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Fakkii kaartuunii Spider-tailed horned viper
Lakk. 0375 1 402 keessaa

Spider-tailed horned viper

Pseudocerastes urarachnoides
Waa'ee maqaa: The scientific name comes from Ancient Greek words meaning tail, spider and 'like', because of its spider-like tail tip.1
Doktora barbaadaYeroo muraasa nama ajjeesa, garuu ciniinnaan doktora barbaada.
Bofoota viper fi adder CiniinnaaNyaata: Foon
Balaa namootaaf: CimaaCiniinnaan doktora barbaada. Du'i baay'ee hin mudatu.

The spider-tailed horned viper is a venomous snake with a tail tip that looks like a spider. It lives only in the mountains of western Iran and the nearby eastern part of Iraq. It wiggles its tail to lure birds close enough to catch.1

Kan jiraatu
Western Iran and the eastern part of Iraq, near the Iran-Iraq border, mainly on the western side of the Zagros Mountains1
Eeshiyaa
Mana
It lives at higher elevations, mostly on rocky ground made of gypsum, and prefers deep cracks and holes in the rock. These spots trap humidity and moisture during hot summers. During the day it is most often found in the shade of a shrub.1
Dheerina
60 cm (2 ft)3
guddina idilee guddaa ta'ee
Ariitii olaanaa
gara 3,4 km/sa'a (2,1 mph)
Lafa irra, tilmaama
Maal nyaata?
It eats birds, including the Isabelline shrike and several warbler species. It waves the tip of its tail in a figure-of-eight pattern to lure insect-eating birds within striking range.1
Dhugumaan!Suuraa Spider-tailed horned viper
Spider-tailed horned viper. Suuraa: Omid Mozaffari. Public domain, Wikimedia Commons.

Akkaataa itti beekamu

  • The scales above each eye rise up into small horns.1
  • About 16 to 17 scales sit between the horns.1
  • The bulb-shaped tail tip is bordered by long, drooping scales that look like spider legs.1
  • The scales on the body are rougher than those of other species in its genus.1
  • It has 15 pairs of subcaudal scales (the scales on the underside of the tail).1

Yeroo baay'ee kan itti wal fakkeessan: It looks very similar to other Pseudocerastes vipers in the region, especially around the head. The unusual, spider-like tail tip is the feature that sets it apart.1

Humna summii

Ciniinnaa

Summiin yeroo ciniinu ilkaan summii ykn ilkaan isaa keessaan ba'a.

Summiin isaa (ciniinnaa ykn iddiin) maal godha?

Its venom mainly acts as a cytotoxin, which destroys cells across a wide variety of cell types, and it has minor neurotoxic effects, which attack the nerves. It is a procoagulant, meaning it makes blood clot, and reports describe clotting in about 13 seconds. The venom affects birds most strongly, and also affects mammals and amphibians. A 2021 study by Brouw found it has a coagulant effect on humans and affects Factor X, a protein needed for blood clotting.1

Namootaaf hammam balaa qaba?

Balaa namootaaf: CimaaCiniinnaan doktora barbaada. Du'i baay'ee hin mudatu.

No human bite has ever been recorded in the wild. How severe its effects would be on people is not known.1

Yoo ciniine

  • Namicha sochii malee fi tasgabbaa'aa tursiisi, qaama ciniiname sadarkaa onnee irra kaa'i, qubeelaa fi waan cimee hidhu baasi, dafii hospitaala geessi.

Yeroo hunda dursa lakkoofsa balaa tasaa kee bilbili (112, 000, 911). Kun qajeelfama gargaarsa jalqabaa waliigalaa ti, gorsa yaalaa miti. Bu'uura gargaarsa jalqabaa

Nageenyaan turi

  • Bineensa bosonaa gonkumaa hin tuqin, hin qabin, hin tuttuqin, xiqqaa ta'us, rafe ykn du'e fakkaatus.
  • Iddoo itti kenni. Yoo tokko wajjin wal argite, tasgabbaa'i, suuta duubatti deebi'iitii karaa isaa akka deemu dhiisi.
  • Yoo tokko si ciniine: tasgabbaa'i, sochii malee turi, lakkoofsa balaa tasaa kee (112, 000, 911) bilbili ykn dafii hospitaala ga'i. Maal akka fakkaatu yaadadhu, suuraan ni gargaara.

Si miidhuuf si hin barbaadu. Summii isaa nyaata qabachuuf ykn of eeguuf fayyadama, dhokachuu immoo baay'ee filata. Waa'ee nageenyaa dabalataan

Addunyaa keessaa eessatti?

AfrikaaEeshiyaaAwurooppaaAmeerikaa KaabaaAmeerikaa KibbaaAwustiraaliyaa fi Oshiyaaniyaa

Hammam guddaa dha?

Dheerinni isaa hammam?

Spider-tailed horned viper dheerinni gara 60 cm (2 ft)Adurree manaa gara 50 cm (1,6 ft)Saree gara 1 m (3,3 ft)
akka muuzii 3 walitti aananii tarreeffamanii dheeratameetira 100 sekoondii 110 keessatti fiiguu danda'a (namni hundaa caalaa ariifatu 9,6 barbaada)

Spider-tailed horned viper SI wajjin yoo wal bira qabamu hammam guddaa dha?

Herrega qofa barsiisaa kee keessatti. Homtuu hin olkaa'amu, eessayyuu hin ergamu.

Hammam ariifata?

beekuun gaarii dha

Dhugaawwan

1

Its tail is moved in a figure-of-eight pattern, and it moves faster when birds are nearby. Field studies have confirmed that this is a lure and not random movement.1

2

Footage of it luring migrating birds appears in the Asia episode of the BBC series Seven Worlds, One Planet, narrated by David Attenborough.1

3

A digested lark was found in the stomach of one of the specimens used to describe the species, supporting the idea that the tail lures birds.1

4

Its tail tip is a form of aggressive mimicry, where a predator looks like something else to attract its prey.1

5

Several other snakes, such as the sidewinder and the green tree python, also use the tip of their tail as a lure, but none has the elongated scales that look like arthropod legs.1

6

A specimen collected in 1968 was first identified as a Persian horned viper. It was only recognised as a separate species and described in 2006.1

Soba diigaa

Soba: The strange tail tip was caused by a parasite, a deformity or a tumour.

Dhugaa: Early specimens were thought to have a damaged tail tip. In fact, the spider-like tail is a natural feature that the snake uses to lure birds.1

Ogeeyyii summiitiif

Maqaa saayinsii
Pseudocerastes urarachnoides
Garee
Bofoota viper fi adder
Maatii
Viperidae2
Tartiiba
Squamata
Ardiiwwan
Eeshiyaa
Balaa namootaaf
3 / 5: Cimaa3

Dhugaawwan eessaa dhufu

  1. Spider-tailed horned viper (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Pseudocerastes urarachnoides (iNaturalist): maqaa fi ramaddii.
  3. Venom Wiki: sadarkaan balaa, guddinni idilee fi tilmaamni ariitii kan keenya. Akkamitti akka hojjennu ilaali: Balaa akkamitti madaalla.

Dhugaan fuula kana irra jiru hundi lakkoofsa madda isaatti si qajeelchu qaba. Yoo waan tokko dogoggorre, dhiifama, nuti jaallattoota bineensotaa ti malee joornaalii saayinsii miti. [email protected] irratti nutti himi, ni sirreessina.

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