Nr. 0386 af 1 402

Common lancehead

Bothrops atrox

Om navnet: The name fer-de-lance comes from French and means 'head of a lance' or 'spearhead'. The Spanish name barba amarilla means 'yellow beard', after the pale-yellow chin.1

DødeligEt af de mest dødelige dyr på Jorden. Hvis det bider dig, så ring straks efter hjælp.Hurtig hjælp og modgift (antiserum) redder de fleste. Ring straks til dit alarmnummer.

Grubehugorme

BidSpiser: Kød

Fare for mennesker: DødeligEt af de farligste dyr i verden.

The common lancehead is a highly venomous pit viper that lives in the tropical lowlands of northern South America and on the Caribbean island of Trinidad. It is one of the most common pit vipers in its range and is not endangered. Its venom disrupts blood clotting, which makes its bite especially serious.1

Lever i

Tropical lowlands of northern South America east of the Andes, and the Caribbean island of Trinidad1

Sydamerika

Forside

It is mostly found on the ground and prefers wet forests. In Trinidad it lives from sea level up to 940 m. It is also met in coffee and banana plantations, where it hunts rodents and where workers are often bitten.1

Længde

75 cm til 1,6 m (2,5 ft til 5,3 ft)1

Tophastighed

cirka 3,9 km/t (2,4 mph)

På land, groft gæt

Hvad spiser det?

It mainly eats small mammals such as rodents and opossums, and birds, but also takes frogs, lizards, smaller snakes, fish, crayfish, centipedes and tarantulas. Larger prey is struck and released, then tracked down by its scent trail.1

Foto af Common lancehead — Common lancehead. Foto: Alexandre S. Michelotto. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Sådan genkender du det

Ground colour is olive, brown, tan, grey or yellow, and rarely rusty.1
The body pattern is a series of blotches that often fuse into bands. The markings are X-like, which is why some local names refer to the letter X.1
The chin is pale yellow, and a dark stripe runs from behind the eye to the corner of the mouth.1
The irises are gold or bronze, and the tongue is black.1
Adults usually measure 75 to 125 cm in total length and are moderately heavy-bodied.1

Forveksles ofte med: It is often confused with Bothrops asper, which was once included in this species. Most authorities now consider B. asper to be a separate species. This confusion also makes reports of its maximum size unclear.1

Giftkraft

Bid

Giften kommer ud gennem gifttænderne eller tænderne, når det bider.

Hvad gør dets gift, når det bider eller stikker?

Its venom is haemorrhagic, meaning it damages the lining of blood vessels and uses up the substances that allow blood to clot. Symptoms can include severe bleeding, kidney failure, abnormal clotting, blisters and necrosis (death of body tissue). Bleeding in the brain can also occur. Recovery from the clotting problem has been seen 14 to 30 hours after a bite.1

Hvor farligt er det for mennesker?

Fare for mennesker: DødeligEt af de farligste dyr i verden.

The bite is serious and can be fatal. Plantation workers are often bitten. Juvenile snakes have more lethal venom that kills more quickly, and people bitten by young snakes are more likely to develop the clotting problem. In a case reported in the Brazilian Amazon, the patient died of a stroke even after antivenom was given. A Mexican polyvalent antivenom tested against it had no effect on the clotting problem.1

Hvad gør det, når det er bange?

It is easily agitated, and it can lie camouflaged for hours, nearly undetectable, then strike at high speed.1

Hvis det bider

Hold personen i ro og rolig, hold den bidte arm eller det bidte ben i hjertehøjde, tag ringe og stramme ting af, og kom hurtigt på hospitalet.

Ring altid først til dit alarmnummer (112, 000, 911). Dette er generel førstehjælpsvejledning, ikke lægelig rådgivning. Grundlæggende førstehjælp

Pas på dig selv

Rør aldrig ved, fang eller dril et vildt dyr, heller ikke et lille et, og heller ikke hvis det ser ud til at sove eller være dødt.
Giv det plads. Hvis du møder et, så bliv rolig, træd langsomt tilbage, og lad det gå sin egen vej.
Hvis et bider dig: Bevar roen, hold dig i ro, ring til dit alarmnummer (112, 000, 911), eller kom hurtigt på hospitalet. Husk, hvordan det så ud, et billede hjælper.

Det er ikke ude efter dig. Det bruger sin gift til at fange føde eller beskytte sig selv, og det gemmer sig meget hellere. Mere om sikkerhed

Hvor i verden?

Afrika Asien Europa Nordamerika Sydamerika Australien & Oceanien

Hvor stort er det?

Hvor langt er det?

lige så lang som 3 huskatte fra snude til halelige så lang som 9 bananer på rækkekunne løbe 100 meter på 92 sekunder (det hurtigste menneske skal bruge 9,6)

Hvor stor er Common lancehead i forhold til DIG?

Bare matematik i din browser. Intet bliver gemt eller sendt nogen steder hen.

Hvor hurtigt er det?

En skildpadde cirka 0,3 km/t (0,19 mph)

Common lancehead cirka 3,9 km/t (2,4 mph)

Et menneske, der går cirka 5 km/t (3,1 mph)

værd at vide

Fakta

An enzyme called reptilase, or batroxobin, is taken from its venom and used in modern medical laboratories to measure fibrinogen levels and blood clotting. The enzyme is not affected by heparin.1

Although it is mostly terrestrial, it is an excellent swimmer and will climb trees when needed to reach prey.1

Females with developing embryos move in and out of sunlight to keep themselves and the embryos at a constant temperature.1

Venom yield averages 124 milligrams, but can reach 342 milligrams.1

Despite the large-scale destruction of rainforests, it is among the most numerous and common of pit vipers.1

For gifteksperter

Videnskabeligt navn: Bothrops atrox
Gruppe: Grubehugorme
Familie: Viperidae2
Orden: Squamata
Kontinenter: Sydamerika
Unger: It gives birth to live young, up to 80 at once, with an average of about 60 per litter in equatorial regions after a gestation of three to four months.1
Hvordan det klarer sig i naturen: Not endangered1
Fare for mennesker: 5 / 5: Dødelig3

Hvor fakta kommer fra

Bothrops atrox (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Bothrops atrox (iNaturalist): navne og klassifikation.
Venom Wiki: fareniveauet, den typiske størrelse og hastighedsgættet er vores egne. Se, hvordan vi regner dem ud: Sådan vurderer vi faren.

Hvert faktum på denne side har et nummer, der peger på kilden. Hvis vi har taget fejl, så undskyld, vi er dyrefans, ikke et videnskabeligt tidsskrift. Skriv til os på [email protected], så retter vi det.

Skorpionen er sulten! Venom Wiki er et enmandsprojekt: gratis, uden reklamer og uden trackere. Lidt drikkepenge hjælper med at holde det online.Giv skorpionen mad