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Saharan horned viper

Cerastes cerastes

O imenu: It is named after the pair of horn-like scales above each eye.1

Treba liječnikaRijetko smrtonosno, ali ugriz treba pokazati liječniku.

Ljutice i riđovke

UgriziJede: Meso

Opasnost za ljude: OzbiljnoUgriz treba pokazati liječniku. Smrtni slučajevi su vrlo rijetki.

The Saharan horned viper is a venomous snake that lives in the deserts of North Africa and parts of the Arabian Peninsula. It has a pair of small, horn-like scales above its eyes. Its venom can cause serious harm, so it is important to know what it looks like.1

Živi u

Deserts of Northern Africa, parts of the Arabian Peninsula and the Levant1

Afrika, Azija

Početna

It prefers dry, sandy areas with a few rocky outcrops, but avoids coarse sand. It is sometimes found around oases and up to 1,500 metres above sea level. It prefers cooler places, where annual average temperatures are 20 °C or less.1

Duljina

od 30 cm do 85 cm (od 1 ft do 2,8 ft)1

Najveća brzina

oko 3,3 km/h (2,1 mph)

Na kopnu, gruba procjena

Što jede?

It mainly eats lizards, especially geckos, small rodents and birds. It is an ambush predator that lies buried in sand next to rocks or under vegetation. It sometimes travels long distances at night to find prey.1

Fotografija: Saharan horned viper — Saharan horned viper. Fotografija: Bernard DUPONT. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Kako ga prepoznati

A pair of horn-like scales sits above each eye, although some individuals have no horns.1
Its colour is yellowish, pale grey, pinkish, reddish or pale brown, and almost always matches the sand or soil where it lives.1
A row of dark, semi-rectangular blotches runs along its back, and the belly is white.1
Its tail is usually thin and may have a black tip.1
It moves by sidewinding, pressing its body into the sand and leaving whole-body impressions.1

Često se miješa s: Its close relative Cerastes gasperettii was once considered a subspecies of this snake. The Saharan horned viper has a larger head relative to its body and horns are more common in it. When threatened, it rubs its coils together to make a rasping noise, which is similar to the sound made by snakes of the genus Echis, so sound alone does not identify it.1

Otrovna snaga

Ugrizi

Otrov izlazi kroz očnjake ili zube kad ugrize.

Što radi njegov otrov kad ugrize ili ubode?

Its venom is reported to act much like the venom of Echis snakes. A bite usually causes swelling, bleeding (haemorrhage), tissue death (necrosis), nausea, vomiting and blood in the urine. A high level of phospholipase A2, an enzyme that damages cells, may cause heart and muscle damage.1

Koliko je opasno za ljude?

Opasnost za ljude: OzbiljnoUgriz treba pokazati liječniku. Smrtni slučajevi su vrlo rijetki.

The estimated lethal dose of venom for a human is 40–50 mg of dried venom. Its venom is strong enough to cause serious harm in people.1

Što radi kad se uplaši?

If threatened, it forms a C-shaped posture and rapidly rubs its coils together, producing a rasping noise. It is otherwise fairly placid.1

Ako ugrize

Neka osoba miruje i bude smirena, drži ugriženi ud u visini srca, skini prstenje i sve što steže i brzo je odvedi u bolnicu.

Uvijek prvo nazovi broj za hitne slučajeve (112, 000, 911). Ovo su opće upute za prvu pomoć, a ne liječnički savjet. Osnove prve pomoći

Ostani na sigurnom

Nikad ne diraj, ne hvataj i ne zadirkuj divlju životinju, čak ni malu, i čak ni ako izgleda kao da spava ili je mrtva.
Ostavi joj prostora. Ako je sretneš, ne paniči, polako se odmakni i pusti je da ode svojim putem.
Ako te neka ugrize: ne paniči, miruj, nazovi broj za hitne slučajeve (112, 000, 911) ili brzo idi u bolnicu. Zapamti kako je izgledala, fotografija pomaže.

Ne želi ti ništa loše. Otrov koristi za lov hrane ili za obranu i mnogo bi se radije sakrilo. Više o sigurnosti

Gdje u svijetu?

Afrika Azija Europa Sjeverna Amerika Južna Amerika Australija i Oceanija

Koliko je veliko?

Koliko je dugo?

dugo kao 1,5 kućnih mačaka od nosa do repadugo kao 5 banana poredanih u nizumoglo bi pretrčati 100 metara za 110 sekundi (najbržem čovjeku treba 9,6)

Koliko je Saharan horned viper velika životinja u usporedbi s TOBOM?

Samo matematika u tvom pregledniku. Ništa se ne sprema niti šalje nikamo.

Koliko je brzo?

Kornjača oko 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Saharan horned viper oko 3,3 km/h (2,1 mph)

Osoba koja hoda oko 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

vrijedi znati

Činjenice

Its venom is strong enough that an estimated 40–50 mg could be lethal to a human.1

Its scales are strongly keeled, which is what makes its rasping warning sound.1

When it moves by sidewinding, its body leaves impressions in the sand that can be used to count its ventral scales.1

In ancient Egypt, a hieroglyph of this snake was used for the letter f, based on the species name ft.1

Females grow larger than males, and males have larger heads and eyes.1

Razbijač mitova

Mit: All Saharan horned vipers have horns above their eyes.

Istina: Hornless individuals do occur, although many have the horns.1

Za stručnjake za otrove

Znanstveni naziv: Cerastes cerastes
Skupina: Ljutice i riđovke
Obitelj: Viperidae2
Redoslijed: Squamata
Kontinenti: Afrika, Azija
Mladunci: It lays eggs, 8–23 at a time, under rocks and in abandoned rodent burrows. The eggs hatch after 50 to 80 days.1
Opasnost za ljude: 3 / 5: Ozbiljno3

Odakle su činjenice

Cerastes cerastes (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Cerastes cerastes (iNaturalist): imena i klasifikacija.
Venom Wiki: razina opasnosti, tipična veličina i procijenjena brzina naše su. Pogledaj kako ih izračunavamo: Kako ocjenjujemo opasnost.

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