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Chilean recluse

Loxosceles laeta

Par nosaukumu: Laeta is Latin for "happy". In Spanish it is called araña de rincón, meaning "corner spider".1

Vajag ārstuReti nāvējošs, bet kodums jārāda ārstam.

Zirnekļi

KodumiĒd: Gaļa

Bīstamība cilvēkiem: NopietnsKodums jārāda ārstam. Nāves gadījumi ir ļoti reti.

The Chilean recluse is a brown spider from South America that is considered the most dangerous of the recluse spiders. Its bite can cause serious skin damage and, in rare cases, serious illness that affects the whole body. It is also known for spreading to homes and buildings in several other countries.1

Dzīvo

Native to South America, including Chile, Peru, Ecuador, Argentina, Uruguay and southern and eastern Brazil1

Dienvidamerika

Sākums

Dry, undisturbed places such as woodpiles, sheds, closets and garages. It is often found in human homes. It has also been found in buildings in the USA, Canada, Australia, Sweden, Finland and Germany, although it does not thrive in most of these places.1

Garums

8 mm līdz 4 cm (0,3 in līdz 1,6 in)1

Maksimālais ātrums

apmēram 0,98 km/h (0,61 jūdzes/h)

Uz sauszemes, aptuvens minējums

Ko tas ēd?

It hunts at night, leaving its messy web to do so.1

Chilean recluse foto — Chilean recluse. Foto: Kaz Born. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Kā to atpazīt

Brown, ranging from light tan to brown.1
Usually has a dark, violin-shaped marking on the top of the front body section, but this marking may not be visible.1
Has six eyes arranged in three pairs, not the eight eyes most spiders have. Checking the eyes is more reliable than checking the marking.1
Measures 8 to 40 mm including legs, making it one of the larger recluse species.1
Builds irregular webs with a messy shelter of tangled threads. It leaves these webs at night to hunt.1

Bieži jauc ar: Other recluse spiders look similar. The violin marking is not a reliable guide, so the eye arrangement is the more important feature for identification. Six eyes in three pairs is the key clue.1

Indes spēks

Kodumi

Inde iznāk caur ilkņiem vai zobiem, kad tas iekož.

Ko nodara tā inde?

Its venom contains sphingomyelinase D, a substance that destroys skin and tissue. Most bites cause mild irritation, but serious bites can cause a necrotising skin ulcer, which is an open wound where tissue dies. In 10 to 15% of cases, the venom causes a whole-body condition that damages organs, blood cells and kidneys. Bites may feel fine at first, and visible damage can take up to seven hours to appear, while the venom can spread through the body within minutes.1

Cik bīstams tas ir cilvēkiem?

Bīstamība cilvēkiem: NopietnsKodums jārāda ārstam. Nāves gadījumi ir ļoti reti.

Its bite often causes serious reactions, up to and including death. In a study covering 30 years of bites in Chile, 3 to 4% of cases ended in death. In a study of 250 cases in Santiago, Chile, from 1955 to 2000, 9 of the 47 people with the most severe whole-body reaction died. Skin damage can take months, and sometimes years, to heal, leaving deep scars.1

Labas ziņas: ārstiem pret šo ir zāles (pretinde) vai ārstēšana.1

Ko tas dara, kad ir nobijies?

It is not aggressive and usually bites only when it is pressed against skin, such as when someone puts on clothing where it is hiding.1

Ja tas iekož

Applying an ice pack helps, because the venom is more active at high temperatures. Aloe vera may soothe the skin and help control pain.1
Nomazgā kodumu un pret sāpēm uzliec ledus maisiņu. Meklē medicīnisko palīdzību, ja sāpes ir stipras, izplatās vai cilvēks jūtas slikti.

Vienmēr vispirms zvani uz savu ārkārtas numuru (112, 000, 911). Tie ir vispārīgi pirmās palīdzības padomi, nevis medicīniska konsultācija. Pirmās palīdzības pamati

Esi drošībā

Nekad neaiztiec, neķer un neķircini savvaļas dzīvnieku, pat mazu, un pat ja tas izskatās aizmidzis vai miris.
Dod tam vietu. Ja tādu satiec, saglabā mieru, lēnām atkāpies un ļauj tam iet savu ceļu.
Ja tāds tev iekož: saglabā mieru, nekusties, zvani uz savu ārkārtas numuru (112, 000, 911) vai ātri dodies uz slimnīcu. Atceries, kā tas izskatījās, foto palīdz.

Tas nav nolēmis tevi medīt. Tas izmanto indi, lai noķertu barību vai aizsargātos, un daudz labprātāk paslēptos. Vairāk par drošību

Kur pasaulē?

Āfrika Āzija Eiropa Ziemeļamerika Dienvidamerika Austrālija un Okeānija

Cik tas ir liels?

Cik tas ir garš?

apmēram tikpat garš kā saspraude

Cik liels ir Chilean recluse salīdzinājumā ar TEVI?

Tikai matemātika tavā pārlūkā. Nekas netiek saglabāts vai kaut kur nosūtīts.

Cik tas ir ātrs?

Bruņurupucis apmēram 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Chilean recluse apmēram 0,98 km/h (0,61 mph)

Ejošs cilvēks apmēram 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

vērts zināt

Fakti

Its venom contains sphingomyelinase D, which is otherwise found only in a few harmful bacteria.1

Its venom contains about ten times more of this substance than other sicariid spiders, such as the brown recluse, according to one study.1

A colony has lived in the Natural History Museum of Helsinki, probably introduced through fruit shipments in the 1960s and 1970s.1

It can survive for a long time without food or water, which helps it spread to new places around the world.1

Chile's Loxosceles laeta can produce 60 μg of venom by electrical stimulation, more than the related Loxosceles intermedia and Loxosceles gaucho.1

Mītu grāvējs

Mīts: The violin-shaped marking on its back is a reliable way to identify it.

Patiesība: The marking may not be visible and is not reliable. Counting the eyes, which are six in three pairs, is more important for identification.1

Indes ekspertiem

Zinātniskais nosaukums: Loxosceles laeta
Grupa: Zirnekļi
Ģimene: Sicariidae2
Secība: Araneae
Kontinenti: Dienvidamerika
Bīstamība cilvēkiem: 3 / 5: Nopietns3

No kurienes nāk fakti

Chilean recluse spider (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Loxosceles laeta (iNaturalist): nosaukumi un klasifikācija.
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