No. 0043 / 1 402

Many-banded krait

Bungarus multicinctus

名前について： "Krait" comes from the Hindi word karait, which may trace back to a Sanskrit word meaning "black". The scientific name multicinctus is Latin for "encircled with many bands".1

命にかかわる地球でいちばん命にかかわる動物のひとつ。かまれたら、すぐに助けを呼ぼう。すぐの手当てと抗毒素で、ほとんどの人は助かるよ。すぐに救急番号に電話しよう。

コブラ、マンバ、アマガサヘビ

かむ食べもの：肉

人への危険: 命にかかわる世界でいちばん危険な動物のひとつ。

The many-banded krait is an extremely venomous snake found in central and southern China and much of Southeast Asia. It is black or bluish-black with many white bands across its body. It matters because its bite can be fatal, and it is one of the most venomous land snakes in the world.1

すんでいる場所

Central and southern China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Myanmar, Laos and northern Vietnam. Possibly Thailand too.1

アジア

ホーム

It mostly lives in marshy, humid lowland areas, often near rivers, streams, rice paddies and ditches. It can also be found in shrublands, woodlands, farmland, mangroves, villages and suburban areas, and it sometimes reaches elevations of about 1,500 m.1

長さ

1 mから1.9 m (3.3 ftから6.1 ft)1

最高速度

時速約7.3 km（時速4.5マイル）

陸で, おおまかな予想

何を食べるの？

It mainly feeds on fish, and also eats other snakes, including its own species. It also eats rodents, eels, frogs and occasionally lizards. Unlike other kraits, it is not mainly a snake-eater.1

Many-banded kraitの写真 — Many-banded krait。写真：Yung-Lun Lin。 CC BY 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

見分け方

The body is black to dark bluish-black.1
It has about 21 to 30 white or creamy white cross bands along its upper body.1
The short, pointed tail is black with 7 to 11 white cross bands.1
The head is mostly black, broad and oval, and slightly flat.1
Young snakes often have whitish blotches on the underside of the head.1

よくまちがえられるのは： The Malayan krait (Bungarus candidus) is easily confused with this species. A 2017 genetic study found that many museum specimens labelled as many-banded kraits in China were actually Malayan kraits.1

毒パワー

かむ

かむときに、毒が牙や歯から出るよ。

その毒（かむ・刺す毒）はどうなるの？

Its venom contains neurotoxins, which attack the nerves and the connections between nerves and muscles. Local effects are usually mild, with slight itching and numbness rather than serious swelling or pain. Symptoms usually start one to six hours after a bite and can include drooping eyelids, double vision, weakness, tongue paralysis, loss of voice and difficulty breathing.1

人にとってどれくらい危険？

人への危険: 命にかかわる世界でいちばん危険な動物のひとつ。

Estimated death rates from untreated bites vary between studies, from 25–35% to 70–100%. In a serious bite, breathing can stop and lead to death. In 2001, a juvenile bit the herpetologist Joe Slowinski in Myanmar and he died 29 hours later.1

こわいとき、どうするの？

It is generally timid and placid, but it is more defensive at night and thrashes about when handled.1

かまれたら

その人をじっとさせて落ちつかせ、指輪やきついものをはずして、急いで病院へ：治療には抗毒素が使われるよ。

まず必ず救急番号（112、000、911）に電話しよう。これは一般的な応急手当の案内で、医療のアドバイスではないよ。応急手当の基本

安全に過ごそう

野生の動物には、小さくても、ねているように見えても、死んでいるように見えても、ぜったいにさわったり、つかまえたり、からかったりしないこと。
近づかないで。出会ったら落ちついて、ゆっくりあとずさりして、そのまま行かせてあげよう。
かまれたら：落ちついて、じっとして、救急番号（112、000、911）に電話するか、急いで病院へ行こう。見た目をおぼえておいてね。写真があると役に立つよ。

きみをねらっているわけじゃないよ。毒はエサをとったり身を守ったりするために使うだけで、本当はかくれていたいんだ。安全に過ごすためにもっと知ろう

世界のどこ？

アフリカアジアヨーロッパ北アメリカ南アメリカオーストラリアとオセアニア

どれくらい大きい？

どれくらい長い？

飼いネコ4匹を鼻からしっぽまでならべた長さバナナ10本をたてにならべた長さ100 mを49秒で走れる（いちばん速い人間は9.6秒）

Many-banded kraitは、きみとくらべてどれくらい大きい？

ブラウザで計算しているだけ。何も保存されないし、どこにも送られないよ。

どれくらい速い？

歩いている人 時速約5 km (3.1 mph)

Many-banded krait 時速約7.3 km (4.5 mph)

自転車に乗った子ども 時速約12 km (7.5 mph)

知っておく価値あり

データ

Its venom is among the most potent of any land snake, based on lab tests on mice dating back to 1943.1

In 2001, a juvenile bite in Myanmar killed Joe Slowinski, which drew worldwide attention to the species.1

The snake that bit Slowinski was first thought to be this species, but it was later classified as a different species.1

It is active from April and retreats into hibernation in November.1

うそ・ほんとう

うそ： American soldiers in the Vietnam War called it the "two-step snake", believing its venom could kill a person within two steps.

ほんとう： Its symptoms usually start one to six hours after a bite, and death can take much longer. The two-step belief is wrong, and a bite still needs urgent medical care.1

毒のエキスパート向け

学名: Bungarus multicinctus
グループ: コブラ、マンバ、アマガサヘビ
家族: Elapidae2
ならびかえ: Squamata
大陸: アジア
赤ちゃん: It lays eggs. Females usually lay 3 to 15 eggs, and up to 20 are possible. The eggs hatch about six weeks later, and the young are about 25 cm long.1
寿命: 約13.7年1
人への危険: 5 / 5: 命にかかわる3