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Pygmy copperhead

Austrelaps labialis

Tentang nama: "Copperhead" refers to the colour of the scales on its back and around its snout and eyes, and "pygmy" refers to its smaller size compared with its relatives.1

Perlu jumpa doktorJarang membawa maut, tetapi gigitannya perlu dirawat doktor.

Ular Australia

GigitanMakan: Daging

Bahaya kepada manusia: SeriusGigitannya perlu dirawat doktor. Kematian sangat jarang berlaku.

The pygmy copperhead is a small, venomous snake found only in South Australia, mainly on Kangaroo Island and in the Fleurieu Peninsula and Mount Lofty Ranges. It is the smallest of the Australian copperheads. Its venom is dangerous, so prompt medical treatment matters.1

Hidup di

Endemic to South Australia: Kangaroo Island, Fleurieu Peninsula and Mount Lofty Ranges. Sightings on islands between mainland Australia and Tasmania.1

Australia & Oceania

Laman utama

It lives in moist areas near streams, in swamps, marshland, and open sclerophyll woodland and forest, where average yearly rainfall is 600–800 mm. Sightings have also been made in the Adelaide Hills, and on islands near Tasmania, probably after accidentally stowing away on boats.1

Panjang

60 cm hingga 1.2 m (2 ft hingga 3.9 ft)1

Kelajuan maksimum

kira-kira 6.4 km/j (4 mph)

Di darat, anggaran kasar

Apa yang ia makan?

It eats smaller animals, most often small lizards, frogs and tadpoles. It feeds more often than the highland and lowland copperheads. Cannibalism has also been reported.1

Gambar Pygmy copperhead — Pygmy copperhead. Gambar: unknown. CC0, iNaturalist.

Cara mengenalinya

Dorsal scales are brown to grey, with a darker stripe along the spine.1
The belly is cream to light grey, with red along the edges that fades to a brown-grey underside.1
The lip scales are barred with dark colour.1
Adults average about 80 cm long, with males usually larger than females.1
Newborns often have paler backsides than adults.1

Sering dikelirukan dengan: The highland and lowland copperheads are larger, and the pygmy copperhead is the smallest of the Australian copperheads. It is not closely related to the American copperhead, Agkistrodon contortrix.1

Kuasa bisa

Gigitan

Bisa keluar melalui taring atau giginya apabila ia menggigit.

Apa kesan bisanya?

The venom is strongly neurotoxic, which means it attacks the nerves, and its toxicity is similar to that of the Indian cobra. It is weakly coagulant and strongly anticoagulant, meaning it can both disrupt blood clotting and destroy blood and muscle. Without prompt treatment, a bite can cause possibly irreversible damage to nerve endings.1

Berapa bahaya ia kepada manusia?

Bahaya kepada manusia: SeriusGigitannya perlu dirawat doktor. Kematian sangat jarang berlaku.

Bites are considered possibly lethal. The snake is not known for being aggressive and is unlikely to attack unless it is stepped on or purposely provoked.1

Berita baik: doktor ada ubat (antibisa) atau rawatan untuk ini.1

Apa yang ia buat apabila takut?

It is generally unobtrusive and usually hides under leaf litter, old iron and haystacks.1

Jika ia menggigit

Prompt antivenom treatment is essential, because bites are considered lethal without it. Antivenom developed from tiger snake venom cannot completely neutralise the neurotoxicity of pygmy copperhead venom.1
Imobilisasi tekanan: balut tempat gigitan dengan pembalut elastik secara kukuh, kemudian teruskan ke atas sepanjang seluruh anggota, pasang bidai, dan pastikan orang itu langsung tidak bergerak sehingga bantuan tiba.
Jangan basuh tempat gigitan: hospital boleh menguji bisa yang tertinggal pada kulit untuk memilih antibisa yang betul.

Sentiasa hubungi nombor kecemasan dahulu (112, 000, 911). Ini panduan pertolongan cemas umum, bukan nasihat perubatan. Asas pertolongan cemas

Kekal selamat

Jangan sesekali sentuh, tangkap atau usik haiwan liar, walaupun yang kecil, dan walaupun ia nampak tidur atau mati.
Beri ia ruang. Jika kamu terjumpa, bertenang, undur perlahan-lahan dan biarkan ia pergi.
Jika ia menggigit kamu: bertenang, jangan bergerak, hubungi nombor kecemasan (112, 000, 911) atau pergi ke hospital dengan segera. Ingat rupanya, gambar boleh membantu.

Ia bukan mahu memburu kamu. Ia guna bisanya untuk menangkap makanan atau melindungi diri, dan ia lebih suka bersembunyi. Lagi tentang keselamatan

Di mana di dunia?

Afrika Asia Eropah Amerika Utara Amerika Selatan Australia & Oceania

Berapa besar ia?

Berapa panjang ia?

sepanjang 2.5 ekor kucing rumah dari hidung ke ekorsepanjang 7 biji pisang disusun hujung ke hujungboleh melepasi 100 meter dalam 56 saat (manusia paling laju perlukan 9.6)

Berapa besar Pygmy copperhead berbanding KAMU?

Hanya matematik dalam pelayar kamu. Tiada apa yang disimpan atau dihantar ke mana-mana.

Berapa laju ia?

Orang berjalan kira-kira 5 km/j (3.1 mph)

Pygmy copperhead kira-kira 6.4 km/j (4 mph)

Budak naik basikal kira-kira 12 km/j (7.5 mph)

berguna untuk diketahui

Fakta

Sightings on islands near Tasmania are probably the result of snakes stowing away on boats.1

It is the only snake endemic to South Australia.1

It is the smallest of the Australian copperhead snakes.1

Its litter size is about half that of the other Australian copperheads, which is linked to its smaller body size.1

In field research, only about two thirds of surveyed adult females were reproductive, which suggests females do not breed every year.1

Pemecah mitos

Mitos: Because it is small and not aggressive, the pygmy copperhead is harmless.

Hakikat: Its venom is strongly neurotoxic, and its bite is considered possibly lethal without prompt antivenom treatment.1

Untuk pakar bisa

Nama saintifik: Austrelaps labialis
Kumpulan: Ular Australia
Keluarga: Elapidae2
Susunan: Squamata
Benua-benua: Australia & Oceania
Anak: It gives birth to live young, commonly seven per litter, with an average maximum of 20 in a single litter.1
Bahaya kepada manusia: 3 / 5: Serius3

Dari mana fakta datang

Pygmy copperhead (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Austrelaps labialis (iNaturalist): nama dan pengelasan.
Venom Wiki: tahap bahaya, saiz biasa dan anggaran kelajuan adalah penilaian kami sendiri. Lihat cara kami mengiranya: Cara kami menilai bahaya.

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