Č. 0654 z 1 402

Chilean recluse

Loxosceles laeta

O mene: Laeta is Latin for "happy". In Spanish it is called araña de rincón, meaning "corner spider".1

Treba lekáraZriedka smrteľné, ale uhryznutie potrebuje lekára.

Pavúky

UhryznutiaJe: Mäso

Nebezpečenstvo pre ľudí: VážneUhryznutie potrebuje lekára. Úmrtia sú veľmi zriedkavé.

The Chilean recluse is a brown spider from South America that is considered the most dangerous of the recluse spiders. Its bite can cause serious skin damage and, in rare cases, serious illness that affects the whole body. It is also known for spreading to homes and buildings in several other countries.1

Žije v

Native to South America, including Chile, Peru, Ecuador, Argentina, Uruguay and southern and eastern Brazil1

Južná Amerika

Domov

Dry, undisturbed places such as woodpiles, sheds, closets and garages. It is often found in human homes. It has also been found in buildings in the USA, Canada, Australia, Sweden, Finland and Germany, although it does not thrive in most of these places.1

Dĺžka

8 mm až 4 cm (0,3 in až 1,6 in)1

Maximálna rýchlosť

asi 0,98 km/h (0,61 mph)

Na súši, hrubý odhad

Čo je?

It hunts at night, leaving its messy web to do so.1

Fotka: Chilean recluse — Chilean recluse. Foto: Kaz Born. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Ako ho spoznať

Brown, ranging from light tan to brown.1
Usually has a dark, violin-shaped marking on the top of the front body section, but this marking may not be visible.1
Has six eyes arranged in three pairs, not the eight eyes most spiders have. Checking the eyes is more reliable than checking the marking.1
Measures 8 to 40 mm including legs, making it one of the larger recluse species.1
Builds irregular webs with a messy shelter of tangled threads. It leaves these webs at night to hunt.1

Často sa zamieňa s: Other recluse spiders look similar. The violin marking is not a reliable guide, so the eye arrangement is the more important feature for identification. Six eyes in three pairs is the key clue.1

Sila jedu

Uhryznutia

Jed vychádza cez jedové zuby, keď hryzie.

Čo robí jeho jed?

Its venom contains sphingomyelinase D, a substance that destroys skin and tissue. Most bites cause mild irritation, but serious bites can cause a necrotising skin ulcer, which is an open wound where tissue dies. In 10 to 15% of cases, the venom causes a whole-body condition that damages organs, blood cells and kidneys. Bites may feel fine at first, and visible damage can take up to seven hours to appear, while the venom can spread through the body within minutes.1

Aké nebezpečné je pre ľudí?

Nebezpečenstvo pre ľudí: VážneUhryznutie potrebuje lekára. Úmrtia sú veľmi zriedkavé.

Its bite often causes serious reactions, up to and including death. In a study covering 30 years of bites in Chile, 3 to 4% of cases ended in death. In a study of 250 cases in Santiago, Chile, from 1955 to 2000, 9 of the 47 people with the most severe whole-body reaction died. Skin damage can take months, and sometimes years, to heal, leaving deep scars.1

Dobrá správa: lekári na to majú liek (protijed) alebo liečbu.1

Čo robí, keď sa bojí?

It is not aggressive and usually bites only when it is pressed against skin, such as when someone puts on clothing where it is hiding.1

Ak uhryzne

Applying an ice pack helps, because the venom is more active at high temperatures. Aloe vera may soothe the skin and help control pain.1
Umy miesto uhryznutia a daj naň ľadový obklad na bolesť. Vyhľadaj lekársku pomoc, ak je bolesť silná, šíri sa alebo sa postihnutý cíti zle.

Vždy najprv zavolaj na tiesňovú linku (112, 000, 911). Toto sú všeobecné rady prvej pomoci, nie lekárska rada. Základy prvej pomoci

Buď v bezpečí

Nikdy sa nedotýkaj divého zvieraťa, nechytaj ho ani ho nedráždi, aj keď je malé a aj keď vyzerá, že spí alebo je mŕtve.
Nechaj mu priestor. Ak nejaké stretneš, zostaň pokojný, pomaly cúvni a nechaj ho ísť svojou cestou.
Ak ťa uhryzne: zostaň pokojný, nehýb sa, zavolaj na tiesňovú linku (112, 000, 911) alebo sa rýchlo dostaň do nemocnice. Zapamätaj si, ako vyzeralo, fotka pomôže.

Nejde po tebe. Jed používa na chytanie potravy alebo na obranu a oveľa radšej sa schová. Viac o tom, ako zostať v bezpečí

Kde na svete?

Afrika Ázia Európa Severná Amerika Južná Amerika Austrália a Oceánia

Aké je veľké?

Aké je dlhé?

asi tak dlhé ako kancelárska spinka

Aký veľký je Chilean recluse v porovnaní s TEBOU?

Iba matematika v tvojom prehliadači. Nič sa neukladá ani nikam neposiela.

Aké je rýchle?

Korytnačka suchozemská asi 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Chilean recluse asi 0,98 km/h (0,61 mph)

Kráčajúci človek asi 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

dobré vedieť

Fakty

Its venom contains sphingomyelinase D, which is otherwise found only in a few harmful bacteria.1

Its venom contains about ten times more of this substance than other sicariid spiders, such as the brown recluse, according to one study.1

A colony has lived in the Natural History Museum of Helsinki, probably introduced through fruit shipments in the 1960s and 1970s.1

It can survive for a long time without food or water, which helps it spread to new places around the world.1

Chile's Loxosceles laeta can produce 60 μg of venom by electrical stimulation, more than the related Loxosceles intermedia and Loxosceles gaucho.1

Lovec mýtov

Mýtus: The violin-shaped marking on its back is a reliable way to identify it.

Pravda: The marking may not be visible and is not reliable. Counting the eyes, which are six in three pairs, is more important for identification.1

Pre znalcov jedov

Vedecký názov: Loxosceles laeta
Skupina: Pavúky
Rodina: Sicariidae2
Rad: Araneae
Kontinenty: Južná Amerika
Nebezpečenstvo pre ľudí: 3 / 5: Vážne3

Odkiaľ sú fakty

Chilean recluse spider (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Loxosceles laeta (iNaturalist): mená a klasifikácia.
Venom Wiki: úroveň nebezpečenstva, typická veľkosť a odhad rýchlosti sú naše vlastné. Pozri, ako ich určujeme: Ako hodnotíme nebezpečenstvo.

Každý fakt na tejto stránke má číslo, ktoré ukazuje na jeho zdroj. Ak sme sa v niečom pomýlili, prepáč, sme fanúšikovia zvierat, nie vedecký časopis. Napíš nám na [email protected] a opravíme to.

Škorpión je hladný! Venom Wiki je projekt jedného človeka: zadarmo, bez reklám a bez sledovania. Malý príspevok pomôže udržať ho online.Nakŕm škorpióna