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Southern black widow

Latrodectus mactans

의사가 필요해치명적인 경우는 드물지만, 물리면 의사에게 가야 해.

물어먹이: 고기

사람에게 위험한 정도: 심각물리면 의사에게 가야 해. 죽는 일은 아주 드물어.

The southern black widow is a venomous spider that lives in North America. Mature females are shiny black with a red hourglass mark on their underside. Its bite can cause pain and other symptoms, but it is rarely fatal to healthy people.1

사는 곳

Native to North America, mainly the southeastern United States. Also found in Mexico and the Dominican Republic, and established in Hawaii (USA).1

북아메리카

홈

It builds tangled, three-dimensional cobwebs and waits in a retreat near them. One way it has reached Hawaii is through imported produce.1

길이

8 mm~1.3 cm (0.3 in~0.5 in)1

최고 속도

약 0.98 km/h (0.61 mph)

땅에서, 대략적인 추측

뭘 먹을까?

It eats a variety of insects, and also woodlice, millipedes, centipedes and other spiders. When prey is caught in its web, it rushes out, wraps the prey tightly in silk, and bites it. It then releases digestive enzymes into the wound and carries the prey back to its retreat to feed.1

Southern black widow 사진 — Southern black widow. 사진: unknown. CC BY 2.0, Wikimedia Commons.

알아보는 법

Mature females are shiny black, with a red hourglass-shaped mark on the underside of a very rounded abdomen.1
Many females have an orange or red patch on the top of the abdomen, just above the spinnerets.1
Mature females have a body length of 8–13 mm, not counting the legs. Males are 3–6 mm.1
Juveniles look very different. They have a grey to black abdomen with white stripes across it, spotted with yellow and orange.1
Males are either purple, or look more like the juveniles.1

자주 헷갈리는 동물: It is often confused with the false widows (genus Steatoda) and with the closely related northern (L. variolus) and western (L. hesperus) black widows.1

독의 힘

물어

물 때 독니나 이빨로 독이 나와.

이 독(물거나 쏘는 독)은 어떤 작용을 할까?

The venom contains alpha-latrotoxin, a neurotoxic venom that attacks the nerves. It causes pain and other symptoms, which are collectively called latrodectism.1

사람에게 얼마나 위험할까?

사람에게 위험한 정도: 심각물리면 의사에게 가야 해. 죽는 일은 아주 드물어.

Deaths in healthy adults are exceedingly rare. No deaths were reported among 23,409 documented Latrodectus bites in the US from 2000 to 2008, though about 2,000 bites happen each year. Only mature females can bite people.1

좋은 소식: 의사들에게는 이걸 치료할 약(항독소)이나 치료법이 있어.1

물면

물린 곳을 씻고, 통증에는 얼음주머니를 대. 통증이 심하거나, 퍼지거나, 그 사람이 몸이 안 좋으면 의료 도움을 받아.

언제나 먼저 응급 번호(112, 000, 911)에 전화해. 이건 일반적인 응급처치 안내이고, 의학적 조언이 아니야. 응급처치 기본

안전하게 지내

야생 동물은 작더라도, 자거나 죽은 것처럼 보이더라도 절대 만지거나, 잡거나, 괴롭히지 마.
거리를 둬. 마주치면 침착하게 천천히 뒤로 물러나서 제 갈 길을 가게 해 줘.
물렸다면: 침착하게, 가만히 있고, 응급 번호(112, 000, 911)에 전화하거나 빨리 병원에 가. 생김새를 기억해 둬. 사진이 있으면 도움이 돼.

너를 노리는 게 아니야. 독은 먹이를 잡거나 자기를 지키려고 쓰는 거고, 사실은 숨는 걸 훨씬 좋아해. 안전하게 지내는 법 더 보기

세계 어디에?

아프리카 아시아 유럽 북아메리카 남아메리카 호주와 오세아니아

얼마나 클까?

얼마나 길까?

네 손톱 위에 앉을 만큼 작아

Southern black widow, 너와 비교하면 얼마나 클까?

브라우저에서 계산만 해. 아무것도 저장되거나 어디로도 보내지지 않아.

얼마나 빠를까?

육지거북 약 0.3 km/h (0.19 mph)

Southern black widow 약 0.98 km/h (0.61 mph)

걷는 사람 약 5 km/h (3.1 mph)

알아 둘 만해

사실

In 1933, Allan Blair let himself be bitten by one of these spiders to study its venom in humans and to convince sceptics that it could be dangerous.1

Females will occasionally eat their mates after reproduction.1

Only mature females can bite people. Their hollow, needle-like mouthparts are about 1 mm long, which is long enough to inject venom into people.1

The brown widow (Latrodectus geometricus) competes with black widows for territory. In areas where they share space, it can displace them.1

Males live only about three to four months, while females can live for up to three years.1

오해 바로잡기

오해: A black widow bite is usually fatal.

진실: Black widow bites are rarely fatal to healthy people. No deaths from the US species were reported among 23,409 documented bites from 2000 to 2008.1

독 전문가를 위해

학명: Latrodectus mactans
무리: 거미
가족: Theridiidae2
정렬: Araneae
대륙: 북아메리카
아기: A female can produce four to nine egg sacs in one summer, each holding about 100–400 eggs, which she guards in a silken container.1
수명: 약 3년1
사람에게 위험한 정도: 3 / 5: 심각3