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European hornet

Vespa crabro

그냥 아파아프지만 크게 해치지는 않아.

쏘아먹이: 고기

사람에게 위험한 정도: 아픔정말 아플 수 있지만, 심각한 경우는 거의 없어.

The European hornet is the largest wasp that lives in Europe. It is a true hornet, and it is the only one of its kind found in North America, where it was introduced from Europe. It is best known for its large paper nests and its striking reddish wings and striped abdomen.1

사는 곳

Eurasia, from Japan to the United Kingdom; introduced to North America and found as far south as Guatemala1

유럽, 아시아

홈

It prefers to nest in dark places, usually hollow tree trunks, and its paper nests are often hidden by a surrounding envelope. In autumn, it can be found hovering around garbage cans and picnic areas.1

길이

2.5 cm~3.5 cm (1 in~1.4 in)1

몸무게

420 mg~540 mg (0 oz~0 oz)1

최고 속도

약 33 km/h (21 mph)

날기, 대략적인 추측

뭘 먹을까?

It is largely carnivorous and hunts large insects such as beetles, wasps, large moths, dragonflies and mantises. It also feeds on fallen fruit and other sugary food.1

European hornet 사진 — European hornet. 사진: katunchik. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

알아보는 법

Eyes deeply indented and shaped like a "C"1
Reddish-orange wings1
Abdomen striped with brown and yellow1
Workers average about 2.5 cm long; queens can reach about 3.5 cm1
Has hair on the thorax and abdomen, but is not as hairy as most bees1

자주 헷갈리는 동물: It is often mistaken for the Asian giant hornet because of its colours and abdomen pattern. The European hornet is significantly smaller than the Asian giant hornet, and it is larger than most common wasps, such as Vespula vulgaris.1

독의 힘

쏘아

독은 침으로 나와.

이 독(물거나 쏘는 독)은 어떤 작용을 할까?

Its venom contains neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, histamine and noradrenaline, along with enzymes, proteins such as melittin and bradykinin, and a neurotoxin called apamin, which attacks the nerves. In one documented case, a person developed tingling at the sting, headaches and shortness of breath, along with a fast, irregular heartbeat.1

사람에게 얼마나 위험할까?

사람에게 위험한 정도: 아픔정말 아플 수 있지만, 심각한 경우는 거의 없어.

Most stings do not need medical attention, but in rare cases they can be serious. In one documented case the victim needed hospital treatment, though that person may have been unusually sensitive to hornet and wasp stings.1

무서울 때 어떻게 할까?

It stings when it is stepped on or grabbed and is defensive of its nest, and it may sting without warning when near its nest or food. When alarmed, it performs a dance outside the nest with loud buzzing, darting in and out, and attacking or approaching the target.1

쏘면

Most stings do not require medical attention. In rare serious cases, hospital treatment is needed; in one documented case, electrical cardioversion or the drug propafenone were effective treatments for the heart reactions.1
벌침은 긁어서 빼내고 그 자리를 식혀.
그 사람이 숨쉬기 힘들거나, 얼굴이나 목이 붓거나, 쓰러질 것 같다면 알레르기 응급 상황이야: 응급 번호에 전화하고, 그 사람에게 에피네프린 자가주사기(에피펜)가 있으면 사용해.

언제나 먼저 응급 번호(112, 000, 911)에 전화해. 이건 일반적인 응급처치 안내이고, 의학적 조언이 아니야. 응급처치 기본

안전하게 지내

야생 동물은 작더라도, 자거나 죽은 것처럼 보이더라도 절대 만지거나, 잡거나, 괴롭히지 마.
거리를 둬. 마주치면 침착하게 천천히 뒤로 물러나서 제 갈 길을 가게 해 줘.
쏘였다면: 침착하게, 가만히 있고, 응급 번호(112, 000, 911)에 전화하거나 빨리 병원에 가. 생김새를 기억해 둬. 사진이 있으면 도움이 돼.

너를 노리는 게 아니야. 독은 먹이를 잡거나 자기를 지키려고 쓰는 거고, 사실은 숨는 걸 훨씬 좋아해. 안전하게 지내는 법 더 보기

세계 어디에?

아프리카 아시아 유럽 북아메리카 남아메리카 호주와 오세아니아

얼마나 클까?

얼마나 길까?

얼마나 무거울까?

클립보다 가벼워

클립 정도의 길이손에 올려도 느껴지지 않을 만큼 가벼워축구장 하나를 11초 만에 날아서 건널 수 있어

European hornet, 너와 비교하면 얼마나 클까?

브라우저에서 계산만 해. 아무것도 저장되거나 어디로도 보내지지 않아.

얼마나 빠를까?

집파리 약 7 km/h (4.4 mph)

European hornet 약 33 km/h (21 mph)

전력 질주하는 사람 약 37 km/h (23 mph)

알아 둘 만해

사실

It is known to steal prey from spiders. This was first documented in 2011, when one took a wrapped insect from a yellow garden spider's web.1

It is the largest eusocial wasp native to Europe.1

Only females have a stinger, because it is a modified egg-laying device. Males cannot sting.1

In Germany, killing a European hornet or destroying its nest has been illegal since 1 January 1987, with a fine of up to €50,000, though fines are rarely imposed.1

It is the only true hornet found in North America, where it was introduced from Europe as early as 1840.1

오해 바로잡기

오해: European hornets are aggressive and will attack people for no reason.

진실: It generally avoids conflict. It stings mainly when it is stepped on or grabbed, or when its nest or food is threatened.1

독 전문가를 위해

학명: Vespa crabro
무리: 벌, 말벌, 장수말벌
가족: Vespidae2
정렬: Hymenoptera
대륙: 유럽, 아시아
아기: The queen lays eggs in the combs inside the nest. In laboratory data, egg-laying averaged 2.31 eggs per day.1
야생에서의 상태: Locally threatened or endangered in some areas1
사람에게 위험한 정도: 2 / 5: 아픔3