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Southern black widow

Latrodectus mactans

Potreben je zdravnikLe redko smrtno nevarno, a po ugrizu je potreben zdravnik.

UgriziJe: Meso

Nevarnost za ljudi: ResnoPo ugrizu je potreben zdravnik. Smrtni primeri so zelo redki.

The southern black widow is a venomous spider that lives in North America. Mature females are shiny black with a red hourglass mark on their underside. Its bite can cause pain and other symptoms, but it is rarely fatal to healthy people.1

Živi v

Native to North America, mainly the southeastern United States. Also found in Mexico and the Dominican Republic, and established in Hawaii (USA).1

Severna Amerika

Domov

It builds tangled, three-dimensional cobwebs and waits in a retreat near them. One way it has reached Hawaii is through imported produce.1

Dolžina

8 mm do 1,3 cm (0,3 in do 0,5 in)1

Največja hitrost

približno 0,98 km/h (0,61 mph)

Na kopnem, groba ocena

Kaj je?

It eats a variety of insects, and also woodlice, millipedes, centipedes and other spiders. When prey is caught in its web, it rushes out, wraps the prey tightly in silk, and bites it. It then releases digestive enzymes into the wound and carries the prey back to its retreat to feed.1

Fotografija: Southern black widow — Southern black widow. Fotografija: unknown. CC BY 2.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Kako jo prepoznaš

Mature females are shiny black, with a red hourglass-shaped mark on the underside of a very rounded abdomen.1
Many females have an orange or red patch on the top of the abdomen, just above the spinnerets.1
Mature females have a body length of 8–13 mm, not counting the legs. Males are 3–6 mm.1
Juveniles look very different. They have a grey to black abdomen with white stripes across it, spotted with yellow and orange.1
Males are either purple, or look more like the juveniles.1

Pogosto zamenjujejo z: It is often confused with the false widows (genus Steatoda) and with the closely related northern (L. variolus) and western (L. hesperus) black widows.1

Moč strupa

Ugrizi

Strup pride ven skozi strupnike ali zobe, ko ugrizne.

Kaj naredi njen strup, ko ugrizne ali piči?

The venom contains alpha-latrotoxin, a neurotoxic venom that attacks the nerves. It causes pain and other symptoms, which are collectively called latrodectism.1

Kako nevarna je za ljudi?

Nevarnost za ljudi: ResnoPo ugrizu je potreben zdravnik. Smrtni primeri so zelo redki.

Deaths in healthy adults are exceedingly rare. No deaths were reported among 23,409 documented Latrodectus bites in the US from 2000 to 2008, though about 2,000 bites happen each year. Only mature females can bite people.1

Dobra novica: zdravniki imajo za to zdravilo (protistrup) ali zdravljenje.1

Če ugrizne

Ugriz umij in nanj daj ledeni obkladek proti bolečini. Poišči zdravniško pomoč, če je bolečina močna, se širi ali se poškodovanec slabo počuti.

Vedno najprej pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911). To so splošna navodila za prvo pomoč, ne zdravniški nasvet. Osnove prve pomoči

Ostani varen

Nikoli se ne dotikaj divje živali, je ne lovi in je ne draži, tudi če je majhna in tudi če je videti, kot da spi ali je mrtva.
Pusti ji prostor. Če jo srečaš, ostani miren, počasi stopi nazaj in jo pusti, da gre svojo pot.
Če te ugrizne: ostani miren, ne premikaj se, pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911) ali hitro pojdi v bolnišnico. Zapomni si, kako je izgledala, fotografija pomaga.

Ne preži nate. Strup uporablja, da ulovi hrano ali se zaščiti, in se veliko raje skrije. Več o varnosti

Kje na svetu?

Afrika Azija Evropa Severna Amerika Južna Amerika Avstralija in Oceanija

Kako velika je?

Kako dolga je?

tako majhna, da bi sedela na tvojem nohtu

Kakšne velikosti je Southern black widow v primerjavi s TABO?

Samo matematika v tvojem brskalniku. Nič se ne shrani in nič se nikamor ne pošlje.

Kako hitra je?

Želva približno 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Southern black widow približno 0,98 km/h (0,61 mph)

Človek, ki hodi približno 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

vredno vedeti

Dejstva

In 1933, Allan Blair let himself be bitten by one of these spiders to study its venom in humans and to convince sceptics that it could be dangerous.1

Females will occasionally eat their mates after reproduction.1

Only mature females can bite people. Their hollow, needle-like mouthparts are about 1 mm long, which is long enough to inject venom into people.1

The brown widow (Latrodectus geometricus) competes with black widows for territory. In areas where they share space, it can displace them.1

Males live only about three to four months, while females can live for up to three years.1

Razbijalec mitov

Mit: A black widow bite is usually fatal.

Resnica: Black widow bites are rarely fatal to healthy people. No deaths from the US species were reported among 23,409 documented bites from 2000 to 2008.1

Za strokovnjake za strupe

Znanstveno ime: Latrodectus mactans
Skupina: Pajki
Družina: Theridiidae2
Red: Araneae
Celine: Severna Amerika
Mladiči: A female can produce four to nine egg sacs in one summer, each holding about 100–400 eggs, which she guards in a silken container.1
Življenjska doba: približno 3 let1
Nevarnost za ljudi: 3 / 5: Resno3

Od kod so dejstva

Latrodectus mactans (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Latrodectus mactans (iNaturalist): imena in razvrstitev.
Venom Wiki: stopnja nevarnosti, tipična velikost in ocena hitrosti so naše lastne. Poglej, kako jih določimo: Kako ocenjujemo nevarnost.

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