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Mediterranean recluse

Loxosceles rufescens

이름에 대해: The specific name rufescens means "reddish", referring to the colour of the species.1

그냥 아파아프지만 크게 해치지는 않아.

거미

물어먹이: 곤충

사람에게 위험한 정도: 아픔정말 아플 수 있지만, 심각한 경우는 거의 없어.

The Mediterranean recluse spider is a small spider that comes from the Mediterranean region. It has spread to many parts of the world through human travel and trade, and it is listed as one of the most invasive spiders in the world. Its bite can cause skin damage, so it is worth knowing what it looks like.1

사는 곳

Mediterranean and western Asia; now also Madagascar, south-east Asia, Australia, islands and North America1

유럽, 아시아, 아프리카

홈

It usually lives in caves, basements and tunnels, and prefers warm, generally dry weather. Where it is not native, it is often found in damp places such as basements, where it hunts cockroaches and silverfish. In 2021, spiders of this species were found in a university library basement, which led to the library closing for two days.1

길이

7 mm~7.5 mm (0.3 in~0.3 in)1

최고 속도

약 0.8 km/h (0.5 mph)

땅에서, 대략적인 추측

뭘 먹을까?

It is an active hunter that goes out at night to catch and kill insects, rather than waiting in a web. It mainly targets smaller insects, such as silverfish and cockroaches, because their soft bodies are easier to overcome.1

Mediterranean recluse 사진 — Mediterranean recluse. 사진: Ludivine Lamare. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

알아보는 법

A medium-sized spider with three pairs of two eyes arranged in a triangle, instead of the usual eight eyes1
A violin-shaped pattern on the front part of the body (cephalothorax)1
Adults of both sexes grow to about 7 to 7.5 cm... no, 7 to 7.5 mm long1
Its web is very thin and fragile, made of silk strands laid in a disorganised way1

자주 헷갈리는 동물: It is nearly indistinguishable in appearance from the brown recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa). Pest control for one can often be adapted for the other.1

독의 힘

물어

물 때 독니나 이빨로 독이 나와.

이 독(물거나 쏘는 독)은 어떤 작용을 할까?

Its venom contains an enzyme called sphingomyelinase D, which causes necrosis, meaning the death of skin and other tissue around the bite. Most cases are medically insignificant. In some cases, penetrating pain starts 2 to 8 hours after the bite, followed by burning, and the area becomes red and painful. A blister may form that turns dark blue with a sunken centre over several days. In rare cases, the blood and kidneys can be damaged, which can lead to kidney failure.1

사람에게 얼마나 위험할까?

사람에게 위험한 정도: 아픔정말 아플 수 있지만, 심각한 경우는 거의 없어.

Most bites are medically insignificant, but some people are affected much more seriously. In 2024, the species was blamed for the deaths of two people in Italy.1

물면

물린 곳을 씻고, 통증에는 얼음주머니를 대. 통증이 심하거나, 퍼지거나, 그 사람이 몸이 안 좋으면 의료 도움을 받아.

언제나 먼저 응급 번호(112, 000, 911)에 전화해. 이건 일반적인 응급처치 안내이고, 의학적 조언이 아니야. 응급처치 기본

안전하게 지내

야생 동물은 작더라도, 자거나 죽은 것처럼 보이더라도 절대 만지거나, 잡거나, 괴롭히지 마.
거리를 둬. 마주치면 침착하게 천천히 뒤로 물러나서 제 갈 길을 가게 해 줘.
물렸다면: 침착하게, 가만히 있고, 응급 번호(112, 000, 911)에 전화하거나 빨리 병원에 가. 생김새를 기억해 둬. 사진이 있으면 도움이 돼.

너를 노리는 게 아니야. 독은 먹이를 잡거나 자기를 지키려고 쓰는 거고, 사실은 숨는 걸 훨씬 좋아해. 안전하게 지내는 법 더 보기

세계 어디에?

아프리카 아시아 유럽 북아메리카 남아메리카 호주와 오세아니아

얼마나 클까?

얼마나 길까?

네 손톱 위에 앉을 만큼 작아

Mediterranean recluse, 너와 비교하면 얼마나 클까?

브라우저에서 계산만 해. 아무것도 저장되거나 어디로도 보내지지 않아.

얼마나 빠를까?

육지거북 약 0.3 km/h (0.19 mph)

Mediterranean recluse 약 0.8 km/h (0.5 mph)

걷는 사람 약 5 km/h (3.1 mph)

알아 둘 만해

사실

It is listed as one of the most invasive spiders in the world.1

It can survive for long periods without food and water, which makes it hard to control in homes.1

Young spiders shed their skins several times as they grow, and these skins often look pale and ghostly.1

Males hunt more actively than females, partly because they are also searching for a mate.1

독 전문가를 위해

학명: Loxosceles rufescens
무리: 거미
가족: Sicariidae2
정렬: Araneae
대륙: 유럽, 아시아, 아프리카
아기: Egg sacs contain about 40 eggs, which take a few weeks to hatch, depending on the temperature.1
야생에서의 상태: Least Concern (South African National Biodiversity Institute)1
사람에게 위험한 정도: 2 / 5: 아픔3