第 0569 号，共 1 402 张

Red-necked keelback

Rhabdophis subminiatus

名字的由来： The specific name subminiatus refers to its reddish colour, from the Latin miniatus, meaning scarlet or vermilion.1

需要看医生很少致命，但被咬了要去看医生。

后沟牙蛇

咬伤吃：肉

对人的危险: 严重被咬了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

The red-necked keelback is a snake from the Indonesian islands of Java and Sumatra. It is unusual because it is venomous, which is rare for snakes in its family, and it was only recently reclassified as dangerous to people.1

生活在

Indonesian islands of Java and Sumatra1

亚洲

首页

The red-necked keelback generally lives near ponds.1

长度

70 cm到90 cm (2.3 ft到3 ft)1

最高速度

约 5.1 公里/小时（3.2 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It eats frogs, fish, lizards and small mammals. It also eats poisonous toads.1

Red-necked keelback的照片 — Red-necked keelback。照片：W.A. Djatmiko (Wie146)。 CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎样认出它

Greenish overall, with red and yellow areas near the head.1
The red colour may be limited to the neck, or it may be more extensive.1
Adults grow to 70 to 90 cm in total length, including the tail.1
Females are much larger than males.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

This snake is rear-fanged, so its venom is delivered through grooved teeth at the back of the upper jaw rather than through hollow front fangs. Its venom can cause internal bleeding, including bleeding in the brain, nausea, and blood clotting problems such as disseminated intravascular coagulation. In animal tests, the venom caused kidney failure.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 严重被咬了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

After one fatal and several near-fatal envenomations, the snake was reclassified as dangerous. Most bites to people involve the front teeth and cause no harmful effects, but rare bites from the rear fangs can be lethal. Recent reports describe severe envenomation and organ failure, affecting the kidneys and liver, after even brief bites.1

它害怕时会做什么？

When threatened, for example by being touched, it can burst its nuchal glands in the red neck, releasing stored toad toxins (bufotoxins) that cause fast heartbeat, drooling, convulsions and paralysis.1

如果它咬人

Care is needed when treating a bitten person. Injections should be avoided, as they may cause excessive bleeding.1
清洗咬伤处，让人保持冷静并就医。有些种类（比如非洲树蛇）可能几小时后才致命。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础