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Spider-tailed horned viper

Pseudocerastes urarachnoides

ກ່ຽວກັບຊື່: The scientific name comes from Ancient Greek words meaning tail, spider and 'like', because of its spider-like tail tip.1

ຕ້ອງໄປຫາໝໍບໍ່ຄ່ອຍເຖິງຕາຍ, ແຕ່ຖ້າຖືກມັນກັດ ຕ້ອງໄປຫາໝໍ

ງູໄວເປີ ແລະ ງູແອດເດີ

ກັດກິນ: ຊີ້ນ

ອັນຕະລາຍຕໍ່ຄົນ: ຮ້າຍແຮງຖ້າຖືກມັນກັດ ຕ້ອງໄປຫາໝໍ ການເສຍຊີວິດເກີດຂຶ້ນໜ້ອຍຫຼາຍ

The spider-tailed horned viper is a venomous snake with a tail tip that looks like a spider. It lives only in the mountains of western Iran and the nearby eastern part of Iraq. It wiggles its tail to lure birds close enough to catch.1

ອາໄສຢູ່ໃນ

Western Iran and the eastern part of Iraq, near the Iran-Iraq border, mainly on the western side of the Zagros Mountains1

ອາຊີ

ໜ້າຫຼັກ

It lives at higher elevations, mostly on rocky ground made of gypsum, and prefers deep cracks and holes in the rock. These spots trap humidity and moisture during hot summers. During the day it is most often found in the shade of a shrub.1

ຄວາມຍາວ

60 cm (2 ft)3

ຂະໜາດທົ່ວໄປຂອງໂຕໃຫຍ່

ຄວາມໄວສູງສຸດ

ປະມານ 3,4 ກມ/ຊມ (2,1 ໄມລ໌/ຊມ)

ເທິງບົກ, ການຄາດຄະເນຄ່າວໆ

ມັນກິນຫຍັງ?

It eats birds, including the Isabelline shrike and several warbler species. It waves the tip of its tail in a figure-of-eight pattern to lure insect-eating birds within striking range.1

ຮູບຂອງ Spider-tailed horned viper — Spider-tailed horned viper ຮູບ: Omid Mozaffari Public domain, Wikimedia Commons.

ວິທີສັງເກດມັນ

The scales above each eye rise up into small horns.1
About 16 to 17 scales sit between the horns.1
The bulb-shaped tail tip is bordered by long, drooping scales that look like spider legs.1
The scales on the body are rougher than those of other species in its genus.1
It has 15 pairs of subcaudal scales (the scales on the underside of the tail).1

ມັກສັບສົນກັບ: It looks very similar to other Pseudocerastes vipers in the region, especially around the head. The unusual, spider-like tail tip is the feature that sets it apart.1

ພະລັງພິດ

ກັດ

ພິດອອກມາທາງເຂ້ຍ ຫຼື ແຂ້ວຂອງມັນ ເວລາມັນກັດ

ພິດທີ່ມັນປ່ອຍອອກມາເຮັດຫຍັງ?

Its venom mainly acts as a cytotoxin, which destroys cells across a wide variety of cell types, and it has minor neurotoxic effects, which attack the nerves. It is a procoagulant, meaning it makes blood clot, and reports describe clotting in about 13 seconds. The venom affects birds most strongly, and also affects mammals and amphibians. A 2021 study by Brouw found it has a coagulant effect on humans and affects Factor X, a protein needed for blood clotting.1

ມັນອັນຕະລາຍຕໍ່ຄົນປານໃດ?

No human bite has ever been recorded in the wild. How severe its effects would be on people is not known.1

ຖ້າມັນກັດ

ໃຫ້ຜູ້ປ່ວຍຢູ່ນິ້ງໆ ແລະ ໃຈເຢັນ, ໃຫ້ແຂນ ຫຼື ຂາທີ່ຖືກກັດຢູ່ລະດັບດຽວກັບຫົວໃຈ, ຖອດແຫວນ ແລະ ສິ່ງທີ່ຮັດແໜ້ນອອກ, ແລະ ໄປໂຮງໝໍໃຫ້ໄວ

ໂທຫາເບີສຸກເສີນກ່ອນສະເໝີ (112, 000, 911) ນີ້ແມ່ນຄຳແນະນຳການປະຖົມພະຍາບານທົ່ວໄປ, ບໍ່ແມ່ນຄຳແນະນຳທາງການແພດ ພື້ນຖານການປະຖົມພະຍາບານ

ຢູ່ຢ່າງປອດໄພ

ຢ່າຈັບ, ຢ່າຈັບເອົາ ຫຼື ຢ່າຫຍອກສັດປ່າເດັດຂາດ, ເຖິງແມ່ນມັນໂຕນ້ອຍ ແລະ ເຖິງແມ່ນມັນເບິ່ງຄືນອນຫຼັບ ຫຼື ຕາຍແລ້ວ
ໃຫ້ພື້ນທີ່ມັນ ຖ້າເຈົ້າພົບມັນ, ໃຈເຢັນໄວ້, ຖອຍຫຼັງຊ້າໆ ແລະ ປ່ອຍໃຫ້ມັນໄປທາງຂອງມັນ
ຖ້າມີໂຕໃດກັດເຈົ້າ: ໃຈເຢັນໄວ້, ຢູ່ນິ້ງໆ, ໂທຫາເບີສຸກເສີນ (112, 000, 911) ຫຼື ໄປໂຮງໝໍໃຫ້ໄວ ຈື່ໄວ້ວ່າມັນມີລັກສະນະແນວໃດ, ຮູບຖ່າຍຊ່ວຍໄດ້

ມັນບໍ່ໄດ້ຢາກທຳຮ້າຍເຈົ້າ ມັນໃຊ້ພິດເພື່ອຈັບອາຫານ ຫຼື ເພື່ອປ້ອງກັນຕົວ, ແລະ ມັນມັກລີ້ຫຼາຍກວ່າ ເພີ່ມເຕີມກ່ຽວກັບການຢູ່ຢ່າງປອດໄພ

ຢູ່ໃສໃນໂລກ?

ອາຟຣິກາ ອາຊີ ເອີຣົບ ອາເມລິກາເໜືອ ອາເມລິກາໃຕ້ອົດສະຕຣາລີ ແລະ ໂອເຊຍເນຍ

ມັນໃຫຍ່ປານໃດ?

ມັນຍາວປານໃດ?

ຍາວເທົ່າກ້ວຍ 3 ໜ່ວຍຕໍ່ກັນແລ່ນ 100 ແມັດໄດ້ໃນ 110 ວິນາທີ (ຄົນທີ່ໄວທີ່ສຸດໃຊ້ 9.6)

Spider-tailed horned viper ໃຫຍ່ປານໃດ ເມື່ອທຽບກັບເຈົ້າ?

ພຽງແຕ່ຄິດໄລ່ໃນບຣາວເຊີຂອງເຈົ້າ ບໍ່ມີຫຍັງຖືກບັນທຶກ ຫຼື ສົ່ງໄປບ່ອນໃດ

ມັນໄວປານໃດ?

ເຕົ່າບົກ ປະມານ 0,3 ກມ/ຊມ (0,19 mph)

Spider-tailed horned viper ປະມານ 3,4 ກມ/ຊມ (2,1 mph)

ຄົນຍ່າງ ປະມານ 5 ກມ/ຊມ (3,1 mph)

ຄວນຮູ້

ຂໍ້ມູນ

Its tail is moved in a figure-of-eight pattern, and it moves faster when birds are nearby. Field studies have confirmed that this is a lure and not random movement.1

Footage of it luring migrating birds appears in the Asia episode of the BBC series Seven Worlds, One Planet, narrated by David Attenborough.1

A digested lark was found in the stomach of one of the specimens used to describe the species, supporting the idea that the tail lures birds.1

Its tail tip is a form of aggressive mimicry, where a predator looks like something else to attract its prey.1

Several other snakes, such as the sidewinder and the green tree python, also use the tip of their tail as a lure, but none has the elongated scales that look like arthropod legs.1

A specimen collected in 1968 was first identified as a Persian horned viper. It was only recognised as a separate species and described in 2006.1

ນັກລົບລ້າງຄວາມເຊື່ອຜິດໆ

ຄວາມເຊື່ອຜິດໆ: The strange tail tip was caused by a parasite, a deformity or a tumour.

ຄວາມຈິງ: Early specimens were thought to have a damaged tail tip. In fact, the spider-like tail is a natural feature that the snake uses to lure birds.1

ສຳລັບຜູ້ຊ່ຽວຊານດ້ານພິດ

ຊື່ວິທະຍາສາດ: Pseudocerastes urarachnoides
ກຸ່ມ: ງູໄວເປີ ແລະ ງູແອດເດີ
ຄອບຄົວ: Viperidae2
ອັນດັບ: Squamata
ທະວີບຕ່າງໆ: ອາຊີ
ອັນຕະລາຍຕໍ່ຄົນ: 3 / 5: ຮ້າຍແຮງ3

ຂໍ້ມູນມາຈາກໃສ

Spider-tailed horned viper (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Pseudocerastes urarachnoides (iNaturalist): ຊື່ ແລະ ການຈັດໝວດໝູ່
Venom Wiki: ລະດັບອັນຕະລາຍ, ຂະໜາດທົ່ວໄປ ແລະ ຄວາມໄວທີ່ຄາດຄະເນ ແມ່ນຂອງພວກເຮົາເອງ ເບິ່ງວ່າພວກເຮົາຄິດໄລ່ແນວໃດ: ພວກເຮົາໃຫ້ຄະແນນອັນຕະລາຍແນວໃດ.

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