No. 1006 daripada 1 402

Jack jumper ant

Myrmecia pilosula

Tentang nama: The specific name pilosula comes from the Latin word pilosa, meaning 'covered with soft hair'. The common name 'jack jumper' comes from its jumping motion.1

Perlu jumpa doktorJarang membawa maut, tetapi sengatannya perlu dirawat doktor.

Semut

SengatanMakan: Serangga

Bahaya kepada manusia: SeriusSengatannya perlu dirawat doktor. Kematian sangat jarang berlaku.

The jack jumper ant is a venomous ant native to Australia. It is most common in Tasmania and south-east mainland Australia, and it is known for jumping long distances when it is disturbed. Its sting is usually mild, but it is one of the few ants that can be dangerous to people.1

Hidup di

Australia, mostly Tasmania and south-east mainland; widespread in most of Australia; not verified in the Northern Territory1

Australia & Oceania

Laman utama

Jack jumper ants live in open places such as gardens, lawns, pastures, woodlands and dry open forests, usually on fine gravel and sandy soil. In suburbs they build nests in rockeries, cracks in concrete walls and grass, and they are less common in urban areas.1

Panjang

1.1 cm hingga 1.6 cm (0.4 in hingga 0.6 in)1

Kelajuan maksimum

kira-kira 0.19 km/j (0.12 mph)

Di darat, anggaran kasar

Apa yang ia makan?

Jack jumper ants prey on small insects. They kill other insects by injecting venom through a barbless stinger. Their food also includes nectar.1

Gambar Jack jumper ant — Jack jumper ant. Gambar: Tony Eales. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Cara mengenalinya

Black or blackish-red body, sometimes with yellow or orange legs1
Antennae, lower legs and mandibles (jaws) are yellow or orange1
Workers are medium-sized, about 12 to 14 mm long1
Grey, short hair on the body, longer on the back part of the abdomen1
Leaps about 51 to 76 mm when disturbed, and forms mounds of gravel and soil as nests1

Sering dikelirukan dengan: Other Myrmecia ants, such as M. nigrocincta, also jump when disturbed, so jumping alone does not identify this species.1

Kuasa bisa

Sengatan

Bisa keluar melalui penyengat.

Apa kesan bisanya?

The venom is unusually likely to cause allergy for an insect venom. In most people a sting causes only a mild reaction at the site. In people who are allergic, it can cause anaphylaxis, a severe whole-body reaction with a faster heart rate and falling blood pressure.1

Berapa bahaya ia kepada manusia?

Bahaya kepada manusia: SeriusSengatannya perlu dirawat doktor. Kematian sangat jarang berlaku.

Most stings cause only a mild local reaction, but the jack jumper is one of the few ants that can be dangerous to humans. The venom causes about 90% of ant allergies in Australia. In areas where it lives, up to 3% of people may be allergic, and about half of those can have anaphylaxis, which rarely leads to death. Between 1980 and 2000, four people died from anaphylaxis caused by jack jumper stings, all in Tasmania.1

Apa yang ia buat apabila takut?

When disturbed, they become aggressive towards humans, and they can see and follow an intruder from about 1 m away.1

Jika ia menyengat

For people prone to severe allergic reactions, the treatment is allergen immunotherapy, also called desensitisation.1
Basuh dan sejukkan sengatan.
Jika orang itu sukar bernafas, muka atau tekak membengkak, atau rasa nak pengsan, ini kecemasan alahan: hubungi nombor kecemasan.

Sentiasa hubungi nombor kecemasan dahulu (112, 000, 911). Ini panduan pertolongan cemas umum, bukan nasihat perubatan. Asas pertolongan cemas

Kekal selamat

Jangan sesekali sentuh, tangkap atau usik haiwan liar, walaupun yang kecil, dan walaupun ia nampak tidur atau mati.
Beri ia ruang. Jika kamu terjumpa, bertenang, undur perlahan-lahan dan biarkan ia pergi.
Jika ia menyengat kamu: bertenang, jangan bergerak, hubungi nombor kecemasan (112, 000, 911) atau pergi ke hospital dengan segera. Ingat rupanya, gambar boleh membantu.

Ia bukan mahu memburu kamu. Ia guna bisanya untuk menangkap makanan atau melindungi diri, dan ia lebih suka bersembunyi. Lagi tentang keselamatan

Di mana di dunia?

Afrika Asia Eropah Amerika Utara Amerika Selatan Australia & Oceania

Berapa besar ia?

Berapa panjang ia?

lebih pendek daripada jari kelingking kamu

Berapa besar Jack jumper ant berbanding KAMU?

Hanya matematik dalam pelayar kamu. Tiada apa yang disimpan atau dihantar ke mana-mana.

Berapa laju ia?

Siput taman kira-kira 0.05 km/j (0.03 mph)

Jack jumper ant kira-kira 0.19 km/j (0.12 mph)

Kura-kura darat kira-kira 0.3 km/j (0.19 mph)

berguna untuk diketahui

Fakta

Their leaps are about 51 to 76 mm, which is a long jump for an ant of this size.1

They decorate their nests with seeds, soil, charcoal, stones, sticks and small dead invertebrates, which help trap the sun's warmth.1

William Morton Wheeler compared them to 'Lilliputian cavalry galloping to battle' when they were disturbed.1

Workers are gamergates, so they can reproduce with males whether or not a queen is present in the colony.1

Rove beetles of the genus Heterothops often live in jack jumper nests and raise their young there.1

Untuk pakar bisa

Nama saintifik: Myrmecia pilosula
Kumpulan: Semut
Keluarga: Formicidae2
Susunan: Hymenoptera
Benua-benua: Australia & Oceania
Bahaya kepada manusia: 3 / 5: Serius3

Dari mana fakta datang

Jack jumper ant (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Myrmecia pilosula (iNaturalist): nama dan pengelasan.
Venom Wiki: tahap bahaya, saiz biasa dan anggaran kelajuan adalah penilaian kami sendiri. Lihat cara kami mengiranya: Cara kami menilai bahaya.

Setiap fakta di halaman ini ada nombor yang menunjuk kepada sumbernya. Jika kami tersilap, maaf, kami peminat haiwan, bukan jurnal sains. Beritahu kami di [email protected] dan kami akan betulkan.

Kala jengking lapar! Venom Wiki ialah projek seorang lelaki: percuma, tanpa iklan dan tanpa penjejak. Sedikit sumbangan membantu memastikannya terus dalam talian.Beri kala jengking makan