Venom Wiki / Semua makhluk / Ular bandotan

No. 0458 dari 1 402

Mamushi

Gloydius blomhoffii

Tentang namanya: The specific name blomhoffii honours Jan Cock Blomhoff, who was director of the Dutch trading colony in Nagasaki, Japan, from 1817 to 1824.1

Bisa membunuhBisa membunuhmu tanpa pengobatan. Jika ia menggigitmu, segera cari bantuan.

Ular bandotan

GigitanMakan: Daging

Bahaya bagi manusia: Sangat berbahayaBisa membunuh orang yang tidak diobati.

The mamushi is a pit viper, a type of snake that has heat-sensing pits between its eyes and nostrils. It lives in Japan, in places such as swamps, meadows and farmland. It matters because its bite is one of the most dangerous of Japan's snakes.1

Hidup di

Japan only. There is no evidence it occurs in the Ryukyu Islands.1

Asia

Beranda

It lives in swamps, marshes, meadows, open woodland, rocky hillsides and montane rock outcroppings. It is often found in and around farmland because rodents are common there.1

Panjang

45 cm sampai 81 cm (1,5 ft sampai 2,7 ft)1

Kecepatan tertinggi

sekitar 3,3 km/jam (2,1 mph)

Di darat, perkiraan kasar

Apa makanannya?

It is an ambush predator. It waits hidden in vegetation or leaf litter, then eats mainly rodents, along with small birds, lizards and insects.1

Foto Mamushi — Mamushi. Foto: Alpsdake. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Cara mengenalinya

Background colour is pale grey, reddish-brown or yellow-brown.1
A series of irregular blotches runs along the body. Each blotch has a black border and often a lighter centre.1
The head is dark brown or black, with beige or pale-grey sides.1
Adults are typically 45 to 81 cm long.1
It has excellent camouflage and often hides among plants or leaf litter.1

Sering tertukar dengan: It is similar to the cottonmouths and copperheads (Agkistrodon) of the Americas, and it was long considered part of the same group.1

Kekuatan bisa

Gigitan

Bisanya keluar lewat taring atau gigi saat menggigit.

Apa efek bisanya?

Its venom is mostly haemolytic, meaning it breaks down red blood cells. It also contains two neurotoxins, which attack the nerves, and an anticoagulant, which stops blood from clotting. Reported effects include kidney failure, visual disturbances and palsy (paralysis).1

Seberapa berbahaya bagi manusia?

Bahaya bagi manusia: Sangat berbahayaBisa membunuh orang yang tidak diobati.

About 2000 to 3000 people in Japan are bitten by a mamushi each year. Approximately 10 die annually. Severe bites require intensive care, and typical bite victims need about one week of hospital treatment.1

Kabar baik: dokter punya obat (antibisa) atau pengobatan untuk ini.1

Jika ia menggigit

Treatment is given in hospital. It involves cutting the wound to remove venom and injecting mamushi antivenom. Pregnant women who are bitten have had miscarriages, so medical care is essential.1
Jaga orangnya tetap diam dan tenang, posisikan anggota tubuh yang digigit setinggi jantung, lepaskan cincin dan benda yang ketat, lalu segera ke rumah sakit.

Selalu hubungi nomor darurat dulu (112, 000, 911). Ini panduan pertolongan pertama umum, bukan nasihat medis. Dasar-dasar pertolongan pertama

Tetap aman

Jangan pernah menyentuh, menangkap, atau mengganggu hewan liar, walaupun kecil, dan walaupun tampak tidur atau mati.
Beri ia ruang. Jika bertemu, tetap tenang, mundur perlahan, dan biarkan ia pergi.
Jika ia menggigitmu: tetap tenang, jangan bergerak, hubungi nomor darurat (112, 000, 911) atau segera ke rumah sakit. Ingat seperti apa rupanya, foto sangat membantu.

Ia tidak mengincarmu. Ia memakai bisanya untuk menangkap makanan atau melindungi diri, dan ia jauh lebih suka bersembunyi. Lebih lanjut tentang tetap aman

Di mana di dunia?

Afrika Asia Eropa Amerika Utara Amerika Selatan Australia dan Oseania

Seberapa besar dia?

Seberapa panjang dia?

sepanjang 1,5 kucing peliharaan dari hidung ke ekorsepanjang 5 pisang yang dijajarkanbisa menempuh 100 meter dalam 110 detik (manusia tercepat butuh 9,6)

Seberapa besar Mamushi dibandingkan KAMU?

Hanya hitungan di browsermu. Tidak ada yang disimpan atau dikirim ke mana pun.

Seberapa cepat dia?

Kura-kura darat sekitar 0,3 km/jam (0,19 mph)

Mamushi sekitar 3,3 km/jam (2,1 mph)

Orang yang berjalan sekitar 5 km/jam (3,1 mph)

layak diketahui

Fakta

Recovery takes a long time. Bite victims may need several months to fully recover, even after hospital treatment and weeks of follow-up care.1

It is highly resistant to its own venom because its blood contains neutralising factors, including phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitors.1

Its beta-toxin acts before the nerve junction, so anticholinesterase drugs cannot block or treat its effects.1

Its venom contains a peptide called ablomin, which is very similar in amino acid sequence to helothermine, a venom peptide of the Mexican beaded lizard.1

It is considered one of the most venomous snakes in Japan, along with the yamakagashi and the Okinawan habu.1

Its venom varies very little across Japan in either potency or effects.1

Untuk ahli bisa

Nama ilmiah: Gloydius blomhoffii
Kelompok: Ular bandotan
Keluarga: Viperidae2
Urutan: Squamata
Benua: Asia
Bahaya bagi manusia: 4 / 5: Sangat berbahaya3

Dari mana faktanya berasal

Mamushi (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Gloydius blomhoffii (iNaturalist): nama dan klasifikasi.
Venom Wiki: tingkat bahaya, ukuran umum, dan perkiraan kecepatan adalah buatan kami. Lihat cara kami menghitungnya: Cara kami menilai bahaya.

Setiap fakta di halaman ini punya nomor yang menunjuk ke sumbernya. Kalau kami salah, maaf ya, kami penggemar hewan, bukan jurnal ilmiah. Beri tahu kami di [email protected] dan kami akan memperbaikinya.

Kalajengkingnya lapar! Venom Wiki adalah proyek satu orang: gratis, tanpa iklan, dan tanpa pelacak. Tip kecil membantu menjaganya tetap online.Beri makan kalajengking