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Nose-horned viper

Vipera ammodytes

Sobre el nom: The scientific name ammodytes comes from Greek words meaning 'sand' and 'burrower' or 'diver', even though it prefers rocky places rather than sand.1

Pot matarEt pot matar sense tractament. Si et mossega, busca ajuda de pressa.

Escurçons i vibres

MossegadesMenja: Carn

Perill per a les persones: Molt perillósPot matar una persona que no rep tractament.

The nose-horned viper is a venomous snake with a small, soft horn on the tip of its snout. It lives on dry, rocky hillsides in northern Italy, the Balkans and parts of Asia Minor. It is often described as the most dangerous snake in Europe, so it is worth knowing what it looks like.1

Viu a

Northern Italy, the Balkans, Greece, Turkey, Georgia and Syria, with records in southern Austria, Romania and Bulgaria.1

Europa, Àsia

Inici

It mainly lives on dry, rocky hillsides with sparse plants. It is sometimes found in woodland edges and clearings, and near people on railway embankments, farmland and vineyards where rubble piles and stone walls are present. At lower latitudes it may be found above 2000 m.1

Llargada

de 14 cm a 85 cm (de 5,5 in a 2,8 ft)1

Velocitat màxima

uns 3,5 km/h (2,2 mph)

A terra, estimació aproximada

Què menja?

Adults mainly eat small mammals and birds, and juveniles mostly eat lizards. Larger prey is struck, released, tracked and then swallowed, while smaller prey is swallowed without using the venom.1

Foto de Nose-horned viper — Nose-horned viper. Foto: Holger Krisp. CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Com reconèixer-lo

A single small, soft and flexible horn on the snout, about 5 mm long.1
Males have a dark blotch or V-shaped marking on the back of the head and a thick black stripe running from behind the eye to the jaw.1
Males usually have a black tongue and a golden or coppery iris.1
Females are browner, with a less contrasting pattern and no dark blotch on the head.1
Both sexes have a dark zigzag stripe along the back, and the tail tip may be yellow, orange, red or green.1

Poder del verí

Mossegades

El verí surt pels ullals o les dents quan mossega.

Què fa el seu verí?

The venom has both proteolytic (breaks down tissue) and neurotoxic (attacks the nerves) parts, and it contains blood-clotting agents. Bites cause pain, swelling and discolouration, which may start straight away, and there are also reports of dizziness and tingling. Humans respond rapidly to this venom.1

Com de perillós és per a les persones?

Perill per a les persones: Molt perillósPot matar una persona que no rep tractament.

It is likely the most dangerous snake found in Europe, and in some areas it is a significant medical risk. The venom is rarely deadly when hospital care is available. It is generally lethargic and not aggressive, and it tends not to bite without considerable provocation.1

Bona notícia: els metges tenen un medicament (l'antiverí) o un tractament per a això.1

Què fa quan té por?

When surprised, some individuals stay still and hiss loudly, some hiss and then flee, and others try to bite immediately.1

Si mossega

Get to a hospital: the venom is rarely deadly when hospital care is available.1
Mantén la persona quieta i tranquil·la, mantén l'extremitat mossegada a l'altura del cor, treu-li anells i coses que estrenyin i porta-la de pressa a un hospital.

Truca sempre primer al número d'emergències (112, 000, 911). Això són pautes generals de primers auxilis, no consells mèdics. Primers auxilis bàsics

Estigues segur

No toquis, atrapis ni molestis mai un animal salvatge, encara que sigui petit i encara que sembli adormit o mort.
Deixa-li espai. Si en trobes un, mantén la calma, recula a poc a poc i deixa que segueixi el seu camí.
Si te'n mossega un: mantén la calma, no et moguis, truca al número d'emergències (112, 000, 911) o ves de pressa a un hospital. Recorda com era, una foto ajuda.

No va a per tu. Fa servir el verí per caçar o per defensar-se, i prefereix mil vegades amagar-se. Més sobre com estar segur

On del món?

Àfrica Àsia Europa Amèrica del Nord Amèrica del Sud Austràlia i Oceania

Que gran és?

Quant fa de llarg?

fa de llarg com 1,5 gats de casa del nas a la cuafa de llarg com 5 plàtans en filapodria recórrer 100 metres en 100 segons (l'humà més ràpid necessita 9,6)

Que gran és Nose-horned viper comparat amb TU?

Només càlculs al teu navegador. No es desa ni s'envia res enlloc.

Com de ràpid va?

Una tortuga uns 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Nose-horned viper uns 3,5 km/h (2,2 mph)

Una persona caminant uns 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

val la pena saber-ho

Dades

Its venom is used to make antivenin for the bites of other European vipers, and the snake is farmed for this purpose.1

Its horn is soft and flexible, not hard like a true horn.1

Before mating, males perform a combat dance, similar to that of adders.1

On one island, snakes were smaller than elsewhere, which suggests regional or island dwarfism.1

It hibernates for two to six months each year, depending on conditions.1

It is ovoviviparous, meaning the eggs hatch inside the mother, so the young are born alive.1

Desmuntamites

Mite: Because of its reputation, it is an aggressive snake that bites readily.

Veritat: It is generally lethargic and not at all aggressive. It tends not to bite without considerable provocation.1

Per a experts en verins

Nom científic: Vipera ammodytes
Grup: Escurçons i vibres
Família: Viperidae2
Ordre: Squamata
Continents: Europa, Àsia
Cries: It gives birth to live young, with one to twenty born in late summer or autumn (August to October). The young are 14 to 24 cm long at birth.1
Com li va a la natura: Strictly protected (Appendix II) under the Berne Convention1
Perill per a les persones: 4 / 5: Molt perillós3

D'on surten les dades

Vipera ammodytes (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Vipera ammodytes (iNaturalist): noms i classificació.
Venom Wiki: el nivell de perill, la mida típica i la velocitat estimada són nostres. Mira com els calculem: Com valorem el perill.

Cada dada d'aquesta pàgina té un número que porta a la seva font. Si ens hem equivocat en alguna cosa, perdona, som fans dels animals, no una revista científica. Escriu-nos a [email protected] i ho arreglarem.

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