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Black-necked spitting cobra

Naja nigricollis
Tungkol sa pangalan: The scientific name comes from Latin: 'niger' means black and 'collis' means neck. The genus name Naja comes from the Sanskrit word for cobra.1
Puwedeng pumatayPuwede kang mapatay nito kapag walang gamutan. Kung kagatin ka nito o duraan ng kamandag ang mga mata mo, humingi agad ng tulong.
Mga kobra, mamba at krait Nagsisirit o dumuduraKinakain: Karne
Panganib sa tao: NapakapanganibKaya nitong pumatay ng taong hindi nagamot.

The black-necked spitting cobra is a venomous snake found mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. It can squirt venom from its fangs at a threat, and that venom can cause permanent blindness if it gets into the eyes. Its colours vary a lot from place to place.1

Nakatira sa
Mostly sub-Saharan Africa, in western, eastern, central and parts of southern Africa. Absent from the Congo Basin rainforests.1
Aprika
Home
It usually lives in savanna and semi-desert, up to 1,800 metres, and also in moist savanna and cleared former forest, especially near rivers and streams. It is often met in villages and small towns, where it may come into direct contact with people. It hides in tree trunks, termite mounds and rodent holes.1
Haba
1.2 m hanggang 2.2 m (3.9 ft hanggang 7.2 ft)1
Pinakamataas na bilis
mga 7.8 km/h (4.8 mph)
Sa lupa, tantiya lang
Ano ang kinakain nito?
It feeds mainly on small rodents such as small rats and mice. It also eats birds, fishes, lizards, eggs and other snakes.1
Totoo!Litrato ng Black-necked spitting cobra
Black-necked spitting cobra. Litrato: Nigel Voaden. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Paano ito makikilala

  • Moderately sized, with a moderately distinct head, and grows to 1.2 to 2.2 metres.1
  • Many specimens have a broad black neck band, often with an orange or pinkish bar on the neck.1
  • Colours vary by region: black or pale grey, yellowish-brown, deep reddish-brown, olive brown, striped black and white, or totally white with dark eyes.1
  • Some have a yellow or reddish belly, while others lack the neck bands and belly colour.1

Lakas ng kamandag

Nagsisirit o dumudura

Nagsisirit o dumudura ito ng mahapding likido sa mga umaatake.

Ano ang epekto ng kamandag nito?

Its venom is mostly cytotoxic, meaning it destroys cells, and it also has typical elapid neurotoxic (nerve-attacking) effects and cardiotoxic (heart-damaging) components. A bite causes severe bleeding from the wound, tissue death around the bite, and difficulty breathing. Venom in the eyes causes extreme burning pain, loss of coordination, partial loss of vision, and permanent blindness.1

Gaano ito kapanganib sa tao?

Panganib sa tao: NapakapanganibKaya nitong pumatay ng taong hindi nagamot.

Its venom is medically significant. The death rate for untreated bites is about 5 to 10%, and under 1% in areas where it is common. When death occurs, it is usually from paralysis of the diaphragm, the muscle used for breathing.1

Ano ang ginagawa nito kapag natatakot?

It spits venom from its fangs at a threat, reaching up to 7 metres with good accuracy. It also bites readily, even with only slight provocation.1

Kung kumagat o dumura ito

  • If venom gets into the eyes, it should be washed off, because permanent blindness can follow if it is not. Anyone bitten should get medical treatment, as untreated bites carry a much higher risk of death.1
  • Panatilihing hindi gumagalaw at kalmado ang tao, tanggalin ang mga singsing at masisikip na bagay, at pumunta agad sa ospital: antivenom ang gamutan.
  • Kung nadura ang kamandag sa mga mata, banlawan agad ang mga ito ng maraming malinis na tubig.

Laging tawagan muna ang numero pang-emergency (112, 000, 911). Ito ay pangkalahatang gabay sa pangunang lunas, hindi payong medikal. Mga batayan ng pangunang lunas

Mag-ingat

  • Huwag kailanman hawakan, hulihin o asarin ang ligaw na hayop, kahit maliit, at kahit mukha itong tulog o patay.
  • Bigyan ito ng espasyo. Kung makasalubong ka ng isa, manatiling kalmado, dahan-dahang umatras at hayaan itong umalis.
  • Kung kagatin ka ng isa o duraan ng kamandag ang mga mata mo: manatiling kalmado, huwag gumalaw, tawagan ang numero pang-emergency (112, 000, 911) o pumunta agad sa ospital. Tandaan ang itsura nito, makakatulong ang litrato.

Hindi ka nito hinahabol. Ginagamit nito ang kamandag para manghuli ng pagkain o ipagtanggol ang sarili, at mas gusto pa nitong magtago. Higit pa tungkol sa pag-iingat

Saan sa mundo?

AprikaAsyaEuropaHilagang AmerikaTimog AmerikaAustralia at Oceania

Gaano ito kalaki?

Gaano ito kahaba?

Black-necked spitting cobra mga 2.2 m ang haba (7.2 ft)Bisikleta ng matanda mga 1.8 m (5.9 ft)Isang kotse mga 4.5 m (15 ft)
kasinghaba ng 4 pusang bahay mula ilong hanggang buntotkasinghaba ng 12 saging na magkakadugtongkayang tapusin ang 100 metro sa loob ng 46 segundo (9.6 ang kailangan ng pinakamabilis na tao)

Gaano kalaki si Black-necked spitting cobra kumpara sa IYO?

Math lang sa browser mo. Walang sine-save o ipinapadala kahit saan.

Gaano ito kabilis?

magandang malaman

Mga fact

1

It can spit venom accurately more than 7 metres away.1

2

In 1944, a British eye surgeon, Major Harold Ridley, described eye damage from a spit from this cobra in Ghana. He treated the man and followed his case until the eye fully recovered.1

3

A single bite can deliver 200 to 350 mg of venom (dry weight), according to a 1974 study by Minton.1

4

It is an excellent tree climber and can live in trees at times.1

5

Wild-caught individuals tend to be nervous and spit readily, while captive-bred animals are much calmer.1

6

It can be active at night or during the day, depending on the season, location and temperature.1

Myth buster

Mito: Spitting cobras only spit venom and do not bite.

Totoo: The black-necked spitting cobra also bites, and it will do so with only slight provocation.1

Para sa mga eksperto sa kamandag

Pangalang siyentipiko
Naja nigricollis
Grupo
Mga kobra, mamba at krait
Pamilya
Elapidae2
Ayos
Squamata
Mga kontinente
Aprika
Mga sanggol
Females usually lay 10 to 15 eggs, though they can lay between 8 and 22. The young are about 20 to 25 cm long at birth and are fully independent.1
Panganib sa tao
4 / 5: Napakapanganib3

Saan galing ang mga fact

  1. Black-necked spitting cobra (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Naja nigricollis (iNaturalist): mga pangalan at klasipikasyon.
  3. Venom Wiki: sarili naming tantiya ang antas ng panganib, karaniwang laki at hula sa bilis. Tingnan kung paano namin ito kinukuwenta: Paano namin sinusukat ang panganib.

Bawat fact sa pahinang ito ay may numerong tumuturo sa pinagmulan nito. Kung may mali kami, pasensya na, mahilig lang kami sa hayop, hindi kami science journal. Sabihin sa amin sa [email protected] at aayusin namin.

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