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Pumpkin toadlet

Brachycephalus ephippium
Fa mo malBetg tutgarQuai fa mal, ma i na ta fa nagin donn serius.
Raunas tossicas, rospis e salamandras d'aua Tissi en sia pelMangia: CharnTossic, betg tissientà
Privel per umans: DolurusQuai po far propi mal, ma i n'è bunamain mai grav.

The pumpkin toadlet is a tiny, brightly coloured frog that lives in the leaf litter of the Atlantic rainforests of southeastern Brazil. Adults are bright yellow-orange, a warning sign that their skin and body carry a strong toxin. Scientists have found that the head and back of this frog glow under ultraviolet light.1

Tossic u tissientà? Animals tissientads injecteschan tissi cun ina morsa u ina piztgada. Animals tossics èn nuschaivels, sch'ins als tutga u als mangia. Quest qua è tossic.
Viva en
Southeastern Brazil: Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, southeastern São Paulo and southeastern Minas Gerais1
America dal Sid
Pagina iniziala
It lives among leaf litter on the forest floor of Atlantic rainforests, at altitudes of 200 to 1,250 metres. It is active during the day.1
Lunghezza
1,2 cm fin 2 cm (0,5 in fin 0,8 in)1
Sveltezza maximala
circa 2 km/h (1,2 mph)
Sin terra, stima approximativa
Tge mangia el?
It feeds on tiny invertebrates found in the leaf litter.1
Propi!Foto da Pumpkin toadlet
Pumpkin toadlet. Foto: Carlos Otávio Gussoni. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Co renconuscher el

  • Adults are bright yellow-orange.1
  • Newly hatched young are brown and well camouflaged.1
  • It is very small, with adults measuring 12.5 to 19.7 mm from snout to vent.1
  • Females tend to be larger than males.1

Savens confundì cun: It is closely related to the red pumpkin toadlet (B. pitanga), which also glows under ultraviolet light and shares its inability to hear its own call.1

Forza tossica

Tissi en sia pel

Sia pel è tossica. Igl è privlus d'al tutgar, d'al litgar u d'al mangiar.

Tge fa sia substanza tossica?

This frog is poisonous rather than venomous, so it does not inject venom. Its main toxin is 11-oxotetrodotoxin, which is extremely rare in animals, even marine ones, and is four to five times more potent than tetrodotoxin. The toxins are found in the skin and ovaries but are mostly concentrated in the liver.1

Quant privlus è el per umans?

Privel per umans: DolurusQuai po far propi mal, ma i n'è bunamain mai grav.

Tge fa el, cura ch'el ha tema?

Its bright yellow-orange colour is a warning display (aposematism) that tells predators it is toxic.1

Sch'insatgi l'ha tutgà u mangià

  • Sch'insatgi ha tutgà in tal animal: lava bain ils mauns e na tutga betg ils egls u la bucca. Sch'in uffant u in animal da chasa ha litgà u mangià in tal animal: clama il center toxicologic u tes numer d'urgenza.

Clama adina l'emprim tes numer d'urgenza (112, 000, 911). Quai è in cussegl general d'emprim agid, betg in cussegl medicinal. Basa da l'emprim agid

Resta en segirezza

  • Na tutga, na piglia e na tizza mai in animal selvadi, gnanc in pitschen, ed era sch'el para da durmir u d'esser mort.
  • Dà spazi a l'animal. Sche ti scuntras in, resta calm, va plaun enavos e lascha ir el per sia via.
  • Sche ti l'has tutgà u mangià: na sfruscha betg ils egls u la bucca, lava ils mauns e tschertga agid medicinal.

El n'ha betg quai sin tai. Ses tissi è mo là, per che nagin na al mangia. Dapli davart la segirezza

Nua sin il mund?

AfricaAsiaEuropaAmerica dal NordAmerica dal SidAustralia ed Oceania

Quant grond è el?

Quant lung è el?

Pumpkin toadlet circa 2 cm lung (0,8 in)In graun da ris circa 7 mm (0,3 in)Ina munaida d'1 euro circa 2,3 cm (0,9 in)
pli curt che tes det pitschenpudess currer 100 meters en 180 secundas (l'uman il pli svelt dovra 9,6)

Quant grond è Pumpkin toadlet cumpareglià cun TAI?

Mo matematica en tes navigatur. Nagut na vegn memorisà u tramess.

Quant svelt è el?

bun da savair

Fatgs

1

In 2019, scientists found that the head and back of this frog glow under ultraviolet light because of fluorescent skeletons. Young frogs that have gained adult colours still do not glow.1

2

Adults cannot hear the frequency of their own calls because their ears are underdeveloped. They communicate with movements such as inflating the vocal sac, gaping the mouth and waving their arms.1

3

Its main toxin, 11-oxotetrodotoxin, is extremely rare in animals, even in marine species.1

4

Its young hatch directly into tiny toadlets, skipping the tadpole stage.1

5

It is among the largest frogs in its genus, Brachycephalus.1

Destructur da mits

Mit: Its glow under ultraviolet light is a warning signal to predators.

Vardad: Studies suggest this is unlikely. Predators attack the frogs at the same rate whether or not they glow.1

Per experts da tissi

Num scientific
Brachycephalus ephippium
Gruppa
Raunas tossicas, rospis e salamandras d'aua
Famiglia
Brachycephalidae2
Urden
Anura
Continents
America dal Sid
Poppins
It breeds by direct development. The female lays a few eggs on land, which hatch into young toadlets with no tadpole stage.1
Co ch'i va ad el en la natira
Not considered threatened1
Privel per umans
2 / 5: Dolurus3

Da nua che vegnan ils fatgs

  1. Pumpkin toadlet (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Brachycephalus ephippium (iNaturalist): nums e classificaziun.
  3. Venom Wiki: il stgalim da privel, la grondezza tipica e la stima da la sveltezza èn noss agens. Guarda co che nus als calculain: Co che nus valitain il privel.

Mintga fatg sin questa pagina ha in numer che renvia a sia funtauna. Sche nus avain fatg in sbagl, perstgisa, nus essan fans d'animals, betg ina revista scientifica. Scriva a nus a [email protected] e nus curregin.

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