Venom Wiki / Semua makhluk / Ular kapak & adder

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Puff adder

Bitis arietans

Tentang nama: The specific name arietans means "striking violently", from the Latin word arieto.1

Membawa mautAntara haiwan paling maut di Bumi. Jika ia menggigit kamu, panggil bantuan dengan segera.Bantuan segera dan antibisa menyelamatkan kebanyakan orang. Hubungi nombor kecemasan dengan segera.

Ular kapak & adder

GigitanMakan: Daging

Bahaya kepada manusia: Membawa mautAntara haiwan paling berbahaya di dunia.

The puff adder is a large, stout viper that lives across most of Africa and parts of the Arabian Peninsula. It is one of the most dangerous snakes in Africa because it lives in places where many people live and work, and it has very potent venom. Its camouflage hides it well, so it is easy to step near without seeing it.1

Hidup di

Africa except the Sahara and rainforest regions; also Morocco, western Arabia and the Arabian Peninsula as far north as Ta'if1

Afrika, Asia

Laman utama

It lives in savannahs and grasslands, and is most often found in rocky grassland. It basks by footpaths and in low bushes, which is where people often meet it.1

Panjang

1.9 m (6.2 ft)1

Berat

6 kg (13 lb)1

Kelajuan maksimum

kira-kira 3.7 km/j (2.3 mph)

Di darat, anggaran kasar

Apa yang ia makan?

It mostly hunts at night and rarely searches actively for food. Instead, it waits in ambush for prey to pass by. Its prey includes rodents, birds, amphibians, lizards, other snakes and tortoises, and occasionally small deer.1

Gambar Puff adder — Puff adder. Gambar: Bernard DUPONT. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Cara mengenalinya

Stout, heavy body. Usually about 1.0 m long including the tail.1
Two dark bands across the top of the head, and two dark bars running from each eye down the sides of the head.1
Back is straw yellow, light brown, orange or reddish brown, with 18–22 dark brown to black chevron-shaped bands running down the back and tail.1
In some populations, the body is heavily flecked with brown and black, giving a dusty-brown or blackish look.1
Males from highland East Africa and the Western Cape of South Africa often have a striking yellow-and-black pattern.1

Kuasa bisa

Gigitan

Bisa keluar melalui taring atau giginya apabila ia menggigit.

Apa kesan bisanya?

Its venom is cytotoxic, which means it destroys body tissue. Bites cause severe pain, swelling, bleeding under the skin and, in serious cases, tissue death that can spread and lead to gangrene. Other symptoms include shock, nausea, vomiting, dizziness and periods of semi-consciousness. Death can occur in about 25 hours from a dose of around 100 mg, and deaths usually come 2–4 days after a bite from complications.1

Berapa bahaya ia kepada manusia?

Bahaya kepada manusia: Membawa mautAntara haiwan paling berbahaya di dunia.

It is responsible for more snakebite deaths in Africa than any other African snake. This is due to its wide range, common presence near people, large size, potent venom and aggressive temperament. Deaths are uncommon in untreated cases, but severe bites can be fatal, with one report giving a 52% mortality rate. Most deaths are linked to poor medical care.1

Apa yang ia buat apabila takut?

When disturbed, it hisses loudly and continuously, coils tightly with the front of its body in a taut S shape, and may back away towards cover before striking suddenly and fast.1

Jika ia menggigit

Pastikan orang itu tidak bergerak dan tenang, letakkan anggota yang digigit pada paras jantung, tanggalkan cincin dan barang yang ketat, dan pergi ke hospital dengan segera.

Sentiasa hubungi nombor kecemasan dahulu (112, 000, 911). Ini panduan pertolongan cemas umum, bukan nasihat perubatan. Asas pertolongan cemas

Kekal selamat

Jangan sesekali sentuh, tangkap atau usik haiwan liar, walaupun yang kecil, dan walaupun ia nampak tidur atau mati.
Beri ia ruang. Jika kamu terjumpa, bertenang, undur perlahan-lahan dan biarkan ia pergi.
Jika ia menggigit kamu: bertenang, jangan bergerak, hubungi nombor kecemasan (112, 000, 911) atau pergi ke hospital dengan segera. Ingat rupanya, gambar boleh membantu.

Ia bukan mahu memburu kamu. Ia guna bisanya untuk menangkap makanan atau melindungi diri, dan ia lebih suka bersembunyi. Lagi tentang keselamatan

Di mana di dunia?

Afrika Asia Eropah Amerika Utara Amerika Selatan Australia & Oceania

Berapa besar ia?

Berapa panjang ia?

Berapa berat ia?

seberat 1.5 ekor kucing rumah

sepanjang 4 ekor kucing rumah dari hidung ke ekorsepanjang 11 biji pisang disusun hujung ke hujunglebih kurang seberat kucing rumahboleh melepasi 100 meter dalam 97 saat (manusia paling laju perlukan 9.6)

Berapa besar Puff adder berbanding KAMU?

Hanya matematik dalam pelayar kamu. Tiada apa yang disimpan atau dihantar ke mana-mana.

Berapa laju ia?

Kura-kura darat kira-kira 0.3 km/j (0.19 mph)

Puff adder kira-kira 3.7 km/j (2.3 mph)

Orang berjalan kira-kira 5 km/j (3.1 mph)

berguna untuk diketahui

Fakta

A female in a Czech zoo gave birth to 156 young, the largest litter recorded for any snake species.1

Its fangs are long and can penetrate deeply, and the force of its strike can kill prey by physical trauma alone.1

A large adult can produce between 150 and 350 mg of venom at a time, with a maximum of 750 mg.1

Dogs and meerkats, which hunt by scent, find it hard to detect because of a form of olfactory crypsis, meaning it hides its scent.1

It is one of the most toxic vipers based on LD50 (the dose that kills half of test animals in a study).1

It is a good swimmer and climber, and one specimen was found 4.6 m above the ground in a dense tree.1

Pemecah mitos

Mitos: Puff adders are fast, aggressive snakes that chase people.

Hakikat: They are normally sluggish and rely on camouflage for protection. They strike when disturbed, but they do not usually pursue people.1

Untuk pakar bisa

Nama saintifik: Bitis arietans
Kumpulan: Ular kapak & adder
Keluarga: Viperidae2
Susunan: Squamata
Benua-benua: Afrika, Asia
Anak: It gives birth to live young in large numbers, usually 50–60, with litters of over 80 reported. Newborns are 12.5–17.5 cm long.1
Bahaya kepada manusia: 5 / 5: Membawa maut3

Dari mana fakta datang

Puff adder (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Bitis arietans (iNaturalist): nama dan pengelasan.
Venom Wiki: tahap bahaya, saiz biasa dan anggaran kelajuan adalah penilaian kami sendiri. Lihat cara kami mengiranya: Cara kami menilai bahaya.

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