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European hornet

Vespa crabro

Len to bolíBolí to, ale vážne ti to neublíži.

Včely, osy a sršne

BodnutiaJe: Mäso

Nebezpečenstvo pre ľudí: BolestivéMôže to poriadne bolieť, ale skoro nikdy to nie je vážne.

The European hornet is the largest wasp that lives in Europe. It is a true hornet, and it is the only one of its kind found in North America, where it was introduced from Europe. It is best known for its large paper nests and its striking reddish wings and striped abdomen.1

Žije v

Eurasia, from Japan to the United Kingdom; introduced to North America and found as far south as Guatemala1

Európa, Ázia

Domov

It prefers to nest in dark places, usually hollow tree trunks, and its paper nests are often hidden by a surrounding envelope. In autumn, it can be found hovering around garbage cans and picnic areas.1

Dĺžka

2,5 cm až 3,5 cm (1 in až 1,4 in)1

Hmotnosť

420 mg až 540 mg (0 oz až 0 oz)1

Maximálna rýchlosť

asi 33 km/h (21 mph)

Lietanie, hrubý odhad

Čo je?

It is largely carnivorous and hunts large insects such as beetles, wasps, large moths, dragonflies and mantises. It also feeds on fallen fruit and other sugary food.1

Fotka: European hornet — European hornet. Foto: katunchik. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Ako ho spoznať

Eyes deeply indented and shaped like a "C"1
Reddish-orange wings1
Abdomen striped with brown and yellow1
Workers average about 2.5 cm long; queens can reach about 3.5 cm1
Has hair on the thorax and abdomen, but is not as hairy as most bees1

Často sa zamieňa s: It is often mistaken for the Asian giant hornet because of its colours and abdomen pattern. The European hornet is significantly smaller than the Asian giant hornet, and it is larger than most common wasps, such as Vespula vulgaris.1

Sila jedu

Bodnutia

Jed vychádza cez žihadlo.

Čo robí jeho jed?

Its venom contains neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, histamine and noradrenaline, along with enzymes, proteins such as melittin and bradykinin, and a neurotoxin called apamin, which attacks the nerves. In one documented case, a person developed tingling at the sting, headaches and shortness of breath, along with a fast, irregular heartbeat.1

Aké nebezpečné je pre ľudí?

Nebezpečenstvo pre ľudí: BolestivéMôže to poriadne bolieť, ale skoro nikdy to nie je vážne.

Most stings do not need medical attention, but in rare cases they can be serious. In one documented case the victim needed hospital treatment, though that person may have been unusually sensitive to hornet and wasp stings.1

Čo robí, keď sa bojí?

It stings when it is stepped on or grabbed and is defensive of its nest, and it may sting without warning when near its nest or food. When alarmed, it performs a dance outside the nest with loud buzzing, darting in and out, and attacking or approaching the target.1

Ak bodne

Most stings do not require medical attention. In rare serious cases, hospital treatment is needed; in one documented case, electrical cardioversion or the drug propafenone were effective treatments for the heart reactions.1
Vyškrab včelie žihadlo a schlaď to miesto.
Ak má postihnutý problémy s dýchaním, opuchnutú tvár alebo hrdlo, alebo sa cíti na odpadnutie, ide o alergickú núdzovú situáciu: zavolaj na tiesňovú linku a použi jeho adrenalínový autoinjektor, ak ho má.

Vždy najprv zavolaj na tiesňovú linku (112, 000, 911). Toto sú všeobecné rady prvej pomoci, nie lekárska rada. Základy prvej pomoci

Buď v bezpečí

Nikdy sa nedotýkaj divého zvieraťa, nechytaj ho ani ho nedráždi, aj keď je malé a aj keď vyzerá, že spí alebo je mŕtve.
Nechaj mu priestor. Ak nejaké stretneš, zostaň pokojný, pomaly cúvni a nechaj ho ísť svojou cestou.
Ak ťa bodne: zostaň pokojný, nehýb sa, zavolaj na tiesňovú linku (112, 000, 911) alebo sa rýchlo dostaň do nemocnice. Zapamätaj si, ako vyzeralo, fotka pomôže.

Nejde po tebe. Jed používa na chytanie potravy alebo na obranu a oveľa radšej sa schová. Viac o tom, ako zostať v bezpečí

Kde na svete?

Afrika Ázia Európa Severná Amerika Južná Amerika Austrália a Oceánia

Aké je veľké?

Aké je dlhé?

Koľko váži?

ľahšie ako kancelárska spinka

asi tak dlhé ako kancelárska spinkataké ľahké, že by si ho na ruke ani necítilby preletelo celé futbalové ihrisko za 11 sekúnd

Aký veľký je European hornet v porovnaní s TEBOU?

Iba matematika v tvojom prehliadači. Nič sa neukladá ani nikam neposiela.

Aké je rýchle?

Mucha domáca asi 7 km/h (4,4 mph)

European hornet asi 33 km/h (21 mph)

Šprintujúci človek asi 37 km/h (23 mph)

dobré vedieť

Fakty

It is known to steal prey from spiders. This was first documented in 2011, when one took a wrapped insect from a yellow garden spider's web.1

It is the largest eusocial wasp native to Europe.1

Only females have a stinger, because it is a modified egg-laying device. Males cannot sting.1

In Germany, killing a European hornet or destroying its nest has been illegal since 1 January 1987, with a fine of up to €50,000, though fines are rarely imposed.1

It is the only true hornet found in North America, where it was introduced from Europe as early as 1840.1

Lovec mýtov

Mýtus: European hornets are aggressive and will attack people for no reason.

Pravda: It generally avoids conflict. It stings mainly when it is stepped on or grabbed, or when its nest or food is threatened.1

Pre znalcov jedov

Vedecký názov: Vespa crabro
Skupina: Včely, osy a sršne
Rodina: Vespidae2
Rad: Hymenoptera
Kontinenty: Európa, Ázia
Mláďatá: The queen lays eggs in the combs inside the nest. In laboratory data, egg-laying averaged 2.31 eggs per day.1
Ako sa mu darí v prírode: Locally threatened or endangered in some areas1
Nebezpečenstvo pre ľudí: 2 / 5: Bolestivé3

Odkiaľ sú fakty

European hornet (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Vespa crabro (iNaturalist): mená a klasifikácia.
Venom Wiki: úroveň nebezpečenstva, typická veľkosť a odhad rýchlosti sú naše vlastné. Pozri, ako ich určujeme: Ako hodnotíme nebezpečenstvo.

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