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Cottonmouth

Agkistrodon piscivorus

O imenu: The scientific name translates from Greek and Latin as "hook-toothed fish-eater".1

Treba liječnikaRijetko smrtonosno, ali ugriz treba pokazati liječniku.

Jamičarke

UgriziJede: Ribe

Opasnost za ljude: OzbiljnoUgriz treba pokazati liječniku. Smrtni slučajevi su vrlo rijetki.

The cottonmouth is a large, venomous pit viper that lives in the southeastern United States. It is one of the few vipers in the world that spends much of its life in water. Its bite is painful and can be fatal, so it is important to recognise it and give it plenty of space.1

Živi u

Southeastern United States, from southeast Virginia south through the Florida peninsula and west to Arkansas and Oklahoma1

Sjeverna Amerika

Početna

It is usually found in or near water, especially slow-moving, shallow lakes, streams, swamps and marshes. It also enters bays and estuaries and swims between barrier islands and the mainland.1

Duljina

od 65 cm do 1,9 m (od 2,1 ft do 6,2 ft)1

Težina

od 201 g do 580 g (od 7 oz do 1,3 lb)1

Najveća brzina

oko 3,6 km/h (2,2 mph)

Na kopnu, gruba procjena

Što jede?

Its name means fish-eater. Young snakes wiggle the tips of their tails to lure prey animals.1

Fotografija: Cottonmouth — Cottonmouth. Fotografija: kirk gardner. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Kako ga prepoznati

Adults commonly exceed 80 cm in total length, and it is the largest species in its genus.1
Most adults are almost or totally black, with the head and facial markings as the main exceptions.1
Younger snakes have dark crossbands on a lighter tan, brown or reddish-brown ground colour. The tail tip is yellowish in juveniles and black in adults.1
Eastern populations have a broad, dark stripe running back from the eye along the side of the head.1
When threatened it gapes, showing the white lining of its mouth.1

Često se miješa s: The copperhead is often confused with the cottonmouth, especially when young. The cottonmouth has a broad dark stripe on the side of the head, while the copperhead has only a thin dark line. Watersnakes of the genus Nerodia look similar, with thick bodies and large heads, but they have round pupils and no loreal pit.1

Otrovna snaga

Ugrizi

Otrov izlazi kroz očnjake ili zube kad ugrize.

Što radi njegov otrov kad ugrize ili ubode?

The venom is rich in cytotoxic components that destroy tissue, and it is more toxic than the copperhead's venom. It does not contain the neurotoxic components found in many rattlesnakes, so it does not usually cause whole-body reactions. Symptoms commonly include bruising and swelling, and necrosis, or death of tissue, can occur.1

Koliko je opasno za ljude?

Opasnost za ljude: OzbiljnoUgriz treba pokazati liječniku. Smrtni slučajevi su vrlo rijetki.

Deaths are rare, but bites are relatively frequent in the lower Mississippi River Valley and along the Gulf of Mexico coast. A bite can leave scars and, on occasion, may require amputation. The pain is generally more severe than a copperhead bite but less than a rattlesnake bite. Stressed snakes, and larger snakes, are more likely to strike.1

Dobre vijesti: liječnici za ovo imaju lijek (protuotrov) ili liječenje.1

Što radi kad se uplaši?

When threatened it may coil its body, display its fangs and gape to show the white lining of its mouth. It often stands its ground rather than fleeing.1

Ako ugrize

Bites can be effectively treated with CroFab antivenom.1
Neka osoba miruje i bude smirena, drži ugriženi ud u visini srca, skini prstenje i sve što steže i brzo je odvedi u bolnicu.

Uvijek prvo nazovi broj za hitne slučajeve (112, 000, 911). Ovo su opće upute za prvu pomoć, a ne liječnički savjet. Osnove prve pomoći

Ostani na sigurnom

Nikad ne diraj, ne hvataj i ne zadirkuj divlju životinju, čak ni malu, i čak ni ako izgleda kao da spava ili je mrtva.
Ostavi joj prostora. Ako je sretneš, ne paniči, polako se odmakni i pusti je da ode svojim putem.
Ako te neka ugrize: ne paniči, miruj, nazovi broj za hitne slučajeve (112, 000, 911) ili brzo idi u bolnicu. Zapamti kako je izgledala, fotografija pomaže.

Ne želi ti ništa loše. Otrov koristi za lov hrane ili za obranu i mnogo bi se radije sakrilo. Više o sigurnosti

Gdje u svijetu?

Afrika Azija Europa Sjeverna Amerika Južna Amerika Australija i Oceanija

Koliko je veliko?

Koliko je dugo?

Koliko je teško?

teško kao 5 banana

dugo kao 4 kućnih mačaka od nosa do repadugo kao 11 banana poredanih u nizumoglo bi pretrčati 100 metara za 100 sekundi (najbržem čovjeku treba 9,6)

Koliko je Cottonmouth velika životinja u usporedbi s TOBOM?

Samo matematika u tvom pregledniku. Ništa se ne sprema niti šalje nikamo.

Koliko je brzo?

Kornjača oko 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Cottonmouth oko 3,6 km/h (2,2 mph)

Osoba koja hoda oko 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

vrijedi znati

Činjenice

Young snakes wiggle the tips of their tails to attract prey.1

It swims with its body near the surface and appears to float on top of the water.1

The average venom yield is about 125 mg dried, and the human lethal dose is unknown but has been estimated at 100 to 150 mg.1

It is one of the world's few semiaquatic vipers, and it is the most aquatic species in its genus.1

One researcher reported encountering these snakes on countless occasions, often almost stepping on them, without ever being bitten.1

Razbijač mitova

Mit: Any snake called a water moccasin is venomous.

Istina: The name water moccasin refers to the venomous cottonmouth. Many scientists dislike the name because it causes confusion with nonvenomous water snakes, which look similar.1

Za stručnjake za otrove

Znanstveni naziv: Agkistrodon piscivorus
Skupina: Jamičarke
Obitelj: Viperidae2
Redoslijed: Squamata
Kontinenti: Sjeverna Amerika
Opasnost za ljude: 3 / 5: Ozbiljno3

Odakle su činjenice

Agkistrodon piscivorus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Agkistrodon piscivorus (iNaturalist): imena i klasifikacija.
Venom Wiki: razina opasnosti, tipična veličina i procijenjena brzina naše su. Pogledaj kako ih izračunavamo: Kako ocjenjujemo opasnost.

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