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Mamushi

Gloydius blomhoffii

Davart il num: The specific name blomhoffii honours Jan Cock Blomhoff, who was director of the Dutch trading colony in Nagasaki, Japan, from 1817 to 1824.1

Po mazzarPo ta mazzar senza tractament. Sch'el ta morda, tschertga spert agid.

Vipras da fossa

MorsasMangia: Charn

Privel per umans: Fitg privlusEl po mazzar ina persuna che na survegn nagin tractament.

The mamushi is a pit viper, a type of snake that has heat-sensing pits between its eyes and nostrils. It lives in Japan, in places such as swamps, meadows and farmland. It matters because its bite is one of the most dangerous of Japan's snakes.1

Viva en

Japan only. There is no evidence it occurs in the Ryukyu Islands.1

Asia

Pagina iniziala

It lives in swamps, marshes, meadows, open woodland, rocky hillsides and montane rock outcroppings. It is often found in and around farmland because rodents are common there.1

Lunghezza

45 cm fin 81 cm (1,5 ft fin 2,7 ft)1

Sveltezza maximala

circa 3,3 km/h (2,1 mph)

Sin terra, stima approximativa

Tge mangia el?

It is an ambush predator. It waits hidden in vegetation or leaf litter, then eats mainly rodents, along with small birds, lizards and insects.1

Foto da Mamushi — Mamushi. Foto: Alpsdake. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Co renconuscher el

Background colour is pale grey, reddish-brown or yellow-brown.1
A series of irregular blotches runs along the body. Each blotch has a black border and often a lighter centre.1
The head is dark brown or black, with beige or pale-grey sides.1
Adults are typically 45 to 81 cm long.1
It has excellent camouflage and often hides among plants or leaf litter.1

Savens confundì cun: It is similar to the cottonmouths and copperheads (Agkistrodon) of the Americas, and it was long considered part of the same group.1

Forza dal tissi

Morsas

Il tissi vegn or tras ses dents da tissi u ses dents, cura ch'el morda.

Tge fa ses tissi?

Its venom is mostly haemolytic, meaning it breaks down red blood cells. It also contains two neurotoxins, which attack the nerves, and an anticoagulant, which stops blood from clotting. Reported effects include kidney failure, visual disturbances and palsy (paralysis).1

Quant privlus è el per umans?

Privel per umans: Fitg privlusEl po mazzar ina persuna che na survegn nagin tractament.

About 2000 to 3000 people in Japan are bitten by a mamushi each year. Approximately 10 die annually. Severe bites require intensive care, and typical bite victims need about one week of hospital treatment.1

Bunas novitads: ils medis han in medicament (antiserum) u in tractament per quai.1

Sch'el morda

Treatment is given in hospital. It involves cutting the wound to remove venom and injecting mamushi antivenom. Pregnant women who are bitten have had miscarriages, so medical care is essential.1
Tegna la persuna immobila e quieta, tegna il member mors a l'autezza dal cor, prenda giu anels e chaussas strenschidas e va spert en in ospital.

Clama adina l'emprim tes numer d'urgenza (112, 000, 911). Quai è in cussegl general d'emprim agid, betg in cussegl medicinal. Basa da l'emprim agid

Resta en segirezza

Na tutga, na piglia e na tizza mai in animal selvadi, gnanc in pitschen, ed era sch'el para da durmir u d'esser mort.
Dà spazi a l'animal. Sche ti scuntras in, resta calm, va plaun enavos e lascha ir el per sia via.
Sch'in tal animal ta morda: resta calm, na ta mova betg, clama tes numer d'urgenza (112, 000, 911) u va spert en in ospital. Ta regorda co ch'el veseva or, ina foto gida.

El n'ha betg quai sin tai. El dovra ses tissi per pigliar nutriment u per sa defender, e sa zuppa bler pli gugent. Dapli davart la segirezza

Nua sin il mund?

Africa Asia Europa America dal Nord America dal Sid Australia ed Oceania

Quant grond è el?

Quant lung è el?

uschè lung sco 1,5 giats da chasa dal nas fin a la cuauschè lung sco 5 bananas ina suenter l'autrapudess currer 100 meters en 110 secundas (l'uman il pli svelt dovra 9,6)

Quant grond è Mamushi cumpareglià cun TAI?

Mo matematica en tes navigatur. Nagut na vegn memorisà u tramess.

Quant svelt è el?

Ina tartaruga circa 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Mamushi circa 3,3 km/h (2,1 mph)

Ina persuna che va a pe circa 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

bun da savair

Fatgs

Recovery takes a long time. Bite victims may need several months to fully recover, even after hospital treatment and weeks of follow-up care.1

It is highly resistant to its own venom because its blood contains neutralising factors, including phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitors.1

Its beta-toxin acts before the nerve junction, so anticholinesterase drugs cannot block or treat its effects.1

Its venom contains a peptide called ablomin, which is very similar in amino acid sequence to helothermine, a venom peptide of the Mexican beaded lizard.1

It is considered one of the most venomous snakes in Japan, along with the yamakagashi and the Okinawan habu.1

Its venom varies very little across Japan in either potency or effects.1

Per experts da tissi

Num scientific: Gloydius blomhoffii
Gruppa: Vipras da fossa
Famiglia: Viperidae2
Urden: Squamata
Continents: Asia
Privel per umans: 4 / 5: Fitg privlus3

Da nua che vegnan ils fatgs

Mamushi (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Gloydius blomhoffii (iNaturalist): nums e classificaziun.
Venom Wiki: il stgalim da privel, la grondezza tipica e la stima da la sveltezza èn noss agens. Guarda co che nus als calculain: Co che nus valitain il privel.

Mintga fatg sin questa pagina ha in numer che renvia a sia funtauna. Sche nus avain fatg in sbagl, perstgisa, nus essan fans d'animals, betg ina revista scientifica. Scriva a nus a [email protected] e nus curregin.

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