Venom Wiki / Uumamoota hunda / Bofoota pit viper

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Urutu

Bothrops alternatus

Waa'ee maqaa: The scientific name alternatus is Latin for "alternating", apparently because of the staggered markings along its body. The common name urutu refers to the crescent markings on its body.1

Ni ajjeesuu danda'aYaalii malee si ajjeesuu danda'a. Yoo si ciniine, dafii gargaarsa argadhu.

Bofoota pit viper

Ciniinnaa

Balaa namootaaf: Baay'ee balaa qabaNama yaalii hin arganne ajjeesuu danda'a.

The urutu is a large, stout pit viper from South America. It is highly venomous and is an important cause of snakebites in the areas where it lives. Its body has a striking pattern of dark crescent-shaped markings.1

Kan jiraatu

Southeastern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina1

Ameerikaa Kibbaa

Mana

It lives in tropical and semitropical forests, temperate deciduous forests, marshes, swamps, riverbanks, grasslands and cerrado. It is also common in sugarcane plantations, and it is usually absent from dry environments.1

Dheerina

80 cm hanga 1,7 m (2,6 ft hanga 5,5 ft)1

Ariitii olaanaa

gara 3,8 km/sa'a (2,4 mph)

Lafa irra, tilmaama

Suuraa Urutu — Urutu. Suuraa: K. Zyskowski & Y. Bereshpolova. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Akkaataa itti beekamu

Large and stout, most adults are 80 to 120 cm long.1
The top of the head is usually chocolate brown to almost black, with tan to white markings.1
The body has 22 to 28 dark brown to black markings, each bordered in cream or white. Some look like a cross, and some look like a headphone shape.1
The pattern on the tail forms a zigzag.1
A dark brown to black stripe runs along the underside from the neck to the tail tip.1

Humna summii

Ciniinnaa

Summiin yeroo ciniinu ilkaan summii ykn ilkaan isaa keessaan ba'a.

Summiin isaa (ciniinnaa ykn iddiin) maal godha?

The urutu is highly venomous. Its venom mainly contains phospholipase A2, snake venom metalloproteinases, snake venom serine proteases and C-type lectins. In one study of 32 patients, all had local pain and swelling, 97% had prolonged blood clotting, 41% had bleeding (usually from the gums), 32% had blistering and 9% had necrosis (death of tissue).1

Namootaaf hammam balaa qaba?

Balaa namootaaf: Baay'ee balaa qabaNama yaalii hin arganne ajjeesuu danda'a.

Bites are an important cause of snakebite in its range and often cause severe local tissue damage, but they are rarely fatal. In a survey of 6,601 snakebite cases in Central and South America, 384 were attributed to this species, and 8 of those (2%) were fatal. Some bites have caused gangrene that required amputation, and in 2004 a 44-year-old woman died of a brain bleed after being bitten at home.1

Oduu gaarii: doktoroonni qoricha (qoricha farra summii, antivenom) ykn yaalii kanaaf qabu.1

Yoo ciniine

In one Brazilian hospital study, all 32 bitten patients were treated with specific antivenin (antivenom), and none of them died.1
Namicha sochii malee fi tasgabbaa'aa tursiisi, qaama ciniiname sadarkaa onnee irra kaa'i, qubeelaa fi waan cimee hidhu baasi, dafii hospitaala geessi.

Yeroo hunda dursa lakkoofsa balaa tasaa kee bilbili (112, 000, 911). Kun qajeelfama gargaarsa jalqabaa waliigalaa ti, gorsa yaalaa miti. Bu'uura gargaarsa jalqabaa

Nageenyaan turi

Bineensa bosonaa gonkumaa hin tuqin, hin qabin, hin tuttuqin, xiqqaa ta'us, rafe ykn du'e fakkaatus.
Iddoo itti kenni. Yoo tokko wajjin wal argite, tasgabbaa'i, suuta duubatti deebi'iitii karaa isaa akka deemu dhiisi.
Yoo tokko si ciniine: tasgabbaa'i, sochii malee turi, lakkoofsa balaa tasaa kee (112, 000, 911) bilbili ykn dafii hospitaala ga'i. Maal akka fakkaatu yaadadhu, suuraan ni gargaara.

Si miidhuuf si hin barbaadu. Summii isaa nyaata qabachuuf ykn of eeguuf fayyadama, dhokachuu immoo baay'ee filata. Waa'ee nageenyaa dabalataan

Addunyaa keessaa eessatti?

Afrikaa Eeshiyaa Awurooppaa Ameerikaa Kaabaa Ameerikaa Kibbaa Awustiraaliyaa fi Oshiyaaniyaa

Hammam guddaa dha?

Dheerinni isaa hammam?

akka adurree manaa 3 funyaan hanga eegeetti dheerataakka muuzii 9 walitti aananii tarreeffamanii dheeratameetira 100 sekoondii 95 keessatti fiiguu danda'a (namni hundaa caalaa ariifatu 9,6 barbaada)

Urutu SI wajjin yoo wal bira qabamu hammam guddaa dha?

Herrega qofa barsiisaa kee keessatti. Homtuu hin olkaa'amu, eessayyuu hin ergamu.

Hammam ariifata?

Elee gara 0,3 km/sa'a (0,19 mph)

Urutu gara 3,8 km/sa'a (2,4 mph)

Nama miillaan deemu gara 5 km/sa'a (3,1 mph)

beekuun gaarii dha

Dhugaawwan

Genome sequencing found 59 toxin genes from 16 toxin families.1

Its verified maximum length is 169 cm, although reports of over 2 m exist.1

Some unusual individuals have dark stripes running the full length of the body.1

In some specimens the pattern is so concentrated that the markings and the gaps between them are the same colour.1

Females are significantly longer and heavier than males.1

Soba diigaa

Soba: The bite of this snake is almost always deadly.

Dhugaa: Bites are rarely fatal, although they often cause severe local tissue damage. In one survey, only 2% of cases attributed to this species were fatal.1

Ogeeyyii summiitiif

Maqaa saayinsii: Bothrops alternatus
Garee: Bofoota pit viper
Maatii: Viperidae2
Tartiiba: Squamata
Ardiiwwan: Ameerikaa Kibbaa
Ilmoolee: It gives birth to live young, with captive females producing 3 to 12 young and some females producing up to 24. The newborns look like adults but are more brightly coloured, and they can strike venomously from birth.1
Balaa namootaaf: 4 / 5: Baay'ee balaa qaba3

Dhugaawwan eessaa dhufu

Bothrops alternatus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Bothrops alternatus (iNaturalist): maqaa fi ramaddii.
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