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Short-tail stingray

Bathytoshia brevicaudata

이름에 대해: The scientific name Bathytoshia brevicaudata comes from the Latin words brevis (short) and cauda (tail), which refer to its short tail.1

목숨을 앗아갈 수 있음치료받지 않으면 목숨을 잃을 수 있어. 쏘이면 빨리 도움을 받아.

독 있는 물고기

쏘아먹이: 고기

사람에게 위험한 정도: 매우 위험치료를 받지 못하면 사람의 목숨을 앗아갈 수 있어.

The short-tail stingray is one of the largest stingrays in the world. It lives in temperate seas off southern Africa, southern Australia and New Zealand, mostly on or near the sea floor. It is not aggressive, but its long venomous sting can cause a serious wound if the ray is startled.1

사는 곳

Temperate waters of the Southern Hemisphere: southern Africa, southern Australia, including Tasmania, and New Zealand1

인도양, 태평양, 산호해

홈

It lives on the bottom in estuaries, sheltered bays, sandy flats, rocky reefs and the outer continental shelf, and sometimes swims up into open water. Off southern Africa it is usually found offshore, at depths of 180 to 480 m. Off Australia and New Zealand it can be found from the intertidal zone down to 156 m. At Hamelin Bay in Western Australia, many rays gather where visitors hand-feed them fish scraps.1

길이

4.3 m (14 ft)1

몸무게

350 kg (772 lb)1

최고 속도

약 30 km/h (19 mph)

수영, 대략적인 추측

뭘 먹을까?

It eats bony fishes and invertebrates such as molluscs and crustaceans, including burrowing species. It finds buried bivalves and spoon worms by detecting the tiny water jets they produce, then sucks them out of the sediment. It also eats open-water animals such as salps and hyperiid amphipods.1

Short-tail stingray 사진 — Short-tail stingray. 사진: Alpha from Melbourne, Australia. CC BY-SA 2.0, Wikimedia Commons.

알아보는 법

Diamond-shaped, heavy disc that is smooth, with no scales (dermal denticles) on the disc even in adults1
Plain grey-brown back, darkening towards the tail and above the eyes, with a line of white pores on either side of the head1
Whitish underside, darkening towards the edges of the fins1
Tail usually shorter than the disc, thick at the base, with one or two serrated stinging spines about halfway along it1
Adults have a row of large, spear-like thorns in front of the sting1

자주 헷갈리는 동물: The pitted stingray (Dasyatis matsubarai) of the northwestern Pacific looks similar but is smaller. Records of this species from northern Australia and Thailand are thought to be other rays that were misidentified.1

독의 힘

쏘아

독은 침으로 나와.

이 독(물거나 쏘는 독)은 어떤 작용을 할까?

Its sting is venomous. The mucous sheath covering the sting contains a toxin that causes necrosis, which means the death of body tissue. The most dangerous injuries involve damage to a vital organ, heavy blood loss, or secondary infection (sepsis) or tetanus.1

사람에게 얼마나 위험할까?

사람에게 위험한 정도: 매우 위험치료를 받지 못하면 사람의 목숨을 앗아갈 수 있어.

The short-tail stingray is not aggressive, but if startled or harassed it can inflict a serious and even fatal wound. Its sting can be over 30 cm long and can penetrate most footwear, including kevlar bootees. It is responsible for most stingray injuries off New Zealand, including the death of Australian naturalist Steve Irwin, who was pierced in the chest by its barbed tail.1

무서울 때 어떻게 할까?

When threatened, it raises its tail over its back like a scorpion, and a startled ray can leap through the water and strike with its tail.1

쏘면

상처를 뜨거운 물에 담가. 데지 않는 선에서 그 사람이 견딜 수 있을 만큼 뜨겁게(네 손으로 먼저 확인해), 30분에서 90분 동안. 의료 도움을 받아. 특히 스톤피시와 가오리라면 꼭.

언제나 먼저 응급 번호(112, 000, 911)에 전화해. 이건 일반적인 응급처치 안내이고, 의학적 조언이 아니야. 응급처치 기본

안전하게 지내

야생 동물은 작더라도, 자거나 죽은 것처럼 보이더라도 절대 만지거나, 잡거나, 괴롭히지 마.
거리를 둬. 마주치면 침착하게 천천히 뒤로 물러나서 제 갈 길을 가게 해 줘.
쏘였다면: 침착하게, 가만히 있고, 응급 번호(112, 000, 911)에 전화하거나 빨리 병원에 가. 생김새를 기억해 둬. 사진이 있으면 도움이 돼.

너를 노리는 게 아니야. 독은 먹이를 잡거나 자기를 지키려고 쓰는 거고, 사실은 숨는 걸 훨씬 좋아해. 안전하게 지내는 법 더 보기

세계 어디에?

아프리카 아시아 유럽 북아메리카 남아메리카 호주와 오세아니아 태평양 인도양 산호해

얼마나 클까?

얼마나 길까?

얼마나 무거울까?

개 18마리만큼 무거워

개 4마리를 코부터 꼬리까지 이어 놓은 길이바나나 24개를 끝과 끝을 이어 놓은 길이큰 수영장(50 m) 길이를 6초 만에 헤엄칠 수 있어

Short-tail stingray, 너와 비교하면 얼마나 클까?

브라우저에서 계산만 해. 아무것도 저장되거나 어디로도 보내지지 않아.

얼마나 빠를까?

올림픽 수영 선수 약 8 km/h (5 mph)

Short-tail stingray 약 30 km/h (19 mph)

전속력으로 헤엄치는 돌고래 약 35 km/h (22 mph)

알아 둘 만해

사실

It can flap its pectoral fins with enough force to make a loud audible 'bang' in the water, although it is usually slow-moving.1

It is one of the largest stingrays in the world, and reliable observers off New Zealand have reported individuals almost 3 m across.1

Captive experiments suggest it can detect magnetic fields, which may help it navigate.1

Every summer, large groups gather under the rocky archways of the Poor Knights Islands off New Zealand, where both mating and birthing have been seen.1

Captive females have been observed mating with up to three different males in succession.1

독 전문가를 위해

학명: Bathytoshia brevicaudata
무리: 독 있는 물고기
가족: Dasyatidae2
정렬: Myliobatiformes
대륙: 인도양, 태평양, 산호해, 대양
아기: It gives birth to live young. Females usually have litters of 6 to 10 pups in summer, and newborns measure 32 to 36 cm across.1
야생에서의 상태: Least Concern (IUCN)1
사람에게 위험한 정도: 4 / 5: 매우 위험3