Spider-tailed horned viper
The spider-tailed horned viper is a venomous snake with a tail tip that looks like a spider. It lives only in the mountains of western Iran and the nearby eastern part of Iraq. It wiggles its tail to lure birds close enough to catch.1

Slik kjenner du den igjen
- The scales above each eye rise up into small horns.1
- About 16 to 17 scales sit between the horns.1
- The bulb-shaped tail tip is bordered by long, drooping scales that look like spider legs.1
- The scales on the body are rougher than those of other species in its genus.1
- It has 15 pairs of subcaudal scales (the scales on the underside of the tail).1
Forveksles ofte med: It looks very similar to other Pseudocerastes vipers in the region, especially around the head. The unusual, spider-like tail tip is the feature that sets it apart.1
Giftkraft
Giften kommer ut gjennom gifttennene eller tennene når den biter.
Hva gjør giften når den biter eller stikker?
Its venom mainly acts as a cytotoxin, which destroys cells across a wide variety of cell types, and it has minor neurotoxic effects, which attack the nerves. It is a procoagulant, meaning it makes blood clot, and reports describe clotting in about 13 seconds. The venom affects birds most strongly, and also affects mammals and amphibians. A 2021 study by Brouw found it has a coagulant effect on humans and affects Factor X, a protein needed for blood clotting.1
Hvor farlig er den for mennesker?
Fare for mennesker: AlvorligEt bitt trenger lege. Dødsfall er svært sjeldne.No human bite has ever been recorded in the wild. How severe its effects would be on people is not known.1
Hvis den biter
- Hold personen i ro og rolig, hold den bitte armen eller beinet i hjertehøyde, ta av ringer og ting som strammer, og kom raskt til sykehus.
Ring alltid nødnummeret ditt først (112, 000, 911). Dette er generelle råd om førstehjelp, ikke medisinske råd. Grunnleggende førstehjelp
Hold deg trygg
- Aldri rør, fang eller ert et vilt dyr, selv et lite, og selv om det ser ut som det sover eller er dødt.
- Hold avstand. Hvis du møter en, hold deg rolig, gå sakte bakover og la den gå sin vei.
- Hvis en biter deg: hold deg rolig, hold deg i ro, ring nødnummeret ditt (112, 000, 911) eller kom deg raskt til sykehus. Husk hvordan den så ut, et bilde hjelper.
Den er ikke ute etter deg. Den bruker giften til å fange mat eller beskytte seg, og den gjemmer seg mye heller. Mer om hvordan du holder deg trygg
Hvor stor er den?
Hvor lang er den?
like lang som 3 bananer etter hverandre
kunne løpt 100 meter på 110 sekunder (det raskeste mennesket trenger 9,6)Hvor stor er Spider-tailed horned viper sammenlignet med DEG?
Bare matte i nettleseren din. Ingenting lagres eller sendes noe sted.
Hvor rask er den?
Fakta
Its tail is moved in a figure-of-eight pattern, and it moves faster when birds are nearby. Field studies have confirmed that this is a lure and not random movement.1
Footage of it luring migrating birds appears in the Asia episode of the BBC series Seven Worlds, One Planet, narrated by David Attenborough.1
A digested lark was found in the stomach of one of the specimens used to describe the species, supporting the idea that the tail lures birds.1
Its tail tip is a form of aggressive mimicry, where a predator looks like something else to attract its prey.1
Several other snakes, such as the sidewinder and the green tree python, also use the tip of their tail as a lure, but none has the elongated scales that look like arthropod legs.1
A specimen collected in 1968 was first identified as a Persian horned viper. It was only recognised as a separate species and described in 2006.1
Mytejeger
Myte: The strange tail tip was caused by a parasite, a deformity or a tumour.
Sannhet: Early specimens were thought to have a damaged tail tip. In fact, the spider-like tail is a natural feature that the snake uses to lure birds.1
Hvor faktaene kommer fra
- Spider-tailed horned viper (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
- Pseudocerastes urarachnoides (iNaturalist): navn og klassifisering.
- Venom Wiki: farenivået, den typiske størrelsen og den gjettede farten er våre egne. Se hvordan vi regner dem ut: Slik vurderer vi faren.
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Bitt
