第 0492 号，共 1 402 张

Horseshoe pit viper

Craspedocephalus strigatus

名字的由来： Its common name comes from the pale buff, horseshoe-shaped (inverted "U") mark on the nape of its neck.1

需要看医生很少致命，但被咬了要去看医生。

蝮蛇

咬伤吃：肉

对人的危险: 严重被咬了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

The horseshoe pit viper is a venomous snake that lives only in the Western Ghats mountains of southern India. It has a pale horseshoe-shaped mark on the back of its neck, which gives it its common name. It is special because its natural range is very small, possibly the smallest of any pit viper confirmed from India.1

生活在

Western Ghats of South India, in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala, including the Upper Nilgiri Mountains1

亚洲

首页

It prefers montane forests, shola patches (small pockets of forest in grassland) and grasslands, at altitudes of 1,100 to 2,400 m. Most sightings are on the ground or on rock formations.1

长度

40 cm (1.3 ft)3

典型成年个体大小

最高速度

约 3.2 公里/小时（2 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It preys on frogs, smaller snakes and small rodents such as mice.1

Horseshoe pit viper的照片 — Horseshoe pit viper。照片：Gachand。 CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎样认出它

A pale buff, horseshoe-shaped (inverted "U") mark on the nape of the neck.1
Pale brownish or buff body with darker grey blotches and some white streaks.1
Small internasal scales on the snout.1
21 rows of smooth or weakly keeled scales along the middle of the body.1

常被误认为： It is often grouped with other pit vipers of peninsular India. It can be told apart by its small internasal scales, the second upper lip scale touching the loreal pit (the heat-sensing pit between eye and nostril), 21 rows of dorsal scales at midbody, and a single row of scales between the lip scales and the eye scales.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 严重被咬了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

如果它咬人

让人保持安静不动，被咬的肢体与心脏保持同一高度，摘下戒指和紧身物品，尽快送医院。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 2 根香蕉首尾相接一样长和 12 块玩具积木排成一排一样长110 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

Horseshoe pit viper和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只陆龟 约 0.3 公里/小时 (0.19 mph)

Horseshoe pit viper 约 3.2 公里/小时 (2 mph)

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

值得了解

事实

It may be the pit viper confirmed from India with the smallest geographic range of all.1

It was historically misidentified and misreported from places outside the Western Ghats, including the Eastern Ghats.1

It is terrestrial, spending most of its time on the ground or on rock formations.1

谣言粉碎机

谣言： The horseshoe pit viper is found across a wide area, including parts of the Eastern Ghats.

真相： Early reports from outside the Western Ghats were misidentifications. The species is endemic to the Western Ghats, in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala.1