Venom Wiki / Totes les criatures / Aranyes

Núm. 0660 de 1 402

Mediterranean recluse

Loxosceles rufescens

Sobre el nom: The specific name rufescens means "reddish", referring to the colour of the species.1

Només fa malFa mal, però no et farà cap mal greu.

Aranyes

MossegadesMenja: Insectes

Perill per a les persones: DolorósPot fer molt de mal, però gairebé mai no és greu.

The Mediterranean recluse spider is a small spider that comes from the Mediterranean region. It has spread to many parts of the world through human travel and trade, and it is listed as one of the most invasive spiders in the world. Its bite can cause skin damage, so it is worth knowing what it looks like.1

Viu a

Mediterranean and western Asia; now also Madagascar, south-east Asia, Australia, islands and North America1

Europa, Àsia, Àfrica

Inici

It usually lives in caves, basements and tunnels, and prefers warm, generally dry weather. Where it is not native, it is often found in damp places such as basements, where it hunts cockroaches and silverfish. In 2021, spiders of this species were found in a university library basement, which led to the library closing for two days.1

Llargada

de 7 mm a 7,5 mm (de 0,3 in a 0,3 in)1

Velocitat màxima

uns 0,8 km/h (0,5 mph)

A terra, estimació aproximada

Què menja?

It is an active hunter that goes out at night to catch and kill insects, rather than waiting in a web. It mainly targets smaller insects, such as silverfish and cockroaches, because their soft bodies are easier to overcome.1

Foto de Mediterranean recluse — Mediterranean recluse. Foto: Ludivine Lamare. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Com reconèixer-lo

A medium-sized spider with three pairs of two eyes arranged in a triangle, instead of the usual eight eyes1
A violin-shaped pattern on the front part of the body (cephalothorax)1
Adults of both sexes grow to about 7 to 7.5 cm... no, 7 to 7.5 mm long1
Its web is very thin and fragile, made of silk strands laid in a disorganised way1

Sovint es confon amb: It is nearly indistinguishable in appearance from the brown recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa). Pest control for one can often be adapted for the other.1

Poder del verí

Mossegades

El verí surt pels ullals o les dents quan mossega.

Què fa el seu verí?

Its venom contains an enzyme called sphingomyelinase D, which causes necrosis, meaning the death of skin and other tissue around the bite. Most cases are medically insignificant. In some cases, penetrating pain starts 2 to 8 hours after the bite, followed by burning, and the area becomes red and painful. A blister may form that turns dark blue with a sunken centre over several days. In rare cases, the blood and kidneys can be damaged, which can lead to kidney failure.1

Com de perillós és per a les persones?

Perill per a les persones: DolorósPot fer molt de mal, però gairebé mai no és greu.

Most bites are medically insignificant, but some people are affected much more seriously. In 2024, the species was blamed for the deaths of two people in Italy.1

Si mossega

Renta la mossegada i posa-hi gel per al dolor. Busca ajuda mèdica si el dolor és fort, s'estén o la persona es troba malament.

Truca sempre primer al número d'emergències (112, 000, 911). Això són pautes generals de primers auxilis, no consells mèdics. Primers auxilis bàsics

Estigues segur

No toquis, atrapis ni molestis mai un animal salvatge, encara que sigui petit i encara que sembli adormit o mort.
Deixa-li espai. Si en trobes un, mantén la calma, recula a poc a poc i deixa que segueixi el seu camí.
Si te'n mossega un: mantén la calma, no et moguis, truca al número d'emergències (112, 000, 911) o ves de pressa a un hospital. Recorda com era, una foto ajuda.

No va a per tu. Fa servir el verí per caçar o per defensar-se, i prefereix mil vegades amagar-se. Més sobre com estar segur

On del món?

Àfrica Àsia Europa Amèrica del Nord Amèrica del Sud Austràlia i Oceania

Que gran és?

Quant fa de llarg?

tan petit que cap a la teva ungla

Que gran és Mediterranean recluse comparat amb TU?

Només càlculs al teu navegador. No es desa ni s'envia res enlloc.

Com de ràpid va?

Una tortuga uns 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Mediterranean recluse uns 0,8 km/h (0,5 mph)

Una persona caminant uns 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

val la pena saber-ho

Dades

It is listed as one of the most invasive spiders in the world.1

It can survive for long periods without food and water, which makes it hard to control in homes.1

Young spiders shed their skins several times as they grow, and these skins often look pale and ghostly.1

Males hunt more actively than females, partly because they are also searching for a mate.1

Per a experts en verins

Nom científic: Loxosceles rufescens
Grup: Aranyes
Família: Sicariidae2
Ordre: Araneae
Continents: Europa, Àsia, Àfrica
Cries: Egg sacs contain about 40 eggs, which take a few weeks to hatch, depending on the temperature.1
Com li va a la natura: Least Concern (South African National Biodiversity Institute)1
Perill per a les persones: 2 / 5: Dolorós3

D'on surten les dades

Mediterranean recluse spider (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Loxosceles rufescens (iNaturalist): noms i classificació.
Venom Wiki: el nivell de perill, la mida típica i la velocitat estimada són nostres. Mira com els calculem: Com valorem el perill.

Cada dada d'aquesta pàgina té un número que porta a la seva font. Si ens hem equivocat en alguna cosa, perdona, som fans dels animals, no una revista científica. Escriu-nos a [email protected] i ho arreglarem.

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