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Gaboon viper

Bitis gabonica
O imenu: The name 'Gaboon' comes from Gabon, a name first given by the Portuguese to an estuary on which the town of Libreville was built.1
Može ubitiBez liječenja te može ubiti. Ako te ugrize, brzo potraži pomoć.
Ljutice i riđovke UgriziJede: Meso
Opasnost za ljude: Vrlo opasnoMože ubiti osobu koja ne dobije liječenje.

The Gaboon viper is a large, heavy snake with a striking pattern of pale and dark markings. It lives in the rainforests and savannas of sub-Saharan Africa. It is one of the most venomous snakes in the world, so knowing what it looks like matters.1

Živi u
Rainforests and savannas of sub-Saharan Africa, from Guinea and Ghana east to Kenya and northeast KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa1
Afrika
Početna
It is usually found in rainforests and nearby woodlands, mainly at low altitudes. It is also common in farmland near forests, such as cacao and coffee plantations, and it is often found on roads at night.1
Duljina
od 1,2 m do 1,8 m (od 4,1 ft do 5,7 ft)1
Težina
od 8,5 kg do 11 kg (od 19 lb do 25 lb)1
Najveća brzina
oko 4 km/h (2,5 mph)
Na kopnu, gruba procjena
Što jede?
It hunts mainly by ambush, waiting motionless for prey to pass. It eats amphibians, mammals and birds, and it is able to take prey as large as fully grown rabbits. Once it strikes, it holds on to its prey with its fangs rather than letting go.1
Stvarno!Fotografija: Gaboon viper
Gaboon viper. Fotografija: Nick Schaller. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Kako ga prepoznati

  • A large, heavy, stout body, with a large triangular head and a neck much narrower than the head1
  • A series of pale, rectangular blotches down the centre of the back, with dark hourglass markings edged in yellow1
  • A white or cream head with a fine dark central line and a dark blue-black triangle behind and below each eye1
  • Small raised 'horns' between the nostrils, which are tiny in this species1
  • Its camouflage works well among dead leaves under trees, so it can be hard to see1

Često se miješa s: The Congolese giant toad (Sclerophrys channingi) may be a mimic of this snake. Its head appears to resemble the viper's head, while its body is darker.1

Otrovna snaga

Ugrizi

Otrov izlazi kroz očnjake ili zube kad ugrize.

Što radi njegov otrov kad ugrize ili ubode?

The venom is cytotoxic, which means it damages cells, and cardiotoxic, which means it harms the heart. Each bite can deliver a large amount of venom, because the snake does not release its grip after biting.1

Koliko je opasno za ljude?

Opasnost za ljude: Vrlo opasnoMože ubiti osobu koja ne dobije liječenje.

Bites are extremely rare, because the snake is seldom aggressive and lives mostly in rainforest areas. Most bites happen when people accidentally step on it. Even an average bite from an average-sized snake is potentially fatal.1

Dobre vijesti: liječnici za ovo imaju lijek (protuotrov) ili liječenje.1

Što radi kad se uplaši?

When threatened it hisses loudly in a deep, steady rhythm and flattens its head slightly with each breath. It is unlikely to strike unless it is severely provoked.1

Ako ugrize

  • Any bite should be treated as a serious medical emergency. Antivenom should be given as soon as possible to save the limb or the person's life.1
  • Neka osoba miruje i bude smirena, drži ugriženi ud u visini srca, skini prstenje i sve što steže i brzo je odvedi u bolnicu.

Uvijek prvo nazovi broj za hitne slučajeve (112, 000, 911). Ovo su opće upute za prvu pomoć, a ne liječnički savjet. Osnove prve pomoći

Ostani na sigurnom

  • Nikad ne diraj, ne hvataj i ne zadirkuj divlju životinju, čak ni malu, i čak ni ako izgleda kao da spava ili je mrtva.
  • Ostavi joj prostora. Ako je sretneš, ne paniči, polako se odmakni i pusti je da ode svojim putem.
  • Ako te neka ugrize: ne paniči, miruj, nazovi broj za hitne slučajeve (112, 000, 911) ili brzo idi u bolnicu. Zapamti kako je izgledala, fotografija pomaže.

Ne želi ti ništa loše. Otrov koristi za lov hrane ili za obranu i mnogo bi se radije sakrilo. Više o sigurnosti

Gdje u svijetu?

AfrikaAzijaEuropaSjeverna AmerikaJužna AmerikaAustralija i Oceanija

Koliko je veliko?

Koliko je dugo?

Gaboon viper dugo oko 1,8 m (5,7 ft)Odrasla osoba oko 1,7 m (5,6 ft)Bicikl odrasle osobe oko 1,8 m (5,9 ft)

Koliko je teško?

teško kao 3 kućnih mačaka
dugo kao 4 kućnih mačaka od nosa do repadugo kao 10 banana poredanih u nizumoglo bi pretrčati 100 metara za 90 sekundi (najbržem čovjeku treba 9,6)

Koliko je Gaboon viper velika životinja u usporedbi s TOBOM?

Samo matematika u tvom pregledniku. Ništa se ne sprema niti šalje nikamo.

Koliko je brzo?

vrijedi znati

Činjenice

1

A 1.8 m specimen caught in 1973 weighed 11.3 kg with an empty stomach. It is the heaviest venomous snake in Africa.1

2

Its eyes can move in unusual ways. If its head is turned 360°, one eye tilts up and the other tilts down.1

3

Although it is one of the fastest-striking snakes in the world, it usually tolerates handling and rarely bites or hisses.1

4

Unlike many African vipers, such as the puff adder, it does not release its grip after biting.1

5

Males fight by intertwining their necks and pushing. The winner pushes the other's head to the ground and raises his own head by 20–30 cm.1

Razbijač mitova

Mit: Because it is calm and tolerant, it is safe to handle.

Istina: Some writers have described it as so docile it can be handled as freely as a harmless snake. This is absolutely not recommended: it is one of the fastest-striking snakes, and bites by bad-tempered individuals do occur.1

Za stručnjake za otrove

Znanstveni naziv
Bitis gabonica
Skupina
Ljutice i riđovke
Obitelj
Viperidae2
Redoslijed
Squamata
Kontinenti
Afrika
Mladunci
The young are born live, and a female can have 50 to 60 babies at one time.1
Opasnost za ljude
4 / 5: Vrlo opasno3

Odakle su činjenice

  1. Gaboon viper (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Bitis gabonica (iNaturalist): imena i klasifikacija.
  3. Venom Wiki: razina opasnosti, tipična veličina i procijenjena brzina naše su. Pogledaj kako ih izračunavamo: Kako ocjenjujemo opasnost.

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