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Brown recluse
BittThe brown recluse is a small spider with a violin-shaped mark on its back. It lives mainly in the central and southern United States, where it hides in dark, quiet places such as woodpiles and sheds. It is one of only two North American spiders with dangerous venom, the other being the black widow.1
Slik kjenner du den igjen
- A dark violin-shaped marking on the top of the front body, with the neck of the violin pointing towards the rear of the spider1
- Typically light to medium brown, though colours range from whitish to dark brown or blackish grey1
- Six eyes arranged in three pairs, while most spiders have eight1
- No obvious patterns on the abdomen or legs, and no spines on the legs1
- Usually 6 to 20 millimetres in body length, but may grow larger1
Forveksles ofte med: The violin marking is not a reliable identifier, because cellar spiders and pirate spiders can have similar markings. The Mediterranean recluse, an introduced species, is almost indistinguishable from the brown recluse, so many reports of recluses are misidentifications. A spider in the genus Titiotus is the most common spider mistaken for a brown recluse in California, and its bite is considered harmless.1
Giftkraft
Giften kommer ut gjennom gifttennene eller tennene når den biter.
Hva gjør giften når den biter eller stikker?
The venom is necrotic, meaning it destroys tissue. It contains a dermonecrotic agent called sphingomyelinase D, which kills the skin around the bite. In some cases the venom spreads through the body within minutes, causing nausea, vomiting, fever, rashes and muscle and joint pain. Rarely, it can burst red blood cells (hemolysis).1
Hvor farlig er den for mennesker?
Fare for mennesker: AlvorligEt bitt trenger lege. Dødsfall er svært sjeldne.Most bites cause no skin damage, and the spider is rarely aggressive. In one clinical study, skin necrosis occurred in 37% of diagnosed bites and systemic illness in 14%. Rarely, bites can cause organ damage or death. Most fatalities have been in children under seven or in people with weak immune systems. Children, the elderly and seriously ill people may be more susceptible to systemic effects.1
Hva gjør den når den er redd?
When alarmed, it lowers its body, raises its pedipalps and stands still in a defensive pose. It usually flees, and if caught it may play dead.1
Hvis den biter
- Vask bittet og legg en ispose på det mot smerten. Skaff medisinsk hjelp hvis smerten er sterk, sprer seg eller personen føler seg dårlig.
Ring alltid nødnummeret ditt først (112, 000, 911). Dette er generelle råd om førstehjelp, ikke medisinske råd. Grunnleggende førstehjelp
Hold deg trygg
- Aldri rør, fang eller ert et vilt dyr, selv et lite, og selv om det ser ut som det sover eller er dødt.
- Hold avstand. Hvis du møter en, hold deg rolig, gå sakte bakover og la den gå sin vei.
- Hvis en biter deg: hold deg rolig, hold deg i ro, ring nødnummeret ditt (112, 000, 911) eller kom deg raskt til sykehus. Husk hvordan den så ut, et bilde hjelper.
Den er ikke ute etter deg. Den bruker giften til å fange mat eller beskytte seg, og den gjemmer seg mye heller. Mer om hvordan du holder deg trygg
Hvor stor er den?
Hvor lang er den?
omtrent like lang som en bindersHvor stor er Brown recluse sammenlignet med DEG?
Bare matte i nettleseren din. Ingenting lagres eller sendes noe sted.
Hvor rask er den?
Fakta
One brown recluse survived for over five seasons in captivity without any food at all.1
In 2001, more than 2,000 brown recluses were removed from a heavily infested home in Kansas, yet the four residents who had lived there for years were never harmed.1
When a leg is lost, the brown recluse does not grow a new one in later moults, unlike the huntsman spider.1
Brown recluses do not balloon, which limits how far they can spread across the landscape.1
Males move around more when hunting than females, which tend to stay near their webs.1
Mytejeger
Myte: Brown recluses are common in California and the western United States, where they cause many bites.
Sannhet: The brown recluse has not established itself in California or anywhere outside its native range. Many reported bites there are misdiagnosed, and other spiders are often wrongly identified as brown recluses.1
For gifteksperter
- Vitenskapelig navn
- Loxosceles reclusa
- Gruppe
- Edderkopper
- Familie
- Sicariidae2
- Rekkefølge
- Araneae
- Kontinenter
- Nord-Amerika
- Babyer
- Each female produces several egg sacs between May and July, with about 50 eggs in each sac. The eggs hatch in about one month, and the young take about a year to reach adulthood.1
- Fare for mennesker
- 3 / 5: Alvorlig3
Hvor faktaene kommer fra
- Brown recluse spider (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
- Loxosceles reclusa (iNaturalist): navn og klassifisering.
- Venom Wiki: farenivået, den typiske størrelsen og den gjettede farten er våre egne. Se hvordan vi regner dem ut: Slik vurderer vi faren.
Hvert faktum på denne siden har et tall som viser til kilden. Hvis vi har tatt feil, beklager vi, vi er dyrefans, ikke et vitenskapelig tidsskrift. Si fra til oss på [email protected], så retter vi det.
Skorpionen er sulten! Venom Wiki er et enmannsprosjekt: gratis, uten reklame og uten sporing. Et lite tips hjelper med å holde det på nett.Mat skorpionen
Southern black widow
Northern black widow
Western black widow
Bold jumping spider
Golden silk orb-weaver
Central American wandering spider
Terciopelo
Eastern coral snake
Eastern diamondback rattlesnake
Eyelash viper
Timber rattlesnake
Western diamondback rattlesnake