormal clotting, blisters and necrosis (death of body tissue). Bleeding in the brain can also occur. Recovery from the clotting problem has been seen 14 to 30 hours after a bite.1

사람에게 얼마나 위험할까?

사람에게 위험한 정도: 치명적세계에서 가장 위험한 동물 중 하나야.

The bite is serious and can be fatal. Plantation workers are often bitten. Juvenile snakes have more lethal venom that kills more quickly, and people bitten by young snakes are more likely to develop the clotting problem. In a case reported in the Brazilian Amazon, the patient died of a stroke even after antivenom was given. A Mexican polyvalent antivenom tested against it had no effect on the clotting problem.1

무서울 때 어떻게 할까?

It is easily agitated, and it can lie camouflaged for hours, nearly undetectable, then strike at high speed.1

물면

그 사람을 가만히, 침착하게 있게 하고, 물린 팔이나 다리를 심장 높이에 두고, 반지와 조이는 것을 빼고, 빨리 병원에 가.

언제나 먼저 응급 번호(112, 000, 911)에 전화해. 이건 일반적인 응급처치 안내이고, 의학적 조언이 아니야. 응급처치 기본

안전하게 지내

야생 동물은 작더라도, 자거나 죽은 것처럼 보이더라도 절대 만지거나, 잡거나, 괴롭히지 마.
거리를 둬. 마주치면 침착하게 천천히 뒤로 물러나서 제 갈 길을 가게 해 줘.
물렸다면: 침착하게, 가만히 있고, 응급 번호(112, 000, 911)에 전화하거나 빨리 병원에 가. 생김새를 기억해 둬. 사진이 있으면 도움이 돼.

너를 노리는 게 아니야. 독은 먹이를 잡거나 자기를 지키려고 쓰는 거고, 사실은 숨는 걸 훨씬 좋아해. 안전하게 지내는 법 더 보기

세계 어디에?

아프리카 아시아 유럽 북아메리카 남아메리카 호주와 오세아니아

얼마나 클까?

얼마나 길까?

집고양이 3마리를 코부터 꼬리까지 이어 놓은 길이바나나 9개를 끝과 끝을 이어 놓은 길이100미터를 92초에 갈 수 있어(가장 빠른 사람은 9.6초)

Common lancehead, 너와 비교하면 얼마나 클까?

브라우저에서 계산만 해. 아무것도 저장되거나 어디로도 보내지지 않아.

얼마나 빠를까?

육지거북 약 0.3 km/h (0.19 mph)

Common lancehead 약 3.9 km/h (2.4 mph)

걷는 사람 약 5 km/h (3.1 mph)

알아 둘 만해

사실

An enzyme called reptilase, or batroxobin, is taken from its venom and used in modern medical laboratories to measure fibrinogen levels and blood clotting. The enzyme is not affected by heparin.1

Although it is mostly terrestrial, it is an excellent swimmer and will climb trees when needed to reach prey.1

Females with developing embryos move in and out of sunlight to keep themselves and the embryos at a constant temperature.1

Venom yield averages 124 milligrams, but can reach 342 milligrams.1

Despite the large-scale destruction of rainforests, it is among the most numerous and common of pit vipers.1

독 전문가를 위해

학명: Bothrops atrox
무리: 살무사류(구멍뱀)
가족: Viperidae2
정렬: Squamata
대륙: 남아메리카
아기: It gives birth to live young, up to 80 at once, with an average of about 60 per litter in equatorial regions after a gestation of three to four months.1
야생에서의 상태: Not endangered1
사람에게 위험한 정도: 5 / 5: 치명적3