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Gambar kartun Rhinoceros viper
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Rhinoceros viper

Bitis nasicornis
Tentang namanya: The common name refers to the horn-like scales on the end of its nose.1
Bisa membunuhBisa membunuhmu tanpa pengobatan. Jika ia menggigitmu, segera cari bantuan.
Ular viper dan adder GigitanMakan: Daging
Bahaya bagi manusia: Sangat berbahayaBisa membunuh orang yang tidak diobati.

The rhinoceros viper is a large, stout snake with bright colours and two or three horn-like scales on its nose. It lives in forests across West and Central Africa. It is venomous, and its venom is mainly hemotoxic, meaning it attacks the blood and circulation.1

Hidup di
Forests of West and Central Africa, from Guinea and Liberia to Ghana, and from Central African Republic to Uganda and western Kenya1
Afrika
Beranda
It mainly lives in forested areas and rarely goes into woodland. It hides by day in leaf litter, holes, around fallen trees or tangled tree roots. It is mainly on the ground but can climb into trees and thickets up to 3 m high, and is sometimes found in shallow pools.1
Panjang
72 cm sampai 1,1 m (2,4 ft sampai 3,5 ft)1
Kecepatan tertinggi
sekitar 3,6 km/jam (2,2 mph)
Di darat, perkiraan kasar
Apa makanannya?
It mainly eats small mammals, and in wetland habitats it also takes toads, frogs and fish. It hunts by ambush, often staying still for long periods while waiting for prey to pass by.1
Beneran!Foto Rhinoceros viper
Rhinoceros viper. Foto: Holger Krisp. CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Cara mengenalinya

  • Large and stout, with rough, heavily keeled scales1
  • Two or three horn-like scales on the end of the nose, the front pair often long1
  • Series of blue or blue-green oblong markings, each with a lemon-yellow line down the centre, set within black blotches1
  • Dark crimson triangles down the flanks, bordered with green or blue1
  • Top of the head blue or green, with a black arrow mark1

Sering tertukar dengan: The name horned puff adder is also used for Bitis caudalis (horned adder), which is a different species. Because of this, names can cause confusion, so the name butterfly viper is preferred.1

Kekuatan bisa

Gigitan

Bisanya keluar lewat taring atau gigi saat menggigit.

Apa efek bisanya?

Its venom is mainly hemotoxic, which attacks the circulatory system, destroying tissue and blood vessels and causing internal bleeding. It also has a neurotoxic component, which attacks the nerves. Small doses of the venom can be deadly. In the few detailed reports of human bites, massive swelling was described, which may lead to necrosis (death of tissue).1

Seberapa berbahaya bagi manusia?

Bahaya bagi manusia: Sangat berbahayaBisa membunuh orang yang tidak diobati.

Because its range is restricted, few bites have been reported and no statistics are available. In 2003 a man in Dayton, Ohio, who kept one as a pet, was bitten and died.1

Kabar baik: dokter punya obat (antibisa) atau pengobatan untuk ini.1

Apa yang dilakukannya saat takut?

When approached it often reveals its presence with a very loud hiss, almost a shriek, and it can strike quickly forwards or sideways without coiling first or giving a warning.1

Jika ia menggigit

  • Jaga orangnya tetap diam dan tenang, posisikan anggota tubuh yang digigit setinggi jantung, lepaskan cincin dan benda yang ketat, lalu segera ke rumah sakit.

Selalu hubungi nomor darurat dulu (112, 000, 911). Ini panduan pertolongan pertama umum, bukan nasihat medis. Dasar-dasar pertolongan pertama

Tetap aman

  • Jangan pernah menyentuh, menangkap, atau mengganggu hewan liar, walaupun kecil, dan walaupun tampak tidur atau mati.
  • Beri ia ruang. Jika bertemu, tetap tenang, mundur perlahan, dan biarkan ia pergi.
  • Jika ia menggigitmu: tetap tenang, jangan bergerak, hubungi nomor darurat (112, 000, 911) atau segera ke rumah sakit. Ingat seperti apa rupanya, foto sangat membantu.

Ia tidak mengincarmu. Ia memakai bisanya untuk menangkap makanan atau melindungi diri, dan ia jauh lebih suka bersembunyi. Lebih lanjut tentang tetap aman

Di mana di dunia?

AfrikaAsiaEropaAmerika UtaraAmerika SelatanAustralia dan Oseania

Seberapa besar dia?

Seberapa panjang dia?

Rhinoceros viper panjangnya sekitar 1,1 m (3,5 ft)Anjing sekitar 1 m (3,3 ft)Orang dewasa sekitar 1,7 m (5,6 ft)
sepanjang 2 kucing peliharaan dari hidung ke ekorsepanjang 6 pisang yang dijajarkanbisa menempuh 100 meter dalam 100 detik (manusia tercepat butuh 9,6)

Seberapa besar Rhinoceros viper dibandingkan KAMU?

Hanya hitungan di browsermu. Tidak ada yang disimpan atau dikirim ke mana pun.

Seberapa cepat dia?

layak diketahui

Fakta

1

Its scales are so rough that they can cut people who handle a snake that is struggling.1

2

Its vivid colours break up its outline in the dappled light of the forest floor, so it is very hard to see.1

3

Its fangs are not large, rarely more than 1.5 cm long, and when not in use they fold up into the roof of its mouth.1

4

Its bright colours fade quickly after it sheds its skin, as silt from its moist habitat builds up on its rough scales.1

5

At least one antivenom, called India Antiserum Africa Polyvalent, protects specifically against bites from this species.1

Pembongkar mitos

Mitos: Its bright colours make it easy to spot in the forest.

Faktanya: Its colours give it excellent camouflage in the dappled light of the forest floor, which can make it almost invisible.1

Untuk ahli bisa

Nama ilmiah
Bitis nasicornis
Kelompok
Ular viper dan adder
Keluarga
Viperidae2
Urutan
Squamata
Benua
Afrika
Anak
It gives birth to live young, between six and 38 in West Africa, in March and April at the start of the rainy season.1
Bahaya bagi manusia
4 / 5: Sangat berbahaya3

Dari mana faktanya berasal

  1. Bitis nasicornis (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Bitis nasicornis (iNaturalist): nama dan klasifikasi.
  3. Venom Wiki: tingkat bahaya, ukuran umum, dan perkiraan kecepatan adalah buatan kami. Lihat cara kami menghitungnya: Cara kami menilai bahaya.

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