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Kartun Golden lancehead
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Golden lancehead

Bothrops insularis
Tentang nama: Its common name comes from the light yellowish-brown colour of its underside and from its lance-shaped head, which is typical of the genus Bothrops.1
Boleh membunuhBoleh membunuh kamu tanpa rawatan. Jika ia menggigit kamu, dapatkan bantuan dengan cepat.
Ular kapak GigitanMakan: Daging
Bahaya kepada manusia: Sangat berbahayaIa boleh membunuh orang yang tidak mendapat rawatan.

The golden lancehead is an extremely venomous pit viper that lives only on one small Brazilian island, Ilha da Queimada Grande. It is one of the most venomous snakes in Latin America. Because the island is uninhabited and closed to visitors, it is very unlikely that people will ever meet one.1

Hidup di
Ilha da Queimada Grande (Snake Island), off the coast of São Paulo state, Brazil. Found nowhere else in the wild.1
Amerika Selatan
Laman utama
The island has forest, clearings and shrubs, and a mild climate that stays between 18 °C and just over 22 °C. The rocky terrain makes the island hard to reach, and no humans or other mammals live there. The snake hunts in trees and shelters in leaf litter or rock crevices.1
Panjang
70 cm hingga 1.2 m (2.3 ft hingga 3.9 ft)1
Kelajuan maksimum
kira-kira 3.5 km/j (2.2 mph)
Di darat, anggaran kasar
Apa yang ia makan?
Adults mostly eat perching birds and also lizards, and may sometimes eat other golden lanceheads. After biting prey, it keeps the animal in its mouth instead of releasing it and tracking it, which is thought to suit hunting birds.1
Betul-betul!Gambar Golden lancehead
Golden lancehead. Gambar: Nayeryouakim. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Cara mengenalinya

  • Pale yellowish-brown body with a series of dorsal blotches that may be triangular or square.1
  • Belly is a uniform pale yellow or cream.1
  • Lance-shaped head that comes to a point at the nose.1
  • No well-defined stripe running behind the eye.1
  • Has a longer tail than its closest relative, B. jararaca.1

Sering dikelirukan dengan: Its closest relative is B. jararaca, which lives in southern Brazil, Paraguay and northern Argentina. The golden lancehead can be told apart from it mainly by its longer tail.1

Kuasa bisa

Gigitan

Bisa keluar melalui taring atau giginya apabila ia menggigit.

Apa kesan bisanya?

Its venom is adapted to the animals of the island, mainly reptiles, arthropods and migrating birds, so it works better on these than on mammals. Chemical analysis suggests it is five times as potent as the venom of B. jararaca and is the fastest-acting venom in the genus Bothrops. Its venom becomes more potent as the snake matures. Effects reported in envenomations include swelling, pain, nausea, vomiting, blood blisters, bruising, bleeding into the gut and brain, kidney failure and severe muscle damage.1

Berapa bahaya ia kepada manusia?

Bahaya kepada manusia: Sangat berbahayaIa boleh membunuh orang yang tidak mendapat rawatan.

No official report of a human bite from this species has been made, because the island is uninhabited. Other lanceheads cause more human deaths than any other group of snakes in North or South America. One researcher reports four human envenomations by this species, three of which were fatal. For lanceheads in general, the mortality rate is 0.5 to 3.0% with treatment and 7.0% without it.1

Jika ia menggigit

  • Pastikan orang itu tidak bergerak dan tenang, letakkan anggota yang digigit pada paras jantung, tanggalkan cincin dan barang yang ketat, dan pergi ke hospital dengan segera.

Sentiasa hubungi nombor kecemasan dahulu (112, 000, 911). Ini panduan pertolongan cemas umum, bukan nasihat perubatan. Asas pertolongan cemas

Kekal selamat

  • Jangan sesekali sentuh, tangkap atau usik haiwan liar, walaupun yang kecil, dan walaupun ia nampak tidur atau mati.
  • Beri ia ruang. Jika kamu terjumpa, bertenang, undur perlahan-lahan dan biarkan ia pergi.
  • Jika ia menggigit kamu: bertenang, jangan bergerak, hubungi nombor kecemasan (112, 000, 911) atau pergi ke hospital dengan segera. Ingat rupanya, gambar boleh membantu.

Ia bukan mahu memburu kamu. Ia guna bisanya untuk menangkap makanan atau melindungi diri, dan ia lebih suka bersembunyi. Lagi tentang keselamatan

Di mana di dunia?

AfrikaAsiaEropahAmerika UtaraAmerika SelatanAustralia & Oceania

Berapa besar ia?

Berapa panjang ia?

Golden lancehead panjangnya kira-kira 1.2 m (3.9 ft)Anjing kira-kira 1 m (3.3 ft)Orang dewasa kira-kira 1.7 m (5.6 ft)
sepanjang 2.5 ekor kucing rumah dari hidung ke ekorsepanjang 7 biji pisang disusun hujung ke hujungboleh melepasi 100 meter dalam 100 saat (manusia paling laju perlukan 9.6)

Berapa besar Golden lancehead berbanding KAMU?

Hanya matematik dalam pelayar kamu. Tiada apa yang disimpan atau dihantar ke mana-mana.

Berapa laju ia?

berguna untuk diketahui

Fakta

1

Its venom is thought to be five times as potent as that of its closest relative, B. jararaca.1

2

Its venom has evolved to suit the animals of its island, which has no native mammals.1

3

Its tail is longer than that of its closest relative, which may help it climb through trees and catch larger birds from a younger age.1

4

The island's population was estimated at between 2,414 and 2,899 snakes in 2021.1

5

Travel to the island is strictly prohibited by the Brazilian government.1

6

It is found only on Ilha da Queimada Grande, an island of about 43 hectares, and nowhere else in the wild.1

Untuk pakar bisa

Nama saintifik
Bothrops insularis
Kumpulan
Ular kapak
Keluarga
Viperidae2
Susunan
Squamata
Benua-benua
Amerika Selatan
Anak
Like most vipers, it gives birth to live young. The average number of young per pregnancy is 6.5.1
Keadaannya di alam liar
Critically Endangered (IUCN Red List)1
Bahaya kepada manusia
4 / 5: Sangat berbahaya3

Dari mana fakta datang

  1. Golden lancehead (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Bothrops insularis (iNaturalist): nama dan pengelasan.
  3. Venom Wiki: tahap bahaya, saiz biasa dan anggaran kelajuan adalah penilaian kami sendiri. Lihat cara kami mengiranya: Cara kami menilai bahaya.

Setiap fakta di halaman ini ada nombor yang menunjuk kepada sumbernya. Jika kami tersilap, maaf, kami peminat haiwan, bukan jurnal sains. Beritahu kami di [email protected] dan kami akan betulkan.

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