No. 0524 dari 1 402

South American rattlesnake

Crotalus durissus

Bisa membunuhBisa membunuhmu tanpa pengobatan. Jika ia menggigitmu, segera cari bantuan.

GigitanMakan: Daging

Bahaya bagi manusia: Sangat berbahayaBisa membunuh orang yang tidak diobati.

The South American rattlesnake is a large, highly venomous pit viper. It lives across much of South America, except the Andes Mountains, and also on some Caribbean islands. It is the most widely spread member of its genus, which is why it matters to people in so many places.1

Hidup di

South America except the Andes, including Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay; also some Caribbean islands, including Aruba1

Amerika Selatan

Beranda

It prefers savanna and semi-arid areas, and is found in several types of scrub and seasonal forest. In the Chaco region of Paraguay, it lives in the drier, sandier areas.1

Panjang

1,9 m (6,2 ft)1

Kecepatan tertinggi

sekitar 4 km/jam (2,5 mph)

Di darat, perkiraan kasar

Apa makanannya?

It eats mainly rodents, which are abundant and available all year in most of its range. In some regions it also eats lizards of the Teiidae family.1

Foto South American rattlesnake — South American rattlesnake. Foto: Leandro Avelar. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Cara mengenalinya

Two distinct stripes start at the base of the head, and the colour between the lines is lighter than the stripes.1
Body colour and pattern vary, but most have 18 to 32 dark diamond or rhombic spots along the back.1
The head has a dark brown bar at the top and a dark band behind the eye.1
The tail is usually grey, with dark, faint crossed bands.1
The belly is white or yellowish with light grey spots, getting darker towards the tail.1

Kekuatan bisa

Gigitan

Bisanya keluar lewat taring atau gigi saat menggigit.

Apa efek bisanya?

Its venom contains neurotoxins, which attack the nerves, and myotoxins, which damage muscle. These cause progressive paralysis, including impaired or lost vision, hearing problems, drooping eyelids and weakness in the neck muscles, which can become so limp that the head appears broken. Breathing can eventually be stopped by paralysis, and the muscle damage can cause dark urine.1

Seberapa berbahaya bagi manusia?

Bahaya bagi manusia: Sangat berbahayaBisa membunuh orang yang tidak diobati.

It is a highly venomous snake. The mortality rate is 72% for bite cases without specific serum treatment, and 11% for cases with it. Acute kidney failure is considered the main cause of death.1

Kabar baik: dokter punya obat (antibisa) atau pengobatan untuk ini.1

Apa yang dilakukannya saat takut?

It is highly alert and gives little warning before it strikes, but it is seldom aggressive towards people.1

Jika ia menggigit

Specific serum treatment (antivenom) greatly lowers the death rate, so a bite needs urgent hospital care to give it.1
Jaga orangnya tetap diam dan tenang, posisikan anggota tubuh yang digigit setinggi jantung, lepaskan cincin dan benda yang ketat, lalu segera ke rumah sakit.

Selalu hubungi nomor darurat dulu (112, 000, 911). Ini panduan pertolongan pertama umum, bukan nasihat medis. Dasar-dasar pertolongan pertama

Tetap aman

Jangan pernah menyentuh, menangkap, atau mengganggu hewan liar, walaupun kecil, dan walaupun tampak tidur atau mati.
Beri ia ruang. Jika bertemu, tetap tenang, mundur perlahan, dan biarkan ia pergi.
Jika ia menggigitmu: tetap tenang, jangan bergerak, hubungi nomor darurat (112, 000, 911) atau segera ke rumah sakit. Ingat seperti apa rupanya, foto sangat membantu.

Ia tidak mengincarmu. Ia memakai bisanya untuk menangkap makanan atau melindungi diri, dan ia jauh lebih suka bersembunyi. Lebih lanjut tentang tetap aman

Di mana di dunia?

Afrika Asia Eropa Amerika Utara Amerika Selatan Australia dan Oseania

Seberapa besar dia?

Seberapa panjang dia?

sepanjang 4 kucing peliharaan dari hidung ke ekorsepanjang 11 pisang yang dijajarkanbisa menempuh 100 meter dalam 90 detik (manusia tercepat butuh 9,6)

Seberapa besar South American rattlesnake dibandingkan KAMU?

Hanya hitungan di browsermu. Tidak ada yang disimpan atau dikirim ke mana pun.

Seberapa cepat dia?

Kura-kura darat sekitar 0,3 km/jam (0,19 mph)

South American rattlesnake sekitar 4 km/jam (2,5 mph)

Orang yang berjalan sekitar 5 km/jam (3,1 mph)

layak diketahui

Fakta

The lethal dose for a 60 kg human is possibly 18 mg, while a snake's venom yield is 20 to 100 mg.1

Crotoxin, a neurotoxin, makes up about 48.5% to 89.4% of the venom proteins in one subspecies, though it is typically 60% to 70%.1

It is the most widely distributed member of its genus, and seven subspecies are currently recognised.1

It is more active at dusk and in the early hours of the morning.1

Males compete for access to females from the end of summer, with mating in autumn and the young born the following spring or summer.1

Pembongkar mitos

Mitos: Yellow venom means the bite damages blood and tissue, and white venom means it attacks the nerves.

Faktanya: Venom colour does not determine the type. Colour depends on pigments in the venom, not on whether it is haemorrhagic or neurotoxic.1

Untuk ahli bisa

Nama ilmiah: Crotalus durissus
Kelompok: Ular derik
Keluarga: Viperidae2
Urutan: Squamata
Benua: Amerika Selatan
Anak: It gives birth to live young (ovoviviparous), usually four to eight at a time. In Roraima, Brazil, gestation has been reported to last five months, with up to 14 young.1
Bahaya bagi manusia: 4 / 5: Sangat berbahaya3

Dari mana faktanya berasal

Crotalus durissus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Crotalus durissus (iNaturalist): nama dan klasifikasi.
Venom Wiki: tingkat bahaya, ukuran umum, dan perkiraan kecepatan adalah buatan kami. Lihat cara kami menghitungnya: Cara kami menilai bahaya.

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