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Asp viper

Vipera aspis

O imenu: "Aspis" is a Greek word that means "viper".1

Treba liječnikaRijetko smrtonosno, ali ugriz treba pokazati liječniku.

Ljutice i riđovke

UgriziJede: Meso

Opasnost za ljude: OzbiljnoUgriz treba pokazati liječniku. Smrtni slučajevi su vrlo rijetki.

The asp viper is a venomous snake of south-western Europe. It lives in warm, sunny places with dry soil, often in hills and rocky areas. Its bite can be more severe than that of the European adder, so it is important to know what it looks like.1

Živi u

South-western Europe: France, Andorra, north-eastern Spain, south-western Germany, Switzerland, Italy and north-western Slovenia.1

Europa

Početna

It needs warm, sun-exposed areas with plenty of plant cover and fairly dry soil. It is found on sunny slopes, scrubland, forest clearings, woodland edges, mountain meadows, rubbish dumps and stone quarries. In France and Italy it is often found in low mountains and hills, especially in limestone areas.1

Duljina

od 60 cm do 85 cm (od 2 ft do 2,8 ft)1

Najveća brzina

oko 3,4 km/h (2,1 mph)

Na kopnu, gruba procjena

Što jede?

It is known to eat lizards, as shown in one photograph of an asp eating a lizard in Tuscany, Italy.1

Fotografija: Asp viper — Asp viper. Fotografija: Gilles San Martin. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Kako ga prepoznati

Average total length is 60–65 cm. Males can reach 85 cm, while females are rarely longer than 75 cm.1
The head is broad and triangular, and it is clearly separate from the neck.1
The tip of the snout is slightly but distinctly turned up.1
The tail is very short, and males are a little slimmer than females.1
The pattern on the back varies a lot. It rarely forms a clear zigzag, unlike the European adder.1

Često se miješa s: The European adder (Vipera berus) is a close relative. The asp's back pattern rarely forms a clear zigzag, as the adder's often does. Bites from the asp can be more severe than those from the adder.1

Otrovna snaga

Ugrizi

Otrov izlazi kroz očnjake ili zube kad ugrize.

Što radi njegov otrov kad ugrize ili ubode?

Its venom causes rapidly spreading, severe pain, followed by swelling and skin discolouration. Severe bleeding and tissue death can happen within a few hours. Vision may be badly affected, and in some cases victims developed breathing and swallowing difficulties and paralysis of the bitten limb.1

Koliko je opasno za ljude?

Opasnost za ljude: OzbiljnoUgriz treba pokazati liječniku. Smrtni slučajevi su vrlo rijetki.

About 4% of untreated bites are fatal. In Italy, this species causes 90% of snakebite cases and is the only snake in Italian mountains that can be potentially lethal. Its bites can be more severe than those of the European adder.1

Ako ugrize

Neka osoba miruje i bude smirena, drži ugriženi ud u visini srca, skini prstenje i sve što steže i brzo je odvedi u bolnicu.

Uvijek prvo nazovi broj za hitne slučajeve (112, 000, 911). Ovo su opće upute za prvu pomoć, a ne liječnički savjet. Osnove prve pomoći

Ostani na sigurnom

Nikad ne diraj, ne hvataj i ne zadirkuj divlju životinju, čak ni malu, i čak ni ako izgleda kao da spava ili je mrtva.
Ostavi joj prostora. Ako je sretneš, ne paniči, polako se odmakni i pusti je da ode svojim putem.
Ako te neka ugrize: ne paniči, miruj, nazovi broj za hitne slučajeve (112, 000, 911) ili brzo idi u bolnicu. Zapamti kako je izgledala, fotografija pomaže.

Ne želi ti ništa loše. Otrov koristi za lov hrane ili za obranu i mnogo bi se radije sakrilo. Više o sigurnosti

Gdje u svijetu?

Afrika Azija Europa Sjeverna Amerika Južna Amerika Australija i Oceanija

Koliko je veliko?

Koliko je dugo?

dugo kao 1,5 kućnih mačaka od nosa do repadugo kao 5 banana poredanih u nizumoglo bi pretrčati 100 metara za 110 sekundi (najbržem čovjeku treba 9,6)

Koliko je Asp viper velika životinja u usporedbi s TOBOM?

Samo matematika u tvom pregledniku. Ništa se ne sprema niti šalje nikamo.

Koliko je brzo?

Kornjača oko 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Asp viper oko 3,4 km/h (2,1 mph)

Osoba koja hoda oko 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

vrijedi znati

Činjenice

Ancient writers named the snake that supposedly killed Queen Cleopatra as an asp. Experts think a cobra would have been too big, over 5 feet long, to smuggle in a basket.1

In the past, the word "asp" was used to mean any venomous snake.1

In 2006, a number of these vipers were found in a wooded area near Poortugaal in the Netherlands. The species is not native there, so it was probably released or escaped.1

Asp vipers have been found at over 2,100 m above sea level in the Pyrenees, even though they are not strongly linked to high altitudes.1

The venom yield is relatively low. One study recorded a daily extraction of 9–10 mg.1

Razbijač mitova

Mit: Queen Cleopatra was killed by a cobra.

Istina: Ancient sources named the snake an asp. Experts think a cobra would have been too big to smuggle in a basket.1

Za stručnjake za otrove

Znanstveni naziv: Vipera aspis
Skupina: Ljutice i riđovke
Obitelj: Viperidae2
Redoslijed: Squamata
Kontinenti: Europa
Kako mu ide u divljini: Vulnerable (IUCN Red List, assessed 2022)1
Opasnost za ljude: 3 / 5: Ozbiljno3

Odakle su činjenice

Vipera aspis (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Vipera aspis (iNaturalist): imena i klasifikacija.
Venom Wiki: razina opasnosti, tipična veličina i procijenjena brzina naše su. Pogledaj kako ih izračunavamo: Kako ocjenjujemo opasnost.

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