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Chilean recluse

Loxosceles laeta

Om navnet: Laeta is Latin for "happy". In Spanish it is called araña de rincón, meaning "corner spider".1

Skal ses af en lægeSjældent dødelig, men et bid skal ses af en læge.

Edderkopper

BidSpiser: Kød

Fare for mennesker: AlvorligEt bid skal ses af en læge. Dødsfald er meget sjældne.

The Chilean recluse is a brown spider from South America that is considered the most dangerous of the recluse spiders. Its bite can cause serious skin damage and, in rare cases, serious illness that affects the whole body. It is also known for spreading to homes and buildings in several other countries.1

Lever i

Native to South America, including Chile, Peru, Ecuador, Argentina, Uruguay and southern and eastern Brazil1

Sydamerika

Forside

Dry, undisturbed places such as woodpiles, sheds, closets and garages. It is often found in human homes. It has also been found in buildings in the USA, Canada, Australia, Sweden, Finland and Germany, although it does not thrive in most of these places.1

Længde

8 mm til 4 cm (0,3 in til 1,6 in)1

Tophastighed

cirka 0,98 km/t (0,61 mph)

På land, groft gæt

Hvad spiser det?

It hunts at night, leaving its messy web to do so.1

Foto af Chilean recluse — Chilean recluse. Foto: Kaz Born. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Sådan genkender du det

Brown, ranging from light tan to brown.1
Usually has a dark, violin-shaped marking on the top of the front body section, but this marking may not be visible.1
Has six eyes arranged in three pairs, not the eight eyes most spiders have. Checking the eyes is more reliable than checking the marking.1
Measures 8 to 40 mm including legs, making it one of the larger recluse species.1
Builds irregular webs with a messy shelter of tangled threads. It leaves these webs at night to hunt.1

Forveksles ofte med: Other recluse spiders look similar. The violin marking is not a reliable guide, so the eye arrangement is the more important feature for identification. Six eyes in three pairs is the key clue.1

Giftkraft

Bid

Giften kommer ud gennem gifttænderne eller tænderne, når det bider.

Hvad gør dets gift, når det bider eller stikker?

Its venom contains sphingomyelinase D, a substance that destroys skin and tissue. Most bites cause mild irritation, but serious bites can cause a necrotising skin ulcer, which is an open wound where tissue dies. In 10 to 15% of cases, the venom causes a whole-body condition that damages organs, blood cells and kidneys. Bites may feel fine at first, and visible damage can take up to seven hours to appear, while the venom can spread through the body within minutes.1

Hvor farligt er det for mennesker?

Fare for mennesker: AlvorligEt bid skal ses af en læge. Dødsfald er meget sjældne.

Its bite often causes serious reactions, up to and including death. In a study covering 30 years of bites in Chile, 3 to 4% of cases ended in death. In a study of 250 cases in Santiago, Chile, from 1955 to 2000, 9 of the 47 people with the most severe whole-body reaction died. Skin damage can take months, and sometimes years, to heal, leaving deep scars.1

Gode nyheder: Lægerne har en medicin (modgift) eller en behandling mod det.1

Hvad gør det, når det er bange?

It is not aggressive and usually bites only when it is pressed against skin, such as when someone puts on clothing where it is hiding.1

Hvis det bider

Applying an ice pack helps, because the venom is more active at high temperatures. Aloe vera may soothe the skin and help control pain.1
Vask biddet, og læg en ispose på mod smerterne. Få lægehjælp, hvis smerterne er stærke, breder sig, eller personen har det dårligt.

Ring altid først til dit alarmnummer (112, 000, 911). Dette er generel førstehjælpsvejledning, ikke lægelig rådgivning. Grundlæggende førstehjælp

Pas på dig selv

Rør aldrig ved, fang eller dril et vildt dyr, heller ikke et lille et, og heller ikke hvis det ser ud til at sove eller være dødt.
Giv det plads. Hvis du møder et, så bliv rolig, træd langsomt tilbage, og lad det gå sin egen vej.
Hvis et bider dig: Bevar roen, hold dig i ro, ring til dit alarmnummer (112, 000, 911), eller kom hurtigt på hospitalet. Husk, hvordan det så ud, et billede hjælper.

Det er ikke ude efter dig. Det bruger sin gift til at fange føde eller beskytte sig selv, og det gemmer sig meget hellere. Mere om sikkerhed

Hvor i verden?

Afrika Asien Europa Nordamerika Sydamerika Australien & Oceanien

Hvor stort er det?

Hvor langt er det?

cirka lige så lang som en papirclips

Hvor stor er Chilean recluse i forhold til DIG?

Bare matematik i din browser. Intet bliver gemt eller sendt nogen steder hen.

Hvor hurtigt er det?

En skildpadde cirka 0,3 km/t (0,19 mph)

Chilean recluse cirka 0,98 km/t (0,61 mph)

Et menneske, der går cirka 5 km/t (3,1 mph)

værd at vide

Fakta

Its venom contains sphingomyelinase D, which is otherwise found only in a few harmful bacteria.1

Its venom contains about ten times more of this substance than other sicariid spiders, such as the brown recluse, according to one study.1

A colony has lived in the Natural History Museum of Helsinki, probably introduced through fruit shipments in the 1960s and 1970s.1

It can survive for a long time without food or water, which helps it spread to new places around the world.1

Chile's Loxosceles laeta can produce 60 μg of venom by electrical stimulation, more than the related Loxosceles intermedia and Loxosceles gaucho.1

Myteknuser

Myte: The violin-shaped marking on its back is a reliable way to identify it.

Sandhed: The marking may not be visible and is not reliable. Counting the eyes, which are six in three pairs, is more important for identification.1

For gifteksperter

Videnskabeligt navn: Loxosceles laeta
Gruppe: Edderkopper
Familie: Sicariidae2
Orden: Araneae
Kontinenter: Sydamerika
Fare for mennesker: 3 / 5: Alvorlig3

Hvor fakta kommer fra

Chilean recluse spider (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Loxosceles laeta (iNaturalist): navne og klassifikation.
Venom Wiki: fareniveauet, den typiske størrelse og hastighedsgættet er vores egne. Se, hvordan vi regner dem ud: Sådan vurderer vi faren.

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